命令模式很好理解,举个例子,司令员下令让士兵去干件事情,从整个事情的角度来考虑,司令员的作用是,发出口令,口令经过传递,传到了士兵耳朵里,士兵去执行。这个过程好在,三者相互解耦,任何一方都不用去依赖其他人,只需要做好自己的事儿就行,司令员要的是结果,不会去关注到底士兵是怎么实现的。我们看看关系图:
Invoker是调用者(司令员),Receiver是被调用者(士兵),MyCommand是命令,实现了Command接口,持有接收对象,看实现代码:
[java] view plain copy
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public interface Command {
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public void exe();
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}
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public class MyCommand implements Command {
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private Receiver receiver;
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public MyCommand(Receiver receiver) {
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this.receiver = receiver;
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}
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@Override
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public void exe() {
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receiver.action();
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}
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}
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public class Receiver {
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public void action(){
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System.out.println("command received!");
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}
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}
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public class Invoker {
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private Command command;
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public Invoker(Command command) {
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this.command = command;
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}
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public void action(){
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command.exe();
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}
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}
[java] view plain copy -
public class Test {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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Receiver receiver = new Receiver();
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Command cmd = new MyCommand(receiver);
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Invoker invoker = new Invoker(cmd);
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invoker.action();
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}
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}
输出:command received!
这个很哈理解,命令模式的目的就是达到命令的发出者和执行者之间解耦,实现请求和执行分开,熟悉Struts的同学应该知道,Struts其实就是一种将请求和呈现分离的技术,其中必然涉及命令模式的思想!