K8s资源管理介绍

用这个官网下的，kube-flannel.yml ，就不会nodes not-ready

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---
kind: Namespace
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel
  labels:
    k8s-app: flannel
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce: privileged
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: flannel
  name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods
  verbs:
  - get
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  verbs:
  - get
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes/status
  verbs:
  - patch
- apiGroups:
  - networking.k8s.io
  resources:
  - clustercidrs
  verbs:
  - list
  - watch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: flannel
  name: flannel
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-flannel
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: flannel
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-flannel
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-cfg
  namespace: kube-flannel
  labels:
    tier: node
    k8s-app: flannel
    app: flannel
data:
  cni-conf.json: |
    {
      "name": "cbr0",
      "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
      "plugins": [
        {
          "type": "flannel",
          "delegate": {
            "hairpinMode": true,
            "isDefaultGateway": true
          }
        },
        {
          "type": "portmap",
          "capabilities": {
            "portMappings": true
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  net-conf.json: |
    {
      "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
      "Backend": {
        "Type": "vxlan"
      }
    }
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds
  namespace: kube-flannel
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
    k8s-app: flannel
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: flannel
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      affinity:
        nodeAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            nodeSelectorTerms:
            - matchExpressions:
              - key: kubernetes.io/os
                operator: In
                values:
                - linux
      hostNetwork: true
      priorityClassName: system-node-critical
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni-plugin
        image: docker.io/flannel/flannel-cni-plugin:v1.2.0
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /flannel
        - /opt/cni/bin/flannel
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni-plugin
          mountPath: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: install-cni
        image: docker.io/flannel/flannel:v0.24.0
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        image: docker.io/flannel/flannel:v0.24.0
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: false
          capabilities:
            add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        - name: EVENT_QUEUE_DEPTH
          value: "5000"
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run/flannel
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
        - name: xtables-lock
          mountPath: /run/xtables.lock
      volumes:
      - name: run
        hostPath:
          path: /run/flannel
      - name: cni-plugin
        hostPath:
          path: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: cni
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/cni/net.d
      - name: flannel-cfg
        configMap:
          name: kube-flannel-cfg
      - name: xtables-lock
        hostPath:
          path: /run/xtables.lock
          type: FileOrCreate

省略搭建过程

1.资源管理介绍

2.命令式对象管理

kubectl命令

kubectl是kubernetes集群的命令行工具，通过它能够对集群本身进行管理，并能够在集群上进行容器化应用的安装部署。kubectl命令的语法如下：

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kubectl [command] [type] [name] [flags]

comand：指定要对资源执行的操作，例如create、get、delete

type：指定资源类型，比如deployment、pod、service

name：指定资源的名称，名称大小写敏感

flags：指定额外的可选参数

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# 查看所有pod
kubectl get pod 

# 查看某个pod
kubectl get pod pod_name

# 查看某个pod,以yaml格式展示结果
kubectl get pod pod_name -o yaml

资源类型

kubernetes中所有的内容都抽象为资源，可以通过下面的命令进行查看:

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kubectl api-resources

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kubectl --help

经常使用的操作有下面这些：

下面以一个namespace / pod的创建和删除简单演示下命令的使用：

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# 创建一个namespace
[root@master ~]# kubectl create namespace dev
namespace/dev created

# 获取namespace
[root@master ~]# kubectl get ns
NAME              STATUS   AGE
default           Active   21h
dev               Active   21s
kube-node-lease   Active   21h
kube-public       Active   21h
kube-system       Active   21h

# 在此namespace下创建并运行一个nginx的Pod
[root@master ~]# kubectl run pod --image=nginx -n dev
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl run --generator=run-pod/v1 or kubectl create instead.
deployment.apps/pod created

# 查看新创建的pod
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod -n dev
NAME                   READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod-864f9875b9-pcw7x   1/1     Running   0          21s

# 删除指定的pod
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete pod pod-864f9875b9-pcw7x
pod "pod-864f9875b9-pcw7x" deleted

# 删除指定的namespace
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete ns dev
namespace "dev" deleted

3.命令式对象配置

命令式对象配置就是使用命令配合配置文件一起来操作kubernetes资源。

1）创建一个nginxpod.yaml，内容如下：

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apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: dev

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: nginxpod
  namespace: dev
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx-containers
    image: nginx:1.17.1

2）执行create命令，创建资源：

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[root@master ~]# kubectl create -f nginxpod.yaml
namespace/dev created
pod/nginxpod created

此时发现创建了两个资源对象，分别是namespace和pod

3）执行get命令，查看资源：

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[root@master ~]#  kubectl get -f nginxpod.yaml
NAME            STATUS   AGE
namespace/dev   Active   18s

NAME            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/nginxpod    1/1     Running   0          17s

这样就显示了两个资源对象的信息

4）执行delete命令，删除资源：

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[root@master ~]# kubectl delete -f nginxpod.yaml
namespace "dev" deleted
pod "nginxpod" deleted

此时发现两个资源对象被删除了

总结:

命令式对象配置的方式操作资源，可以简单的认为：命令 + yaml配置文件（里面是命令需要的各种参数）

4.声明式对象配置

声明式对象配置跟命令式对象配置很相似，但是它只有一个命令apply。

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# 首先执行一次kubectl apply -f yaml文件，发现创建了资源
[root@master ~]#  kubectl apply -f nginxpod.yaml
namespace/dev created
pod/nginxpod created

# 再次执行一次kubectl apply -f yaml文件，发现说资源没有变动
[root@master ~]#  kubectl apply -f nginxpod.yaml
namespace/dev unchanged
pod/nginxpod unchanged

5.小结

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总结:
    其实声明式对象配置就是使用apply描述一个资源最终的状态（在yaml中定义状态）
	使用apply操作资源：
        如果资源不存在，就创建，相当于 kubectl create
		如果资源已存在，就更新，相当于 kubectl patch

扩展：kubectl可以在node节点上运行吗 ?

kubectl的运行是需要进行配置的，它的配置文件是$HOME/.kube，如果想要在node节点运行此命令，需要将master上的.kube文件复制到node节点上，即在master节点上执行下面操作：

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scp  -r  HOME/.kube   node1: HOME/

使用推荐: 三种方式应该怎么用 ?

创建/更新资源使用声明式对象配置 kubectl apply -f XXX.yaml

删除资源使用命令式对象配置 kubectl delete -f XXX.yaml

查询资源使用命令式对象管理 kubectl get(describe) 资源名称5.5.