前言
通过使用 CL_XLSX_DOCUMENT，可以轻松加载文件、工作簿、工作表、行和列。在 CL_EHFND_XLSX 类中可以我们找到很好的示例代码，例如：
ABAP
lo_xlsx_doc = cl_xlsx_document=>load_document( <XSTRING of xlsx file> )
lo_workbookpart = lo_xlsx_doc->get_workbookpart( ).
lo_wordsheetparts = lo_workbookpart->get_worksheetparts( ).
lo_wordsheetpart = lo_wordsheetparts->get_part( 0 ).
lo_sheet_content = lo_wordsheetpart->get_data( ).
CREATE OBJECT lo_xml_document.
lo_xml_document->parse_xstring( lo_sheet_content ).
DATA(lo_node_datavalidation_init) = lo_node_datavalidations->clone( ).
....
DATA(lo_node_datavalidation) = lo_node_datavalidation_init->clone( ).
lo_node_datavalidation->set_name( 'dataValidation' ).
CONCATENATE ls_validation-column lv_begin_str ':' ls_validation-column lv_end_str INTO
DATA(lv_sqref).
DATA(lo_attrs_map_datavalidation) = lo_node_datavalidation->get_attributes( ).
DATA(lo_attr_sqref) = lo_attrs_map_datavalidation->get_named_item_ns( 'count' )->clone( ).
lo_attr_sqref->set_name( 'sqref' ).
lo_attr_sqref->set_value( lv_sqref ).
lo_attrs_map_datavalidation->set_named_item_ns( lo_attr_sqref ).
lo_attrs_map_datavalidation->remove_named_item_ns( 'count' ).
DATA(lo_attr_showerrormsg) = lo_attr_sqref->clone( ).
lo_attr_showerrormsg->set_name( 'showErrorMessage' ).
lo_attr_showerrormsg->set_value( '1' ).
lo_attrs_map_datavalidation->set_named_item_ns( lo_attr_showerrormsg ).
.....可执行的 SE38 事务码
本报告的主要功能包括
- 将任何 DDIC 表格的内容下载到 xlsx 文件中
- 更改 xlsx 文件中的值
- 将 xlsx 文件上传到 DDIC 表中
- 检查 DDIC 表中的更改值。
本报告采用了动态结构。
用户界面
ABAP
selection-screen begin of block b04 with frame title text-b04.
parameters p_exp radiobutton group radi user-command action default 'X'.
parameters p_imp radiobutton group radi.
selection-screen end of block b04.
selection-screen begin of block b01 with frame title text-b01.
parameters p_table type dd02l-tabname modif id gp1 obligatory memory id ht.
parameters p_file type localfile modif id gp2 obligatory memory id hf.
parameters p_sql type string modif id gp3.
selection-screen comment /1(75) comm.
selection-screen end of block b01.
initialization.
comm = `e.g. RLDNR = 'Y1' AND RRCTY = 'U'`.
at selection-screen on value-request for p_file.
* call function 'F4_FILENAME'
* exporting
* field_name = 'P_FILE'
* importing
* file_name = p_file.
data(title) = |Select Excel File, e.g. *.xlsx|.
data(defaultextension) = |.xlsx|.
data(filefilter) = `Excel Files (*.xlsx)|*.xlsx`.
data it_tab type filetable.
data returncode type i.
call method cl_gui_frontend_services=>file_open_dialog
exporting
window_title = title
default_extension = defaultextension
* default_filename =
* file_filter = filefilter
* with_encoding =
* initial_directory =
* multiselection =
changing
file_table = it_tab
rc = returncode
* user_action =
* file_encoding =
* exceptions
* file_open_dialog_failed = 1
* cntl_error = 2
* error_no_gui = 3
* not_supported_by_gui = 4
* others = 5
.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
* Implement suitable error handling here
endif.
read table it_tab assigning field-symbol(<selectedfilename>) index 1.
if sy-subrc = 0.
p_file = <selectedfilename>-filename.
endif.主要功能
下载表格内容到本地 excel 文件（xlsx）
选择操作 "Export"
输入现有表格，例如表名 T000，文件完整路径：c:\demo\t000.xlsx
更改 xlsx 文件中非关键列的值。
ABAP
start-of-selection.
try.
data(configurationhandler) = new lcl_configuration( filefullpath = conv #( p_file )
tablename = conv #( p_table )
sqlscript = p_sql ).
if p_exp = abap_true.
configurationhandler->export( ).
else.
configurationhandler->import( ).
endif.
catch lcx_configuration into data(configurationexception).
write: / configurationexception->local_text.
endtry.将本地 excel 文件 (*.xlsx) 上传到表格中
选择 "Import" 功能
输入现有表格，例如表名 T000，文件完整路径：c:\demo\t000.xlsx
空行将被跳过，表项将被修改（插入或更新）。无法删除现有表条目。
ABAP
start-of-selection.
try.
data(configurationhandler) = new lcl_configuration( filefullpath = conv #( p_file )
tablename = conv #( p_table )
sqlscript = p_sql ).
if p_exp = abap_true.
configurationhandler->export( ).
else.
configurationhandler->import( ).
endif.
catch lcx_configuration into data(configurationexception).
write: / configurationexception->local_text.
endtry.异常处理
如果 xlsx 文件不属于该表，则会出现结构冲突异常。
ABAP
"check file structure, first line of excel file
data(columncount) = firstsheet->get_last_column_number_in_row( 1 ).
data column type i value 1.
"data tablecomponents type cl_abap_structdescr=>component_table.
data(tablecomponents) = me->tablestructure->get_components( ).
data invalidcolumn type string.
types: begin of columninfo,
column type i,
columnname type string,
end of columninfo.
types columnsinfo type standard table of columninfo with empty key.
data columnfromfile type columnsinfo.
do columncount times.
data(cellvalue) = firstsheet->get_cell_content(
exporting
iv_row = 1
iv_column = column ).
append initial line to columnfromfile assigning field-symbol(<columnfromfile>).
<columnfromfile>-column = column.
<columnfromfile>-columnname = cellvalue.
if line_exists( tablecomponents[ name = cellvalue ] ).
delete tablecomponents where name = cellvalue.
else.
invalidcolumn = invalidcolumn && |,{ cellvalue }|.
endif.
column = column + 1.
enddo.
data missingcolumns type string.
loop at tablecomponents reference into data(currentcomponent).
missingcolumns = missingcolumns && |, { currentcomponent->*-name }|.
endloop.
if not invalidcolumn is initial.
raise exception type lcx_configuration
exporting
text = |Find invalid columns: { invalidcolumn } |.
endif.第一行将是表格列的名称
本地类定义
erlang
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Include ZZZZ_HOME_CFG_FINE_TUNING_LCL
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
class lcx_configuration definition
inheriting from cx_static_check.
public section.
data local_text type string.
methods constructor importing text type string.
endclass.
class lcx_configuration implementation.
method constructor.
super->constructor( ).
local_text = text.
endmethod.
endclass.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Class lcl_configuration
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
class lcl_configuration definition.
public section.
data filefullpath type string.
data tablename type string.
data sqlscript type string.
data tableinfo type tadir.
data tablestructure type ref to cl_abap_structdescr.
data tabletype type ref to cl_abap_tabledescr.
data tabledata type ref to data.
class-methods validate_sql_script
changing sqlscript type string.
class-methods validate_table
changing checkedtablename type string
raising lcx_configuration.
methods constructor "Constructore method
importing filefullpath type string
tablename type string
sqlscript type string
raising lcx_configuration.
methods import raising lcx_configuration.
methods export raising lcx_configuration.
protected section.
methods get_filecontent
returning value(filecontent) type xstring
raising lcx_configuration.
methods extract_data_from_table
raising lcx_configuration.
methods check_file
raising lcx_configuration.
methods extract_data_from_excel
raising lcx_configuration.
methods get_tablecontent
exporting tablecontent type any table
raising lcx_configuration.
private section.
endclass.
class lcl_configuration implementation.
method constructor.
if filefullpath is initial or tablename is initial.
raise exception type lcx_configuration
exporting
text = |File Name { filefullpath } and Table Name { tablename } should be provided|.
endif.
me->filefullpath = filefullpath.
me->tablename = tablename.
me->sqlscript = sqlscript.
lcl_configuration=>validate_table( changing checkedtablename = me->tablename ).
me->tablestructure ?= cl_abap_typedescr=>describe_by_name( me->tablename ).
if not me->tablestructure is bound.
raise exception type lcx_configuration
exporting
text = |Exception occurs when parsing Table Structure for { tablename } |.
endif.
try.
me->tabletype = cl_abap_tabledescr=>create( p_line_type = me->tablestructure ).
catch cx_sy_table_creation into data(tabletypeexception).
raise exception type lcx_configuration
exporting
text = |Exception occurs when parsing Table Type for { tablename } |.
endtry.
create data tabledata type handle me->tabletype.
endmethod.
method import.
"Update DDIC table content from (client PC) excel file
me->extract_data_from_excel( ).
field-symbols <finaltabledata> type standard table.
data finaltabledata type ref to data.
create data finaltabledata type handle me->tabletype.
assign finaltabledata->* to <finaltabledata>.
field-symbols <tabledata> type standard table.
assign me->tabledata->* to <tabledata>.
loop at <tabledata> assigning field-symbol(<currenttabledata>).
assign component 'MANDT' of structure <currenttabledata> to field-symbol(<lv_client>).
if sy-subrc = 0.
<lv_client> = ''.
if not <currenttabledata> is initial.
<lv_client> = sy-mandt.
append <currenttabledata> to <finaltabledata>.
else.
"delete <tabledata> from <currenttabledata>.
endif.
else.
if <currenttabledata> is initial.
"delete <tabledata> from <currenttabledata>.
endif.
endif.
endloop.
data(checkedtablename) = me->tablename.
lcl_configuration=>validate_table( changing checkedtablename = checkedtablename ).
if not <finaltabledata> is initial.
modify (checkedtablename) from table <finaltabledata>.
"break-point.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
rollback work.
raise exception type lcx_configuration
exporting
text = |Exception occurs when modifying table: { tablename } |.
else.
message s001(00) with |Table: { tablename } is modified successfully.|.
endif.
endif.
endmethod.
method export.
"Create client PC excel file from DDIC table
data(filecontent) = me->get_filecontent( ).
cl_scp_change_db=>xstr_to_xtab( exporting im_xstring = filecontent
importing ex_xtab = data(filecontenttab) ).
cl_gui_frontend_services=>gui_download(
exporting
bin_filesize = xstrlen( filecontent )
filename = |{ me->filefullpath }|
filetype = 'BIN'
confirm_overwrite = abap_true
importing
filelength = data(bytestransferred)
changing
data_tab = filecontenttab
exceptions
file_write_error = 1
no_batch = 2
gui_refuse_filetransfer = 3
invalid_type = 4
no_authority = 5
unknown_error = 6
header_not_allowed = 7
separator_not_allowed = 8
filesize_not_allowed = 9
header_too_long = 10
dp_error_create = 11
dp_error_send = 12
dp_error_write = 13
unknown_dp_error = 14
access_denied = 15
dp_out_of_memory = 16
disk_full = 17
dp_timeout = 18
file_not_found = 19
dataprovider_exception = 20
control_flush_error = 21
not_supported_by_gui = 22
error_no_gui = 23
others = 24
).
if sy-subrc <> 0.
message id sy-msgid type sy-msgty number sy-msgno
with sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
else.
message s001(00) with bytestransferred ' bytes transferred'.
endif.
endmethod.
method get_filecontent.
me->extract_data_from_table( ).
if me->tabledata is initial.
raise exception type lcx_configuration
exporting
text = |Table { tablename } has no entry.|.
endif.
"Get file content from table
clear filecontent.
try.
data(xlsx_handling) = cl_ehfnd_xlsx=>get_instance( ).
data(xlsx_document) = xlsx_handling->create_doc( ).
data(xlsx_sheets) = xlsx_document->get_sheets( ).
data(first_xlsx_sheet) = xlsx_document->get_sheet_by_id( xlsx_sheets[ 1 ]-sheet_id ).
first_xlsx_sheet->change_sheet_name( 'Data' ).
data(lv_column) = 1.
loop at me->tablestructure->components reference into data(component).
first_xlsx_sheet->set_cell_content( iv_row = 1 iv_column = lv_column iv_value = component->name ).
lv_column = lv_column + 1.
endloop.
data(lv_row) = 2.
field-symbols <tabledata> type standard table.
assign me->tabledata->* to <tabledata>.
loop at <tabledata> assigning field-symbol(<currenttabledata>).
lv_column = 1.
loop at me->tablestructure->components reference into component.
assign component component->name of structure <currenttabledata> to field-symbol(<columnvalue>).
first_xlsx_sheet->set_cell_content( iv_row = lv_row iv_column = lv_column iv_value = <columnvalue> ).
lv_column = lv_column + 1.
endloop.
lv_row = lv_row + 1.
endloop.
filecontent = xlsx_document->save( ).
catch cx_openxml_format into data(openxml_format_exception).
raise exception type lcx_configuration
exporting
text = |Error occurs when constructing excel file instance. cx_openxml_format|.
catch cx_openxml_not_found into data(openxml_not_found_exception).
raise exception type lcx_configuration
exporting
text = |Error occurs when constructing excel file instance. CX_OPENXML_NOT_FOUND |.
catch cx_openxml_not_allowed into data(openxml_not_allowed_exception).
raise exception type lcx_configuration
exporting
text = |Error occurs when constructing excel file instance. CX_OPENXML_NOT_ALLOWED |.
endtry.
endmethod.
method get_tablecontent.
"Get table content from file
endmethod.
method validate_table.
"raise exception if table does not exist
select single * from tadir into @data(tableinfo) where obj_name = @checkedtablename and object = 'TABL'. "#EC CI_GENBUFF.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
raise exception type lcx_configuration
exporting
text = |Table { checkedtablename } does not exist.|.
endif.
try.
checkedtablename =
cl_abap_dyn_prg=>check_table_or_view_name_str(
val = checkedtablename
packages = conv #( tableinfo-devclass )
incl_sub_packages = abap_true
).
catch cx_abap_not_a_table
cx_abap_not_in_package.
return.
endtry.
endmethod.
method extract_data_from_table.
data sql_script type string.
data checkedtablename type string.
sql_script = me->sqlscript.
checkedtablename = me->tablename.
lcl_configuration=>validate_sql_script( changing sqlscript = sql_script ).
lcl_configuration=>validate_table( changing checkedtablename = checkedtablename ).
field-symbols <tabledata> type standard table.
assign tabledata->* to <tabledata>.
if me->sqlscript is initial.
select * from (checkedtablename) into table <tabledata>.
else.
select * from (checkedtablename) into table <tabledata> where (sql_script).
endif.
endmethod.
method validate_sql_script.
if sqlscript is initial.
return.
endif.
sqlscript = replace( val = sqlscript
sub = `'`
with = `''`
occ = 0 ).
concatenate `'` sqlscript `'` into sqlscript separated by space.
try.
sqlscript =
cl_abap_dyn_prg=>check_char_literal( sqlscript ).
data(lv_len) = strlen( sqlscript ) - 2.
sqlscript = sqlscript+1(lv_len).
sqlscript = replace( val = sqlscript
sub = `''`
with = `'`
occ = 0 ).
catch cx_abap_invalid_value into data(lo_exception).
clear sqlscript.
endtry.
endmethod.
method check_file.
endmethod.
method extract_data_from_excel.
field-symbols <exceldata> type standard table.
assign me->tabledata->* to <exceldata>.
data(xlsxhandler) = cl_ehfnd_xlsx=>get_instance( ).
check not xlsxhandler is initial.
try.
data(xstring_excel) = cl_openxml_helper=>load_local_file( me->filefullpath ).
catch cx_openxml_not_found into data(openxml_not_found).
return.
endtry.
try.
data(xlsxdocument) = xlsxhandler->load_doc( iv_file_data = xstring_excel ).
catch cx_openxml_format into data(openxml_format).
return.
catch cx_openxml_not_allowed into data(openxml_not_allowed).
return.
catch cx_dynamic_check into data(dynamic_check).
return.
endtry.
"extract data from first sheet
try.
data(firstsheet) = xlsxdocument->get_sheet_by_id( iv_sheet_id = 1 ).
catch cx_openxml_format into openxml_format.
raise exception type lcx_configuration
exporting
text = |Error occurs when extract data from first sheet: CX_OPENXML_FORMAT |.
catch cx_openxml_not_found into openxml_not_found.
raise exception type lcx_configuration
exporting
text = |Error occurs when extract data from first sheet: OPENXML_NOT_FOUND |.
catch cx_dynamic_check into dynamic_check.
raise exception type lcx_configuration
exporting
text = |Error occurs when extract data from first sheet: CX_DYNAMIC_CHECK |.
endtry.
"return if no sheet in xlsx file
check not firstsheet is initial.
"check file structure, first line of excel file
data(columncount) = firstsheet->get_last_column_number_in_row( 1 ).
data column type i value 1.
"data tablecomponents type cl_abap_structdescr=>component_table.
data(tablecomponents) = me->tablestructure->get_components( ).
data invalidcolumn type string.
types: begin of columninfo,
column type i,
columnname type string,
end of columninfo.
types columnsinfo type standard table of columninfo with empty key.
data columnfromfile type columnsinfo.
do columncount times.
data(cellvalue) = firstsheet->get_cell_content(
exporting
iv_row = 1
iv_column = column ).
append initial line to columnfromfile assigning field-symbol(<columnfromfile>).
<columnfromfile>-column = column.
<columnfromfile>-columnname = cellvalue.
if line_exists( tablecomponents[ name = cellvalue ] ).
delete tablecomponents where name = cellvalue.
else.
invalidcolumn = invalidcolumn && |,{ cellvalue }|.
endif.
column = column + 1.
enddo.
data missingcolumns type string.
loop at tablecomponents reference into data(currentcomponent).
missingcolumns = missingcolumns && |, { currentcomponent->*-name }|.
endloop.
if not invalidcolumn is initial.
raise exception type lcx_configuration
exporting
text = |Find invalid columns: { invalidcolumn } |.
endif.
if not missingcolumns is initial.
raise exception type lcx_configuration
exporting
text = |Columns do not exist in excel file: { missingcolumns } |.
endif.
tablecomponents = me->tablestructure->get_components( ).
data(rowcount) = firstsheet->get_last_row_number( ).
data currentrow type i value 2.
while currentrow <= rowcount.
append initial line to <exceldata> assigning field-symbol(<currentrow>).
loop at columnfromfile reference into data(currentcolumn).
cellvalue = firstsheet->get_cell_content(
exporting
iv_row = currentrow
iv_column = currentcolumn->*-column ).
assign component currentcolumn->*-columnname of structure <currentrow> to field-symbol(<cellvalue>).
<cellvalue> = cellvalue.
endloop.
currentrow = currentrow + 1.
endwhile.
endmethod.
endclass.总结
更多的代码，请参考 XLSX2ABAP 和 ABAP2XLSX 这两个项目。