ubuntu下如何查看显卡及显卡驱动
使用nvidia-smi 工具查看
查看显卡型号nvida-smi -L
bash
$ nvidia-smi -L
GPU 0: NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3050 4GB Laptop GPU (UUID: GPU-4cf7b7cb-f103-bf56-2d59-304f8996e28c)当然直接使用nvida-smi 命令可以查看更多信息
bash
$ nvidia-smi
Mon Feb 12 18:24:15 2024
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 535.154.05 Driver Version: 535.154.05 CUDA Version: 12.2 |
|-----------------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU Name Persistence-M | Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap | Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. |
| | | MIG M. |
|=========================================+======================+======================|
| 0 NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3050 ... Off | 00000000:02:00.0 Off | N/A |
| N/A 47C P8 3W / 40W | 214MiB / 4096MiB | 0% Default |
| | | N/A |
+-----------------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes: |
| GPU GI CI PID Type Process name GPU Memory |
| ID ID Usage |
|=======================================================================================|
| 0 N/A N/A 1854 G /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg 161MiB |
| 0 N/A N/A 2225 G /usr/bin/gnome-shell 40MiB |
| 0 N/A N/A 3199 G ...irefox/2987/usr/lib/firefox/firefox 2MiB |
| 0 N/A N/A 9612 G gnome-control-center 1MiB |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+注意，上图中的 CUDA Version 后面写了一个版本号。该版本号并不是你已经安装了该版本的 CUDA 的意思，而是说此显卡最大支持的CUDA版本号。因此我们仍然需要手动从官网下载CUDA，且版本号不能高于这个。
还可以使用如下命令，查看显卡驱动版本
bash
$ cat /proc/driver/nvidia/version
NVRM version: NVIDIA UNIX x86_64 Kernel Module 535.154.05 Thu Dec 28 15:37:48 UTC 2023
GCC version: gcc version 12.3.0 (Ubuntu 12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04) 也可以使用navidia-settings命令弹出图形界面
bash
$ navidia-settings
安装显卡前查看推荐的显卡
当然，如果没安装显卡驱动，则需要安装驱动，可使用如下命令
首先我们需要看看显卡硬件有没正确安装到计算机，我们可以通过命令lspci查看一下
bash
$ lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Device a706
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Device a7a0 (rev 04)
00:04.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Device a71d
00:06.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device a74d
00:06.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device a73d
00:07.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device a73f
00:08.0 System peripheral: Intel Corporation Device a74f
00:0d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Device a71e
00:0d.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation Device a73e
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH USB 3.2 xHCI Host Controller (rev 01)
00:14.2 RAM memory: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH Shared SRAM (rev 01)
00:14.3 Network controller: Intel Corporation Device 51f1 (rev 01)
00:15.0 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH Serial IO I2C Controller #0 (rev 01)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH HECI Controller (rev 01)
00:16.3 Serial controller: Intel Corporation Device 51e3 (rev 01)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Device 519d (rev 01)
00:1f.3 Multimedia audio controller: Intel Corporation Device 51ca (rev 01)
00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH-P SMBus Host Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.5 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-P PCH SPI Controller (rev 01)
01:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: KIOXIA Corporation Device 0010 (rev 01)
02:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation Device 25ab (rev a1)使用ubuntu-drivers devices命令，查看所有可用的即推荐的显卡驱动
bash
$ ubuntu-drivers devices
== /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:06.2/0000:02:00.0 ==
modalias : pci:v000010DEd000025ABsv000017AAsd000050D4bc03sc02i00
vendor : NVIDIA Corporation
driver : nvidia-driver-535-open - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-535-server-open - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-525-server - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-535 - distro non-free recommended
driver : nvidia-driver-525 - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-535-server - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-525-open - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-545-open - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-545 - distro non-free
driver : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtinnvidia-driver-535 - distro non-free recommended 这个即推荐的
使用
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall可直接安装推荐的显卡也可使用
sudo apt-get install nvidia-driver-525制定版本安装
关于ubuntu下的显卡驱动安装详细过程，可以点击这里
用nvidia-detector 命令，可查看支持的最高版本驱动
bash
$ nvidia-detector
nvidia-driver-545