背景
前面搭建好了 Kubernetes
集群与私有镜像仓库,终于要进入服务编排的实践环节了。本系列拿 ruoyi-cloud
项目进行练手,按照 MySQL
, Nacos
, Redis
, Nginx
, Gateway
, Auth
, System
的顺序来部署 ruoyi-cloud
微服务应用。
部署一个服务前,需要明确它是有状态服务还是无状态服务,这里 MySQL
, Nacos
, Redis
, Nginx
当做有状态服务(StatefulSet)来部署;而 Gateway
, Auth
, System
这些微服务作为无状态服务(Deployment)来部署。
这一次对全部服务采用 YAML
文件的方式来进行部署,这有助于理解K8S组织管理资源的风格,后续我们可以借助开源的容器平台,eg: KubeSphere
来进行可视化的服务部署。不过,手动编写 YAML
文件有一个问题,那就是当面对较多的微服务时,工作量较大,基本成了体力活;有个好消息是,我们可以使用 Kubernetes
官方提供的 kompose
工具,实现对 dokcer-compose
的 yaml
到 K8S
的 yaml
的转换。
另外,为了保证后续在实际生产环境下各组件的稳定与可靠,我们限定了所有基础镜像的版本。
- MySQL: 8.0
- Nacos: 2.2.3
- Redis: 7.2.3
- Nginx: 1.25.3
虚机资源
共用到了三台虚机,1台作为 Master
节点,2台 Worker
节点。
主机名 | IP | 说明 |
---|---|---|
k8s-master | 172.16.201.25 | 主节点 |
k8s-node1 | 172.16.201.26 | 工作节点 |
k8s-node2 | 172.16.201.27 | 工作节点 |
bash
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master Ready control-plane,master 37h v1.20.9
k8s-node1 Ready <none> 35h v1.20.9
k8s-node2 Ready <none> 35h v1.20.9
系统环境
bash
[root@k8s-master ~]# uname -a
Linux k8s-master 3.10.0-1160.71.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jun 28 15:37:28 UTC 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat /proc/version
Linux version 3.10.0-1160.71.1.el7.x86_64 (mockbuild@kbuilder.bsys.centos.org) (gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Tue Jun 28 15:37:28 UTC 2022
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)
YAML转换
ruoyi-cloud
项目本身提供了一个使用 docker-compose
部署的配置文件以及所有依赖服务镜像的构建脚本,是在项目根目录的 docker
目录下,可参考Docker容器化部署若依微服务ruoyi-cloud项目。
先将这个 docker
目录上传到 Kubernetes
的主节点,然后使用 kompose
将 dokcer-compose
的 yaml
转换为 K8S
的 yaml
。
bash
curl -L https://github.com/kubernetes/kompose/releases/download/v1.26.0/kompose-linux-amd64 -o kompose
chmod +x kompose
mv ./kompose /usr/local/bin/kompose
[root@k8s-master docker]# cd /opt/docker
[root@k8s-master docker]# kompose convert
对于自动转换后的 YAML
,我们做简单的修改后即可应用部署。下面是 MySQL
的 YAML
配置文件(做了合并和微调)。
- ruoyi-mysql-ns-sc-pv-pvc.yaml
yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
name: ruoyi-basic
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: ruoyi-mysql-data-pv
labels:
pv: ruoyi-mysql-data-pv
spec:
capacity:
storage: 5Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain
storageClassName: local-storage
local:
path: /data/mysql/data
nodeAffinity:
required:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/hostname
operator: In
values:
- k8s-node1
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: ruoyi-mysql-log-pv
labels:
pv: ruoyi-mysql-log-pv
spec:
capacity:
storage: 5Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain
storageClassName: local-storage
local:
path: /data/mysql/log
nodeAffinity:
required:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/hostname
operator: In
values:
- k8s-node1
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: ruoyi-mysql-data-pvc
namespace: ruoyi-basic
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage: 10Mi
storageClassName: local-storage
selector:
matchLabels:
pv: ruoyi-mysql-data-pv
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: ruoyi-mysql-log-pvc
namespace: ruoyi-basic
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage: 2Gi
storageClassName: local-storage
selector:
matchLabels:
pv: ruoyi-mysql-log-pv
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: ruoyi-mysql-configmap
namespace: ruoyi-basic
data:
my-custom.cnf: |
[mysqld]
# handle error "this is incompatible with sql_mode=only_full_group_by"
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[client]
socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
Note: 这里使用 local-storage
的 StorageClass
,并使用本地磁盘的方式创建使用 PV
,实际建议使用 NFS
。
- ruoyi-mysql-deployment.yaml
yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
annotations:
kompose.cmd: kompose convert
kompose.version: 1.26.0 (40646f47)
labels:
io.kompose.service: ruoyi-mysql
name: ruoyi-mysql
namespace: ruoyi-basic
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
io.kompose.service: ruoyi-mysql
template:
metadata:
annotations:
kompose.cmd: kompose convert
kompose.version: 1.26.0 (40646f47)
labels:
io.kompose.service: ruoyi-mysql
spec:
containers:
- args:
- --innodb-buffer-pool-size=80M
- --character-set-server=utf8mb4
- --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
- --default-time-zone=+8:00
- --lower-case-table-names=1
env:
- name: MYSQL_DATABASE
value: ruoyi-cloud
- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
value: you-guess
image: mysql:8.0
name: ruoyi-mysql
ports:
- containerPort: 3306
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
name: ruoyi-mysql-data-pvc
- mountPath: /var/log/mysql
name: ruoyi-mysql-log-pvc
- mountPath: /etc/mysql/conf.d
name: ruoyi-mysql-config
restartPolicy: Always
volumes:
- name: ruoyi-mysql-data-pvc
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: ruoyi-mysql-data-pvc
- name: ruoyi-mysql-log-pvc
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: ruoyi-mysql-log-pvc
- name: ruoyi-mysql-config
configMap:
name: ruoyi-mysql-configmap
- ruoyi-mysql-service.yaml
yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
annotations:
kompose.cmd: kompose convert
kompose.version: 1.26.0 (40646f47)
labels:
io.kompose.service: ruoyi-mysql
name: ruoyi-mysql
namespace: ruoyi-basic
spec:
ports:
- name: "3306"
port: 3306
targetPort: 3306
nodePort: 30306
selector:
io.kompose.service: ruoyi-mysql
type: NodePort
部署MySQL
Note: 本次部署 MySQL
时用了 Deployment
(运行的pod名称会有个随机后缀),实际生产建议使用 StatefulSet
(pod名称后缀为0)更合适。
bash
# 创建NameSpace、StorageClass、PV、PVC
[root@k8s-master mysql]# kubectl apply -f ruoyi-mysql-ns-sc-pv-pvc.yaml
namespace/ruoyi-basic created
persistentvolume/ruoyi-mysql-data-pv created
persistentvolume/ruoyi-mysql-log-pv created
persistentvolumeclaim/ruoyi-mysql-data-pvc created
persistentvolumeclaim/ruoyi-mysql-log-pvc created
configmap/ruoyi-mysql-configmap created
# 部署MySQL
[root@k8s-master mysql]# kubectl apply -f ruoyi-mysql-deployment.yaml
deployment.apps/ruoyi-mysql created
# 创建MySQL服务
[root@k8s-master mysql]# kubectl apply -f ruoyi-mysql-service.yaml
service/ruoyi-mysql created
# 查看PV信息
[root@k8s-master mysql]# kubectl get pv -owide
NAME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES RECLAIM POLICY STATUS CLAIM STORAGECLASS REASON AGE VOLUMEMODE
docker-registry-pv 5Gi RWX Retain Bound docker-registry/docker-registry-pvc local-storage 26h Filesystem
ruoyi-mysql-data-pv 5Gi RWX Retain Bound ruoyi-basic/ruoyi-mysql-data-pvc local-storage 5m16s Filesystem
ruoyi-mysql-log-pv 5Gi RWX Retain Bound ruoyi-basic/ruoyi-mysql-log-pvc local-storage 5m16s Filesystem
# 获取配置信息
[root@k8s-master mysql]# kubectl get cm -n ruoyi-basic
NAME DATA AGE
kube-root-ca.crt 1 17m
ruoyi-mysql-configmap 1 17m
# 可通过以下命令查看编辑MySQL的配置
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl edit cm ruoyi-mysql-configmap -n ruoyi-basic
# 查看MySQL日志
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl logs ruoyi-mysql-8c779d94c-b7r9n -n ruoyi-basic
# 查看所有Pod,MySQL就绪
[root@k8s-master mysql]# kubectl get pod -A
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
docker-registry docker-registry-9bc898786-l477q 1/1 Running 1 17h
kube-system calico-kube-controllers-577f77cb5c-hv29w 1/1 Running 2 3d22h
kube-system calico-node-4fkrs 1/1 Running 0 3d22h
kube-system calico-node-d4tqq 1/1 Running 2 3d22h
kube-system calico-node-sdmm6 1/1 Running 4 3d22h
kube-system etcd-k8s-master 1/1 Running 9 5d9h
kube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-master 1/1 Running 9 5d9h
kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8s-master 1/1 Running 9 5d9h
kube-system kube-proxy-4789z 1/1 Running 0 5d9h
kube-system kube-proxy-7mt7k 1/1 Running 5 5d9h
kube-system kube-proxy-lqtpz 1/1 Running 2 5d9h
kube-system kube-scheduler-k8s-master 1/1 Running 10 5d9h
kubernetes-dashboard dashboard-metrics-scraper-79c5968bdc-j9bnv 1/1 Running 0 3d22h
kubernetes-dashboard kubernetes-dashboard-658485d5c7-pq7z8 1/1 Running 0 3d22h
ruoyi-basic ruoyi-mysql-8c779d94c-b7r9n 1/1 Running 0 4m3s
# MySQL对外暴露了端口,用于测试
[root@k8s-master mysql]# kubectl get svc -n ruoyi-basic -o wide
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR
ruoyi-mysql NodePort 10.96.58.67 <none> 3306:30306/TCP 4s io.kompose.service=ruoyi-mysql
验证MySQL服务
- 可以直接进入容器,通过
MySQL
自带的命令行客户端进行测试连接:mysql -uroot -p
。 - 可以使用
busybox
,验证集群内部是否可以正常连接MySQL
数据库。 - 由于暴露了服务端口30306,也可以通过远程的数据库客户端进行连接测试。
bash
# 进入mysql的服务,测试客户端连接:mysql -uroot -p
kubectl exec -it pod/ruoyi-mysql-8c779d94c-b7r9n -n ruoyi-basic -- /bin/bash
# 使用Busybox进行数据库连接测试;以服务名的方式
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl exec -it pod/busybox -- /bin/sh
/ # telnet ruoyi-mysql.ruoyi-basic.svc.cluster.local:3306
J
8.0.27,'~_xJ{��C~;f<*,mqlcaching_sha2_password
远程测试 MySQL
服务状态:
导入数据
若依提供了微服务用到的数据库脚本,在 MySQL
服务部署完成后可以通过 SQL
文件自行导入脚本。
小总结
这次我们先是借助 kompose
工具,实现对 dokcer-compose
的 yaml
到 K8S
的 yaml
的转换,经过简单的加工后即可应用部署;通过以上操作,成功将 MySQL 8.0
部署到了 K8S
集群,下一步我们安装下 Nacos v2.2.3
。
If you have any questions or any bugs are found, please feel free to contact me.
Your comments and suggestions are welcome!