unit4.web服务的部署及高级优化方案

搭建web服务器要求如下：

1.web服务器的主机ip：172.25.254.100

$root@server101 桌面$ # vmset.sh 100

连接已成功激活（D-Bus 活动路径：/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/3）

$root@server101 桌面$ # ifconfig

eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500

inet 172.25.254.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 172.25.254.255

inet6 fe80::9b83:9bbf:15db:3ba3 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>

ether 00:0c:29:4b:1a:e5 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)

RX packets 1403 bytes 2053091 (1.9 MiB)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 1038 bytes 60260 (58.8 KiB)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

2.web服务器的默认访问目录为/var/www/html，默认发布内容为default's page

(1)安装nginx.x86_64

$root@server101 桌面$ # dnf install nginx.x86_64 -y

已安装:

nginx-1:1.20.1-14.el9_2.1.x86_64

nginx-core-1:1.20.1-14.el9_2.1.x86_64

nginx-filesystem-1:1.20.1-14.el9_2.1.noarch

redhat-logos-httpd-90.4-2.el9.noarch

完毕！

（2）开启服务

$root@server101 \~$ # systemctl enable --now nginx.service

Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.

（3）关闭防火墙并查看状态

$root@server101 桌面$ # systemctl disable firewalld

$root@server101 桌面$ # systemctl stop firewalld

$root@server101 桌面$ # systemctl status firewalld

○ firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; prese>

Active: inactive (dead)

Docs: man:firewalld(1)

（3）编辑 vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

server {

listen 80;

listen $::$ :80;

server_name _;

#root /usr/share/nginx/html;

root /var/www/html;

index index.html;

（4）编辑完成后，wq退出保存，查错，无错后重启服务，查看访问目录，没有的话就创一个。

$root@server101 nginx$ # vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

$root@server101 nginx$ # nginx -t

nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

$root@server101 nginx$ # systemctl restart nginx.service

$root@server101 nginx$ # mkdir -p /var/www/html

$root@server101 nginx$ # echo default's page > /var/www/html/index.html

（5）测试：

$root@server101 nginx$ # curl 172.25.254.100

default's page

3.站点news.timinglee.org默认发布目录为/var/www/virtual/timinglee.org/news

默认发布内容为 news.timinglee.org

(1)编辑 vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

注释server顶部的include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

#include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

server {

listen 80;

listen $::$ :80;

server_name _;

随后复制一份到server的末端

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

}

include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

接着进入/etc/nginx/conf.d/，并进行编辑子目录文件

$root@server100 \~$ # vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

$root@server100 \~$ # cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/

$root@server100 conf.d$ # pwd

/etc/nginx/conf.d

$root@server100 conf.d$ # vim vhosts.conf

子目录内容

server {

listen 80;

server_name news.timinglee.org;

root /var/www/virtual/timinglee.org/news;

index index.html;

}

$root@server100 conf.d$ # mkdir -p /var/www/virtual/timinglee.org/news

创建默认发布内容

$root@server100 conf.d$ # echo news.timinglee.org > /var/www/virtual/timinglee.org/news/index.html

本地解析

$root@server101 conf.d$ # vim /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

172.25.254.100 server100.timinglee.org

测试

root@server101 ~]# curl news.timinglee.org

curl: (6) Could not resolve host: news.timinglee.org

4.站点login.timinglee.org在被访问时必须强制走加密协议，其默认发布目录为/var/www/virtual/timinglee.org/login

默认发布内容为login.timinglee.org

编辑子目录文件

server{

listen 80;

server_name login.timinglee.org;

root /var/www/virtual/timinglee.org/login;

index index.html;

}

创建发目录路径

$root@server100 conf.d$ # mkdir -p /var/www/virtual/timinglee.org/login

默认发布内容

root@server100 conf.d]# echo login.timinglee.org > /var/www/virtual/timinglee.org/login/index.html

创建加密文件

$root@server100 \~$ # mkdir /etc/nginx/certs

$root@server100 \~$ # openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -sha256 -keyout /etc/nginx/certs/timinglee.org.key -x509 -days 365 -out /etc/nginx/certs/timinglee.org.crt

..+.+...........+.......+.....+.......+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++*......+.......+...+........+....+...+......+..+...+....+..+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++*.......+.....+.............+..+....+..+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

.....+..+.......+........+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++*.+............+....+..+.......+...+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++*...+.....+....+..+...+......+.+......+.....+...............+....+.....+.+........+.........+............+....+.....+.+...+.....+.......+.....................+...+......+..............+......+.+...+.....+......+..........+...+..+.........+.+........+...+.......+...+.........+....................+.+........+.+......+.....+.............+..+.......+.....+.+......+...+...+.....+.......+..+...+......+.......+...+............+........+..........+...............+......+...+.....+.+.........+........+.........+...+......................+...+..+...+......+......+...............+.+............+..+...+......+.+...........+...+.......+........................+...+..+...+.......+......+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

into your certificate request.

What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

For some fields there will be a default value,

If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.

Country Name (2 letter code) $XX$ :CN

State or Province Name (full name) \[\]:Shanghai

Locality Name (eg, city) $Default City$ :Xi'an

Organization Name (eg, company) $Default Company Ltd$ :timinglee

Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) \[\]:webserver

Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) \[\]:www.timinglee.org

Email Address \[\]:admin@timinglee.org

接着编辑子目录文件

erver { listen 443 ssl;

server_name login.timinglee.org;

ssl_certificate "/etc/nginx/certs/timinglee.org.crt";

ssl_certificate_key "/etc/nginx/certs/timinglee.org.key";

root /var/www/virtual/timinglee.org/login;

index index.html;

}

强制加密

server {

listen 80;

server_name login.timinglee.org;

rewrite ^/(.*) $https://login.timinglee.org/$ 1 permanent;

检错

$root@server101 conf.d$ # nginx -t

nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

无误后重启服务

$root@server101 conf.d$ # systemctl restart nginx.service