文章目录
RecyclerView是官方在5.0之后新添加的控件,推出用来替代ListView和GridView的列表控件。为了保证RecyclerView在所有Android系统版本上都能使用。Google将RecyclerView控件定义在了AndroidX中,只需要在项目的build.gradle中添加RecyclerView库的依赖,就能保证在所有Android系统版本上都可以使用RecyclerView控件了。RecyclerView会回收视图重复利用。当列表滚动展示区域之外(宽度或高度超出父容器)时,RecyclerView不会销毁视图,而是将视图置于列表滑动方向准备显示的那端。这种渲染方式可以显著提高性能。
导入依赖
file→Project Structure...→Dependencies→ app→ + → Library Dependency。
输入androidx.recyclerview
,然后点击Search。
简单使用
修改activity_main.xml中的代码。在布局中加入RecyclerView控件也是非常简单的,先为RecyclerView指定一个id,然后将宽度和高度都设置为match_parent,这样RecyclerView就占满了整个布局的空间。需要注意的是,由于RecyclerView并不是内置在系统SDK当中的,所以需要把完整的包路径写出来。
xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/recyclerView"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</LinearLayout>
自定义布局fruit_item.xml。
xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="60dp">
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/fruitImage"
android:layout_width="40dp"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/fruitName"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dp" />
</LinearLayout>
编写Fruit类。
java
public class Fruit {
private String name;
private int imageId;
public Fruit(String name,int imageId){
this.name = name;
this.imageId = imageId;
}
public String getName(){
return name;
}
public int getImageId(){
return imageId;
}
}
创建一个继承自ArrayAdapter的自定义适配器FruitAdapter。
java
public class FruitAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder> {
private List<Fruit> mFruitList;
static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
ImageView fruitImage;
TextView fruitName;
public ViewHolder(View view){
super(view);
fruitImage = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruitImage);
fruitName = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.fruitName);
}
}
public FruitAdapter(List<Fruit> fruitList){
mFruitList = fruitList;
}
@Override
public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.fruit_item, parent, false);
ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view);
return holder;
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position){
Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
holder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
holder.fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
}
@Override
public int getItemCount(){
return mFruitList.size();
}
}
最后修改MainActivity中的代码。
java
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initFruits(); // 初始化数据
RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recyclerView);
LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
}
private void initFruits(){
for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++){
Fruit apple = new Fruit("Apple", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
fruitList.add(apple);
Fruit banana = new Fruit("banana", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
fruitList.add(banana);
Fruit orange = new Fruit("orange", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
fruitList.add(orange);
Fruit waternelon = new Fruit("waternelon", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
fruitList.add(waternelon);
Fruit pear = new Fruit("pear", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
fruitList.add(pear);
Fruit grape = new Fruit("grape", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
fruitList.add(grape);
Fruit pineapple = new Fruit("pineapple", R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
fruitList.add(pineapple);
}
}
}
实现横向滚动
修改自定义布局fruit_item.xml。
java
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
<!--修改部分-->
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="80dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<!--修改部分-->
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/fruitImage"
android:layout_width="40dp"
android:layout_height="40dp"
<!--修改部分-->
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
<!--修改部分-->
<TextView
android:id="@+id/fruitName"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
<!--修改部分-->
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp" />
<!--修改部分-->
</LinearLayout>
修改MainActivity中的代码。传入LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL表示让布局横行排列
java
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initFruits(); // 初始化数据
RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recyclerView);
LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
// 新加代码
layoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);
// --------
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
}
瀑布式
修改自定义布局fruit_item.xml。
xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_margin="5dp">
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/fruitImage"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/fruitName"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="left"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp" />
</LinearLayout>
修改自定义布局fruit_item.xml。
java
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initFruits(); // 初始化数据
RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recyclerView);
/*LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
layoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);*/
StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager = new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3,StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
}