1.定义结构体数组存储5个学生的信息：姓名，年龄，性别
定义函数实现输入，要求形参使用结构体指针接收
函数实现5个学生年龄排序(注意对年龄排序时，交换的是所有信息)
定义函数实现输出，要求形参使用结构体指针接收
cpp
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
struct student
{
char name[20];
int age;
char gender; //f,m
};
void input(int n, struct student *p);
void sort_by_age(int n, struct student *p );
void ouput(int n, struct student *p);
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
int n=5;
struct student arr_stu[n];
struct student *p = arr_stu;
input(n, arr_stu);
printf("before sort:\n");
ouput(n, arr_stu);
putchar(10);
sort_by_age(n, arr_stu);
printf("after sort:\n");
ouput(n, arr_stu);
return 0;
}
void input(int n, struct student *p){
for(int i=0; i<n ;i++)
{
printf("please input no.[%d] student's info:\n", i+1);
printf("name:");
scanf("%s", (p+i)->name);
printf("age:");
scanf("%d", &(p+i)->age);
printf("gender:");
scanf(" %c", &(p+i)->gender);
}
}
void sort_by_age(int n, struct student *p )
{
int descend=0;
for(int i=0; i<n-1; i++)
{
int cur=i;
for(int j=i+1; j<n; j++)
{
if(descend==1 && (p+cur)->age < (p+j)->age)
{
cur=j;
}
else if(descend==0 && (p+cur)->age > (p+j)->age)
{
cur=j;
}
}
if(cur!=i)
{
struct student t;
strcpy(t.name, (p+cur)->name);
t.age = (p+cur)->age;
t.gender = (p+cur)->gender;
strcpy((p+cur)->name, (p+i)->name);
(p+cur)->age = (p+i)->age;
(p+cur)->gender = (p+i)->gender;
strcpy((p+i)->name, t.name);
(p+i)->age = t.age;
(p+i)->gender = t.gender;
}
}
}
void ouput(int n, struct student *p)
{
printf("name\tage\tgender\n");
for(int i=0; i<n; i++)
{
printf("%s\t%d\t%c\n", (p+i)->name, (p+i)->age, (p+i)->gender);
}
putchar(10);
}
~
~
~
~ 输出结果:
cpp
please input no.[1] student's info:
name:a
age:19
gender:f
please input no.[2] student's info:
name:b
age:29
gender:m
please input no.[3] student's info:
name:c
age:27
gender:f
please input no.[4] student's info:
name:d
age:18
gender:m
please input no.[5] student's info:
name:e
age:23
gender:f
before sort:
name age gender
a 19 f
b 29 m
c 27 f
d 18 m
e 23 f
after sort:
name age gender
d 18 m
a 19 f
e 23 f
c 27 f
b 29 m2.定义车辆a和车辆b，实现交换
车的信息：品牌，单价，颜色
cpp
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
struct car
{
char brand[20];
int price;
char color[10];
};
void output(struct car ca);
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
struct car a;
struct car b;
strcpy(a.brand, "Tesla");
a.price = 20;
strcpy(a.color, "black");
printf("car a:\n");
output(a);
strcpy(b.brand, "byd");
b.price =30;
strcpy(b.color, "blue");
printf("car b:\n");
output(b);
//exchange
struct car t;
strcpy(t.brand, a.brand);
strcpy(a.brand, b.brand);
strcpy(b.brand, t.brand);
t.price = a.price;
a.price = b.price;
b.price = t.price;
strcpy(t.color, a.color);
strcpy(a.color, b.color);
strcpy(b.color, t.color);
printf("car a:\n");
output(a);
printf("car b:\n");
output(b);
return 0;
}
void output(struct car ca)
{
printf("brand\tprice\tcolor\n");
printf("%s\t%d\t%s\n\n", ca.brand, ca.price, ca.color);
}
~ 输出结果
cpp
car a:
brand price color
Tesla 20 black
car b:
brand price color
byd 30 blue
car a:
brand price color
byd 30 blue
car b:
brand price color
Tesla 20 black3.思维导图
