前言
本篇文章属于stm32单片机(以下简称单片机)的学习笔记,来源于B站教学视频。下面是这位up主的视频链接。本文为个人学习笔记,只能做参考,细节方面建议观看视频,肯定受益匪浅。
STM32入门教程-2023版 细致讲解 中文字幕_哔哩哔哩_bilibili
一、 stm32中断
二、NVIC基本结构
三、NVIC优先级分组
四、EXTI简介
五、EXTI基本结构
六、AFIO复用IO口
七、EXTI框图
八、旋转编码器介绍
不同方向转动编码器会产生如下波形
九、实例一(对射式红外传感器计次)
- 写初始化函数
(1)配置时钟(GPIO口和AFIO口的)(EXTI和NVIC的时钟自动是开启的,其中因为NVIC是内核的外设,RCC管的是内核外的外设)
(2)配置GPIO口
(3)配置AFIO外部中断引脚选择
(4)配置EXTI,EXTI初始化
(5)配置NVIC
2.中断函数
去启动文件找中断函数的函数名
CountSensor.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
uint16_t CountSensor_Count;
void CountSensor_Init(void)
{
//开启时钟
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE);
//配置GPIO口
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_14;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
//配置AFIO外部中断引脚选择
GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource14);
//配置EXTI
EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStructure;
EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line14;
EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE;
EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;
EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Rising;//不遮挡时,灯亮,发送0;遮挡时,灯灭,发送1
EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure);
//配置NVIC
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI15_10_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}
uint16_t CountSensor_Get(void)
{
return CountSensor_Count;
}
void EXTI15_10_IRQHandler(void)
{
if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line14) == SET)
{
Delay_ms(500);
CountSensor_Count++;
EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line14);
}
}
十、实例二(旋转编码器计次)
- 写初始化函数
同上
2.两个中断函数来判断旋转的方向
Encoder.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
int16_t Encoder_Count;
/**
* @brief 旋转编码器初始化
* @param 无
* @retval 无
*/
void Encoder_Init(void)
{
//开启时钟
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE);
//配置GPIO口
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0 | GPIO_Pin_1;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
//配置AFIO外部中断引脚选择
GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource0);
GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource1);
//配置EXTI
EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStructure;
EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line0 | EXTI_Line1;
EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE;
EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt;
EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling;
EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure);
//配置NVIC
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI0_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI1_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 2;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}
/**
* @brief 获取计数值
* @param 无
* @retval Temp,计数值
*/
int16_t Encoder_Get(void)
{
int16_t Temp;
Temp = Encoder_Count;
Encoder_Count = 0;
return Temp;
}
/**
* @brief PB0口中断函数
* @param 无
* @retval 无
*/
void EXTI0_IRQHandler(void)
{
if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line0) == SET)
{
if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_1)==0)
{
Encoder_Count--;
}
EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line0);
}
}
/**
* @brief PB1口中断函数
* @param 无
* @retval 无
*/
void EXTI1_IRQHandler(void)
{
if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line1) == SET)
{
if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_0)==0)
{
Encoder_Count++;
}
EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line1);
}
}