AJAX——案例_天气预报

天气预报案例

步骤

获取北京市天气数据，展示

搜索城市列表，展示

点击城市，显示对应天气数据
index.css代码

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html,
body {
  height: 100%;
}

body {
  background-image: linear-gradient(135deg, #50B1FF 0%, #1F57D6 100%);
}

.container {
  width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  height: 100%;
}

/* 顶部 */
.top-box {
  display: flex;
  padding: 50px;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

/* 日期 */
.top-box .title .data {
  color: white;
  margin-right: 20px;
}

/* 农历 */
.top-box .title .calendar {
  opacity: .72;
}

/* 搜索区域 */
.search-box {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
}

.search-box .location {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  margin-right: 20px;
  font-size: 16px;
}

.search-box .location img {
  width: 20px;
  height: 20px;
  margin-right: 7.1px;
}

.search-box .search-city {
  width: 234px;
  height: 32px;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding-left: 10px;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .2);
  color: white;
  font-size: 14px;
}

.search {
  position: relative;
}

/* 搜索列表 */
.search-list {
  width: 100%;
  height: 200px;
  overflow-y: scroll;
  background-color: #fff;
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 40px;
  display: none;
}
.search-list.show{
  display: block;
}
.search-list::-webkit-scrollbar{
  display: none;
}
.search-list li{
  color: black;
  font-size: 14px;
  padding: 15px 10px;
}
.search-list li:hover{
  background-color: lightgray;
}

/* 当前天气 */
.weather-box {
  display: flex;
  padding-left: 50px;
  align-items: flex-end;
}

.weather-box .tem-box {
  margin-right: 42px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.weather-box .tem-box .temp span{
  font-size: 90px;
  display: inline-block;
  height: 100px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  line-height: 100px;
}

.climate-box .air {
  display: inline;
  padding: 5px 10px;
  height: 32px;
  border-radius: 16px;
  background: #65D45A;
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 32px;
  font-family: PingFangSC-Medium;
  font-size: 18px;
  color: #FFFFFF;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.climate-box .weather-list {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  margin-top: 21px;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.climate-box .weather-list li img {
  width: 20px;
  height: 20px;
}

.climate-box .weather-list li {
  margin-right: 20px;
}

.climate-box .weather-list li,
.climate-box .weather-list span {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  font-size: 16px;
}

/* 今日详细天气 */
.today-weather{
  display: flex;
  padding-left: 50px;
}
.today-weather .range-box,
.today-weather .range {
  font-size: 16px;
}

.today-weather .sun-list {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  margin-left: 50px;
}

.today-weather .sun-list li {
  font-size: 16px;
  margin-right: 42px;
}

/* 周天气预报 */
.week-weather-box {
  height: 382px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  background-color: #fff;
  width: 1039px;
  margin: 30px auto;
  padding: 30px;
}
.week-weather-box .title {
  font-size: 20px;
  color: #3A475A;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  font-weight: 600;
}
/* 列表 */
.week-wrap {
  display: flex;
  margin: 0 auto;
  margin-top: 30px;
}
.week-wrap .item {
  width: 150px;
  height: 254px;
  cursor: pointer;
  text-align: center;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  padding-top: 30px;
}
.week-wrap .item:hover {
  background: #F7FAFF;
  border-radius: 10px;
}

.week-wrap .item span{
  color: #393F48;
}

.week-wrap .item .date-box {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.week-wrap .item .date-box .dateFormat {
  font-size: 16px;
  color: #393F48;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-align: center;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.week-wrap .item .date-box .date {
  font-size: 16px;
  color: #88909D;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-align: center;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.week-wrap .item img {
  width: 46px;
  height: 46px;
  margin: 12px 0 12px;
}

.week-wrap .item .weather {
  font-size: 16px;
  color: #393F48;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-align: center;
  font-weight: 400;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.week-wrap .item .temp  {
  font-size: 14px;
  color: #393F48;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-align: center;
  font-weight: 500;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.week-wrap .item .wind span {
  font-size: 14px;
  color: #676C74;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-align: center;
  font-weight: 400;
}

reset.css代码

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* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  font-size: 18px;
  ;
  color: white;
}

body,
ul,
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
  font-size: 100%;
  font-weight: normal;
}

a {
  text-decoration: none;
}

ul {
  list-style: none;
}

img {
  border: 0px;
}

input {
  appearance: none;
  outline: none;
}

input::-webkit-input-placeholder {
  /* WebKit, Blink, Edge */

  color: #E6EBFF;

}

:-moz-placeholder {
  /* Mozilla Firefox 4 to 18 */

  color: #E6EBFF;

}

::-moz-placeholder {
  /* Mozilla Firefox 19+ */

  color: #E6EBFF;

}

input:-ms-input-placeholder {
  /* Internet Explorer 10-11 */

  color: #E6EBFF;

}

input::-ms-input-placeholder {
  /* Microsoft Edge */

  color: #E6EBFF;

}

/* 清除浮动，解决margin-top塌陷 */
.clearfix:before,
.clearfix:after {
  content: '';
  display: table;
}

.clearfix:after {
  clear: both;
}

.clearfix {
  zoom: 1;
}

.fl {
  float: left;
}

.fr {
  float: right;
}

index.js代码

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/**
 * 目标1：默认显示-北京市天气
 *  1.1 获取北京市天气数据
 *  1.2 数据展示到页面
 */
// 获取并渲染城市天气函数
function getWeather(cityCode) {
    // 1.1 获取北京市天气数据
    myAxios({
      url: 'http://hmajax.itheima.net/api/weather',
      params: {
        city: cityCode
      }
    }).then(result => {
      console.log(result)
      const wObj = result.data
      // 1.2 数据展示到页面
      // 阳历和农历日期
      const dateStr = `<span class="dateShort">${wObj.date}</span>
      <span class="calendar">农历&nbsp;
        <span class="dateLunar">${wObj.dateLunar}</span>
      </span>`
      document.querySelector('.title').innerHTML = dateStr
      // 城市名字
      document.querySelector('.area').innerHTML = wObj.area
      // 当天气温
      const nowWStr = `<div class="tem-box">
      <span class="temp">
        <span class="temperature">${wObj.temperature}</span>
        <span>°</span>
      </span>
    </div>
    <div class="climate-box">
      <div class="air">
        <span class="psPm25">${wObj.psPm25}</span>
        <span class="psPm25Level">${wObj.psPm25Level}</span>
      </div>
      <ul class="weather-list">
        <li>
          <img src="${wObj.weatherImg}" class="weatherImg" alt="">
          <span class="weather">${wObj.weather}</span>
        </li>
        <li class="windDirection">${wObj.windDirection}</li>
        <li class="windPower">${wObj.windPower}</li>
      </ul>
    </div>`
      document.querySelector('.weather-box').innerHTML = nowWStr
      // 当天天气
      const twObj = wObj.todayWeather
      const todayWStr = `<div class="range-box">
      <span>今天：</span>
      <span class="range">
        <span class="weather">${twObj.weather}</span>
        <span class="temNight">${twObj.temNight}</span>
        <span>-</span>
        <span class="temDay">${twObj.temDay}</span>
        <span>℃</span>
      </span>
    </div>
    <ul class="sun-list">
      <li>
        <span>紫外线</span>
        <span class="ultraviolet">${twObj.ultraviolet}</span>
      </li>
      <li>
        <span>湿度</span>
        <span class="humidity">${twObj.humidity}</span>%
      </li>
      <li>
        <span>日出</span>
        <span class="sunriseTime">${twObj.sunriseTime}</span>
      </li>
      <li>
        <span>日落</span>
        <span class="sunsetTime">${twObj.sunsetTime}</span>
      </li>
    </ul>`
      document.querySelector('.today-weather').innerHTML = todayWStr
  
      // 7日天气预报数据展示
      const dayForecast = wObj.dayForecast
      const dayForecastStr = dayForecast.map(item => {
        return `<li class="item">
        <div class="date-box">
          <span class="dateFormat">${item.dateFormat}</span>
          <span class="date">${item.date}</span>
        </div>
        <img src="${item.weatherImg}" alt="" class="weatherImg">
        <span class="weather">${item.weather}</span>
        <div class="temp">
          <span class="temNight">${item.temNight}</span>-
          <span class="temDay">${item.temDay}</span>
          <span>℃</span>
        </div>
        <div class="wind">
          <span class="windDirection">${item.windDirection}</span>
          <span class="windPower">${item.windPower}</span>
        </div>
      </li>`
      }).join('')
      // console.log(dayForecastStr)
      document.querySelector('.week-wrap').innerHTML = dayForecastStr
    })
  }
  
  // 默认进入网页-就要获取天气数据（北京市城市编码：'110100'）
  getWeather('110100')
  
  /**
   * 目标2：搜索城市列表
   *  2.1 绑定input事件，获取关键字
   *  2.2 获取展示城市列表数据
   */
  // 2.1 绑定input事件，获取关键字
  document.querySelector('.search-city').addEventListener('input', (e) => {
    console.log(e.target.value)
    // 2.2 获取展示城市列表数据
    myAxios({
      url: 'http://hmajax.itheima.net/api/weather/city',
      params: {
        city: e.target.value
      }
    }).then(result => {
      console.log(result)
      const liStr = result.data.map(item => {
        return `<li class="city-item" data-code="${item.code}">${item.name}</li>`
      }).join('')
      console.log(liStr)
      document.querySelector('.search-list').innerHTML = liStr
    })
  })
  
  /**
   * 目标3：切换城市天气
   *  3.1 绑定城市点击事件，获取城市code值
   *  3.2 调用获取并展示天气的函数
   */
  // 3.1 绑定城市点击事件，获取城市code值
  document.querySelector('.search-list').addEventListener('click', e => {
    if (e.target.classList.contains('city-item')) {
      // 只有点击城市li才会走这里
      const cityCode = e.target.dataset.code
      console.log(cityCode)
      // 3.2 调用获取并展示天气的函数
      getWeather(cityCode)
    }
  })

my-axios.js代码

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function myAxios(config) {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest()
    if (config.params) {
      const paramsObj = new URLSearchParams(config.params)
      const queryString = paramsObj.toString()
      config.url += `?${queryString}`
    }
    xhr.open(config.method || 'GET', config.url)
    xhr.addEventListener('loadend', () => {
      if (xhr.status >= 200 && xhr.status < 300) {
        resolve(JSON.parse(xhr.response))
      } else {
        reject(new Error(xhr.response))
      }
    })
    if (config.data) {
      const jsonStr = JSON.stringify(config.data)
      xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json')
      xhr.send(jsonStr)
    } else {
      xhr.send()
    }
  })
}

search.js代码

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// 控制搜索列表，显示/隐藏
const searchList = document.querySelector('.search-list')
// 输入框内容改变时，有城市关键字出现列表，没有则不出现列表
document.querySelector('.search-city').addEventListener('input', e => {
  if (e.target.value.length > 0) {
    searchList.classList.add('show')
  } else {
    searchList.classList.remove('show')
  }
})
// 输入框失焦，隐藏搜索列表
document.querySelector('.search-city').addEventListener('blur', e => {
  // 延迟消失，保证点击获取到城市code后，再隐藏下拉列表
  setTimeout(() => {
    searchList.classList.remove('show')
  }, 500)
})
// 输入框聚焦，显示搜索列表
document.querySelector('.search-city').addEventListener('focus', e => {
  if (e.target.value.length > 0) {
    searchList.classList.add('show')
  }
})

index.html代码

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/reset.css">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/index.css">
  <title>案例_天气预报</title>
</head>

<body>
  <div class="container">
    <!-- 顶部 -->
    <div class="top-box">
      <div class="title">
        <span class="dateShort">10月28日</span>
        <span class="calendar">农历&nbsp;
          <span class="dateLunar">十月初四</span>
        </span>
      </div>
      <div class="search-box">
        <div class="location">
          <img src="./imgs/定位.png" alt="">
          <span class="area">城市名</span>
        </div>
        <!-- 搜索框+搜索列表 -->
        <div class="search">
          <input type="text" class="search-city" placeholder="搜索城市">
          <ul class="search-list">
            <li class="city-item">北京市</li>
          </ul>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <!-- 当前天气 -->
    <div class="weather-box">
      <div class="tem-box">
        <span class="temp">
          <span class="temperature">12</span>
          <span>°</span>
        </span>
      </div>
      <div class="climate-box">
        <div class="air">
          <span class="psPm25">55</span>
          <span class="psPm25Level">良</span>
        </div>
        <ul class="weather-list">
          <li>
            <img src="./imgs/小雨-line.png" class="weatherImg" alt="">
            <span class="weather">多云</span>
          </li>
          <li class="windDirection">东南风</li>
          <li class="windPower">2级</li>
        </ul>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="today-weather">
      <div class="range-box">
        <span>今天：</span>
        <span class="range">
          <span class="weather">晴</span>
          <span class="temNight">9</span>
          <span>-</span>
          <span class="temDay">14</span>
          <span>℃</span>
        </span>
      </div>
      <ul class="sun-list">
        <li>
          <span>紫外线</span>
          <span class="ultraviolet">强</span>
        </li>
        <li>
          <span>湿度</span>
          <span class="humidity">53</span>%
        </li>
        <li>
          <span>日出</span>
          <span class="sunriseTime">06:38</span>
        </li>
        <li>
          <span>日落</span>
          <span class="sunsetTime">17:18</span>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </div>
    <!-- 周天气预报 -->
    <div class="week-weather-box">
      <div class="title">7日内天气预报</div>
      <ul class="week-wrap">
        <li class="item">
          <div class="date-box">
            <span class="dateFormat">今天</span>
            <span class="date">10月28日</span>
          </div>
          <img src="./imgs/多云.png" alt="" class="weatherImg">
          <span class="weather">多云</span>
          <div class="temp">
            <span class="temNight">12</span>-
            <span class="temDay">12</span>
            <span>℃</span>
          </div>
          <div class="wind">
            <span class="windDirection">东南风</span>
            <span class="windPower">&lt;3级</span>
          </div>
        </li>
        <li class="item">
          <div class="date-box">
            <span class="dateFormat">今天</span>
            <span class="date">10月28日</span>
          </div>
          <img src="./imgs/多云.png" alt="" class="weatherImg">
          <span class="weather">多云</span>
          <div class="temp">
            <span class="temDay">12</span>-
            <span class="temNight">12</span>
            <span>℃</span>
          </div>
          <div class="wind">
            <span class="windDirection">东南风</span>
            <span class="windPower">&lt;3级</span>
          </div>
        </li>
        <li class="item">
          <div class="date-box">
            <span class="dateFormat">今天</span>
            <span class="date">10月28日</span>
          </div>
          <img src="./imgs/多云.png" alt="" class="weatherImg">
          <span class="weather">多云</span>
          <div class="temp">
            <span class="temDay">12</span>-
            <span class="temNight">12</span>
            <span>℃</span>
          </div>
          <div class="wind">
            <span class="windDirection">东南风</span>
            <span class="windPower">&lt;3级</span>
          </div>
        </li>
        <li class="item">
          <div class="date-box">
            <span class="dateFormat">今天</span>
            <span class="date">10月28日</span>
          </div>
          <img src="./imgs/多云.png" alt="" class="weatherImg">
          <span class="weather">多云</span>
          <div class="temp">
            <span class="temDay">12</span>-
            <span class="temNight">12</span>
            <span>℃</span>
          </div>
          <div class="wind">
            <span class="windDirection">东南风</span>
            <span class="windPower">&lt;3级</span>
          </div>
        </li>
        <li class="item">
          <div class="date-box">
            <span class="dateFormat">今天</span>
            <span class="date">10月28日</span>
          </div>
          <img src="./imgs/多云.png" alt="" class="weatherImg">
          <span class="weather">多云</span>
          <div class="temp">
            <span class="temDay">12</span>-
            <span class="temNight">12</span>
            <span>℃</span>
          </div>
          <div class="wind">
            <span class="windDirection">东南风</span>
            <span class="windPower">&lt;3级</span>
          </div>
        </li>
        <li class="item">
          <div class="date-box">
            <span class="dateFormat">今天</span>
            <span class="date">10月28日</span>
          </div>
          <img src="./imgs/多云.png" alt="" class="weatherImg">
          <span class="weather">多云</span>
          <div class="temp">
            <span class="temDay">12</span>-
            <span class="temNight">12</span>
            <span>℃</span>
          </div>
          <div class="wind">
            <span class="windDirection">东南风</span>
            <span class="windPower">&lt;3级</span>
          </div>
        </li>
        <li class="item">
          <div class="date-box">
            <span class="dateFormat">今天</span>
            <span class="date">10月28日</span>
          </div>
          <img src="./imgs/多云.png" alt="" class="weatherImg">
          <span class="weather">多云</span>
          <div class="temp">
            <span class="temDay">12</span>-
            <span class="temNight">12</span>
            <span>℃</span>
          </div>
          <div class="wind">
            <span class="windDirection">东南风</span>
            <span class="windPower">&lt;3级</span>
          </div>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </div>
  </div>
  <!-- 自己封装myAxios函数 -->
  <script src="./js/my-axios.js"></script>
  <!-- 搜索框+下拉菜单出现逻辑 -->
  <script src="./js/search.js"></script>
  <!-- 核心js -->
  <script src="./js/index.js"></script>
</body>

</html>