文章目录
-
- [1. chown 命令说明](#1. chown 命令说明)
- [2. chown 命令语法](#2. chown 命令语法)
- [3. chown 命令示例](#3. chown 命令示例)
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- [3.1 修改属主](#3.1 修改属主)
- [3.2 修改属组](#3.2 修改属组)
- [3.3 修改属主和属组](#3.3 修改属主和属组)
- [3.4 修改文件夹所属](#3.4 修改文件夹所属)
- [4. 总结](#4. 总结)
1. chown 命令说明
chown：更改文件的用户或用户组，需要 root 用户或 sudo 权限的用户执行该命令。基本信息如下：
shell
Usage: chown [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE...
or: chown [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP.
With --reference, change the owner and group of each FILE to those of RFILE.
-c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made
-f, --silent, --quiet suppress most error messages
-v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed
--dereference affect the referent of each symbolic link (this is
the default), rather than the symbolic link itself
-h, --no-dereference affect symbolic links instead of any referenced file
(useful only on systems that can change the
ownership of a symlink)
--from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP
change the owner and/or group of each file only if
its current owner and/or group match those specified
here. Either may be omitted, in which case a match
is not required for the omitted attribute
--no-preserve-root do not treat '/' specially (the default)
--preserve-root fail to operate recursively on '/'
--reference=RFILE use RFILE's owner and group rather than
specifying OWNER:GROUP values
-R, --recursive operate on files and directories recursively
The following options modify how a hierarchy is traversed when the -R
option is also specified. If more than one is specified, only the final
one takes effect.
-H if a command line argument is a symbolic link
to a directory, traverse it
-L traverse every symbolic link to a directory
encountered
-P do not traverse any symbolic links (default)
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
Owner is unchanged if missing. Group is unchanged if missing, but changed
to login group if implied by a ':' following a symbolic OWNER.
OWNER and GROUP may be numeric as well as symbolic.
Examples:
chown root /u Change the owner of /u to "root".
chown root:staff /u Likewise, but also change its group to "staff".
chown -hR root /u Change the owner of /u and subfiles to "root".
GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
For complete documentation, run: info coreutils 'chown invocation'参数如下：
| 选项 | 作用 |
|---|---|
| -c | 只有真正更改时才会显示信息 |
| -f | 忽略错误信息 |
| -h | 修复符号链接 |
| -v | 显示详细的处理信息 |
| -R | 处理文件夹及文件夹中所有文件、子文件夹 |
| -H | 配合 -R ，如果命令行参数是指向目录的符号链接，则遍历它 |
| -L | 配合 -R ，遍历遇到的每个指向目录的符号链接 |
| -P | 配合 -R ，不遍历任何符号链接（默认） |
2. chown 命令语法
shell
chown [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE3. chown 命令示例
3.1 修改属主
shell
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 root root 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]# chown test1 a.txt
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 test1 root 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]# 
3.2 修改属组
修改属组需要加冒号
shell
[root@localhost aaa]# chown :test1 a.txt
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 test1 test1 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]# id test2
uid=1015(test2) gid=1015(test2) groups=1015(test2)
[root@localhost aaa]# chown 1015 a.txt
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 test2 test1 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]# 
3.3 修改属主和属组
shell
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 test2 test1 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]# chown test1:test2 a.txt
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 test1 test2 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]# 
3.4 修改文件夹所属
修改文件夹时，若不加 -R 选项，会只修改该文件夹的所属，加 -R 会将该文件夹下所有内容一起修改。
shell
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 test1 test2 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]# chown test1:test1 bbb/
[root@localhost aaa]# ll
total 0
-r--rw-r--. 1 test1 test2 0 May 17 08:52 a.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 3 test1 test1 30 Jun 3 12:44 bbb
[root@localhost aaa]# cd bbb/
[root@localhost bbb]# ll
total 0
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 Jun 3 12:44 1.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root 6 Jun 3 12:38 ccc
[root@localhost bbb]# cd ..
[root@localhost aaa]# chown -R test1:test1 bbb/
[root@localhost aaa]# cd bbb/
[root@localhost bbb]# ll
total 0
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 test1 test1 0 Jun 3 12:44 1.txt
drwxrwxrwx. 2 test1 test1 6 Jun 3 12:38 ccc
[root@localhost bbb]# 
4. 总结
chown：更改文件的用户或用户组，常用命令
shell
chown 属主:属组 文件若是想同步改变文件夹的内容所属，则加上 -R。