17、GateWay和Sentinel继承实现服务限流

注：本篇文章主要参考周阳老师讲解的cloud进行整理的！

1、需求说明

cloudalibaba-sentinel-gateway9528 保护 cloudalibaba-provider-payment9001

2、启动nacos服务器8848

startup.cmd -m standalone

3、启动sentinel服务器8080

java -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.8.6.jar

4、步骤

4.1、建Modul

4.2、改POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.mui.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>cloud2024</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-sentinel-gateway9528</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
            <artifactId>sentinel-transport-simple-http</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
            <artifactId>sentinel-spring-cloud-gateway-adapter</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

4.3、写YML

server:
  port: 9528

spring:
  application:
    name: cloudalibaba-sentinel-gateway     # sentinel+gataway整合Case
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: pay_routh1 #pay_routh1                #路由的ID(类似mysql主键ID)，没有固定规则但要求唯一，建议配合服务名
          uri: http://localhost:9001                #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
          predicates:
            - Path=/pay/**                      # 断言，路径相匹配的进行路由

4.4、主启动

package com.dashun.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class Main9528 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Main9528.class, args);
    }
}

4.5、业务类

4.5.1、参考官网配置说明案例改写

https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/wiki/网关限流
https://sentinelguard.io/zh-cn/docs/api-gateway-flow-control.html

4.5.2、配置config

package com.mui.cloud.config;

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.adapter.gateway.common.rule.GatewayFlowRule;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.adapter.gateway.common.rule.GatewayRuleManager;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.adapter.gateway.sc.SentinelGatewayFilter;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.adapter.gateway.sc.callback.BlockRequestHandler;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.adapter.gateway.sc.callback.GatewayCallbackManager;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.adapter.gateway.sc.exception.SentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.ObjectProvider;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.codec.ServerCodecConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.BodyInserters;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.ServerResponse;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.result.view.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import java.util.*;

@Configuration
public class GatewayConfiguration {

    private final List<ViewResolver> viewResolvers;
    private final ServerCodecConfigurer serverCodecConfigurer;

    public GatewayConfiguration(ObjectProvider<List<ViewResolver>> viewResolversProvider, ServerCodecConfigurer serverCodecConfigurer) {
        this.viewResolvers = viewResolversProvider.getIfAvailable(Collections::emptyList);
        this.serverCodecConfigurer = serverCodecConfigurer;
    }

    @Bean
    @Order(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
    public SentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler sentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler() {
        // Register the block exception handler for Spring Cloud Gateway.
        return new SentinelGatewayBlockExceptionHandler(viewResolvers, serverCodecConfigurer);
    }

    @Bean
    @Order(-1)
    public GlobalFilter sentinelGatewayFilter() {
        return new SentinelGatewayFilter();
    }

    @PostConstruct //javax.annotation.PostConstruct
    public void doInit() {
        initBlockHandler();
    }


    //处理/自定义返回的例外信息
    private void initBlockHandler() {
        Set<GatewayFlowRule> rules = new HashSet<>();
        rules.add(new GatewayFlowRule("pay_routh1").setCount(2).setIntervalSec(1));

        GatewayRuleManager.loadRules(rules);
        BlockRequestHandler handler = new BlockRequestHandler() {
            @Override
            public Mono<ServerResponse> handleRequest(ServerWebExchange exchange, Throwable t) {
                Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();

                map.put("errorCode", HttpStatus.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS.getReasonPhrase());
                map.put("errorMessage", "请求太过频繁，系统忙不过来，触发限流(sentinel+gataway整合Case)");

                return ServerResponse.status(HttpStatus.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS).contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).body(BodyInserters.fromValue(map));
            }
        };
        GatewayCallbackManager.setBlockHandler(handler);
    }

}

5、测试

• 原生url

  • http://localhost:9001/pay/nacos/333

• 加网关

  • http://localhost:9528/pay/nacos/333

• sentine + gateway: 加快点击频率，出现限流容错