生产者发送消息，在消息不可达指定队列时，可以借助扇出类型交换机（之前写过消息回退的处理方案，扇出交换机处理的方案优先级高于消息回退）处理不可达消息，然后放置一个备份队列，供消费者处理不可达消息，同时也加一个报警队列，对于不能走正常流程的消息进行消费者告警。
先用方法配置类把各个组件声明：
java
package com.esint.configs;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Configuration
public class BackupConfig {
/**
* 定义组件常量名字
*/
//交换机- 确认交换机额
public static final String EXCHANGE_SURE = "sure.ex";
//交换机- 备份交换机额
public static final String EXCHANGE_BACK = "backup.ex";
//队列- 正常确认队列
public static final String QUEUE_SURE = "sure.queue";
//队列-备份队列
public static final String QUEUE_BACKUP = "backup.queue";
//队列-警告队列
public static final String QUEUE_WARN = "warn.queue";
//routing-key
public static final String ROUTING_KEY_SURE = "key1";
/**
* 声明组件
*/
//确认交换机
@Bean("sureExchange")
public DirectExchange sureExchange(){
Map<String, Object> arguments = new HashMap<>();
arguments.put("alternate-exchange",EXCHANGE_BACK);
return ExchangeBuilder.directExchange(EXCHANGE_SURE).durable(true).withArguments(arguments).build();
}
//备份交换机
@Bean("backExchange")
public FanoutExchange backExchange(){
return new FanoutExchange(EXCHANGE_BACK);
}
//确认队列
@Bean("sureQueue")
public Queue sureQueue(){
return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_SURE).build();
}
//备份队列
@Bean("backupQueue")
public Queue backupQueue(){
return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_BACKUP).build();
}
//警告队列
@Bean("warnQueue")
public Queue warnQueue(){
return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_WARN).build();
}
/**
* 绑定组件 确认队列 绑定 确认交换机 with key1
*/
@Bean
public Binding sureQueueBindingSureExchange(@Qualifier("sureQueue") Queue sureQueue,
@Qualifier("sureExchange")DirectExchange sureExchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(sureQueue).to(sureExchange).with(ROUTING_KEY_SURE);
}
/**
* 绑定组件 备份队列 绑定 备份交换机
*/
@Bean
public Binding backupQueueBindingBackupExchange(@Qualifier("backupQueue") Queue backupQueue,
@Qualifier("backExchange")FanoutExchange backExchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(backupQueue).to(backExchange);
}
/**
* 绑定组件 警告队列 绑定 备份交换机
*/
@Bean
public Binding warnQueueBindingBackupExchange(@Qualifier("warnQueue") Queue warnQueue,
@Qualifier("backExchange")FanoutExchange backExchange){
return BindingBuilder.bind(warnQueue).to(backExchange);
}
}生产者： 我们做出两个方法，一个可正常进行流程，一个routingKey异常无法路由到指定队列
java
package com.esint.controller;
import com.esint.configs.BackupConfig;
import com.esint.constants.ResponseCode;
import com.esint.entity.ResponseEntity;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParam;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParams;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.*;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
@Api(value = "rabbitMQ-备份队列测试")
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/rabbit")
public class BackUpExchangeController {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
@ApiOperation(value = "routingKey正常测试",httpMethod = "GET",tags = {"去正常流程"})
@ApiImplicitParams({
@ApiImplicitParam(name="str",value="消息体",required = false,dataType = "String")
})
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/test1", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ResponseEntity test1(String str ) {
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(BackupConfig.EXCHANGE_SURE, BackupConfig.ROUTING_KEY_SURE,str);
return new ResponseEntity(ResponseCode.SUCCESS).addData("routingKeyOk:"+str);
}
@ApiOperation(value = "routingKey非正常测试",httpMethod = "GET",tags = {"去备份-警告"})
@ApiImplicitParams({
@ApiImplicitParam(name="str",value="消息体",required = false,dataType = "String")
})
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/test2", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ResponseEntity test2(String str ) {
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(BackupConfig.EXCHANGE_SURE, BackupConfig.ROUTING_KEY_SURE+"wrong",str);
return new ResponseEntity(ResponseCode.SUCCESS).addData("routingKeyWrong:"+str);
}
}三个消费者分别监听正常队列 备份队列 警告队列
确认队列消费者：
java
package com.esint.consumer;
import com.esint.configs.BackupConfig;
import com.esint.configs.ConfirmConfig;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class BackUpConsumer01 {
@RabbitListener(queues = BackupConfig.QUEUE_SURE)
public void reveiver(Message message){
log.info("正常消费者C1：" + new String(message.getBody()),"UTF-8");
}
}备份队列消费者：
java
package com.esint.consumer;
import com.esint.configs.BackupConfig;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class BackUpConsumer02 {
@RabbitListener(queues = BackupConfig.QUEUE_BACKUP)
public void reveiver(Message message){
log.info("备份消费者C2：" + new String(message.getBody()),"UTF-8");
}
}警告队列消费者：
java
package com.esint.consumer;
import com.esint.configs.BackupConfig;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class BackUpConsumer03 {
@RabbitListener(queues = BackupConfig.QUEUE_WARN)
public void reveiver(Message message){
log.info("警告消费者C3：" + new String(message.getBody()),"UTF-8");
}
}测试：
1.正常流程测试
log
com.esint.consumer.BackUpConsumer01 : 正常消费者C1：你好啊 正常队列2.路由不达消息测试
log
com.esint.consumer.BackUpConsumer03 : 警告消费者C3：这个消息不可达 routing-key不对 它去哪里了？
com.esint.consumer.BackUpConsumer02 : 备份消费者C2：这个消息不可达 routing-key不对 它去哪里了？测试达到预期结果！