1.环境python2,Python
最新安装3.12可以使用源码安装
查看安装包
root@python001 \~\]# yum list installed \| grep epel
3\[root@python001 \~\]# yum list installed \| grep python
\[root@python001 \~\]# yum -y install python3 安装python3
查看版本
\[root@python001 \~\]# python3 --version
Python 3.6.8
\[root@python001 \~\]# python3 进入编辑页面,也会进入到python2中
Python 3.6.8 (default, Nov 14 2023, 16:29:52)
\[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)\] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
\>\>\> print("hello world")
hello world
判断其变量类型
\>\>\> a=3
\>\>\> b="abc"
\>\>\> type(a)
\
3.list(tuple)
4.Tuple(list)
4.[]列表,{}字典,()元组
5.List()可以吧dict的key生成一个列表
6.list可以吧tupl变成列表
7.tupl可以吧dic和list变成元组





python
>>> tupl0
(1, 2, 3, 4)
>>> tupl0[0]
1
>>> tupl0[1]
2
>>> tupl0[1]=666
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
>>> aa=list(tupl0)
>>> aa
[1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> dict1={"a":1,"b":2,"c":3}
>>> dict1.keys
<built-in method keys of dict object at 0x7fe9aa9f9558>
>>> dict1.keys()
dict_keys(['a', 'b', 'c'])
>>> dict1.items()
dict_items([('a', 1), ('b', 2), ('c', 3)])
>>> dict([("a",1),("b",2)])
{'a': 1, 'b': 2}
4.选择语句和循环语句
1.选择语句
1.if

1.缩进是必须的
python
if condition0:
statement0;
if condition:
block1;
else:
block2;
else:
statement1;

python
[root@python001 ~]# cat py003.py
import random
n=random.randint(50,100)
print("随机数值为",n)
if n>90:
print("优秀")
else:
if n>80:
print("良好")
else:
if n>70:
print("中等")
else:
if n>59:
print("及格")
else:
print("不及格")
root@python001 \~\]# python3 py003.py 随机数值为 87 良好 \[root@python001 \~\]# python3 py003.py 随机数值为 53 不及格 \[root@python001 \~\]# python3 py003.py 随机数值为 70 及格 2.swith插槽 2.循环语句 1.for ```python >>> range(9) range(0, 9) >>> list(range(9)) [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8] >>> for i id( import input( is issubclass( if in int( isinstance( iter( >>> for i in range(9): ... print(i) ... 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 for i in range(101): #0-100 n=n+i print(n) #1-100数字累加 #在列表中循环 for var in ["a","b","c"]: print(var) #在字典中遍历 d={"id":1001,"name":"zhangsan","gender":"女","age":18} for var in d: print(var) #将这个字典中的额key都输出的 print(d[var]) #根据key返回对应的value值 for var in d.keys(): print(var) print(d[var]) #在元组中的遍历 tupl0=("a","b","c") for var in tupl0: print(var) ``` 案例 ```python >>> b=list(range(101)) >>> b [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100] >>> for i in b: ... if i%7==0: ... print(i,"可以被七整除") ... 0 可以被七整除 7 可以被七整除 14 可以被七整除 21 可以被七整除 28 可以被七整除 35 可以被七整除 42 可以被七整除 49 可以被七整除 56 可以被七整除 63 可以被七整除 70 可以被七整除 77 可以被七整除 84 可以被七整除 91 可以被七整除 98 可以被七整除 ``` 2.while ```python while condition: block continue,break; # 指令 vim 001.py # 执⾏py脚本 python3 001.py # 调试py脚本 python3 -m pdb 001.py # 输⼊n按回⻋执⾏下⼀⾏代码 # 输⼊q退出调试 5.常⽤的⼯具api # ⽣成随机 import random n=random.randint(0,10) # 创建⽬录 import os os.mkdir("/opt/aaa/") ```