Java-图书管理系统

努力进修2024-10-27 8:05

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欢迎来到我的Java图书管理系统，接下来让我们一同探索如何书写图书管理系统吧！

1管理端和用户端

2建立相关的三个包（book、operation、user）

3建立程序入口Main类

4程序运行

1.首先图书馆管理系统分为管理员端 和用户端

1.1管理员端：AdminUser::menu()
------------------------------------------------------管理员菜单------------------------------------------------------

  • 1.查找图书
  • 2.新增图书
  • 3.删除图书
  • 4.显示图书
  • 0.退出图书
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.2用户端：NormalUser::menu()

------------------------------------------------------用户端----------------------------------------------------------

  • 1.查找图书
  • 2.借阅图书
  • 3.归还图书
  • 0.退出系统
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.建立三个包（book（书相关的包），operation（操作相关的包），user（使用者相关的包））

2.1再在book包里面建立Book（书籍对象）和BookList（书架）类
Book

java 复制代码 
package book;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User：Lenovo
 * Date:2024-10-26
 * Time:12:39
 */
public class Book{
    private String name;//书籍名称
    private String author;//作者
    private int price;//价格
    private String taye;//类型
    private boolean isBorrowed;;//是否被借出

    public Book(String name, String author, int price, String taye) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.price = price;
        this.taye = taye;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public int getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(int price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

这里可以通过快捷键alt+insert快速构造成员方法，也可以快速构建get和set

BookList

java 复制代码 
package book;
import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User：Lenovo
 * Date:2024-10-26
 * Time:12:38
 */

public class BookList {

    private Book[] books; //存放书籍
    private static final int DEFAULT_SIZE = 10;

    private int usedSize; // 有效书籍的个数

    //private int xxxx;

    public BookList() {
        this.books = new Book[DEFAULT_SIZE];
        //预先存3本书
        this.books[0] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",19,"武侠");
        this.books[1] = new Book("西游记","吴承恩",20,"神话");
        this.books[2] = new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",15,"小说");

        this.usedSize = 3;
    }

    public Book[] getBooks() {
        return books;
    }

    public int getUsedSize() {
        return usedSize;
    }

    public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
        this.usedSize = usedSize;
    }

    //.....还有待补充的

    public Book getBook(int pos) {
        return books[pos];
    }

    public void setBooks(int pos,Book book) {
        books[pos] = book;
    }
}

2.2在operation包里面建立AddBook、 BorrowedBook、DelBook、ExitBook、FindBook ReturnBook、ShowBook类，IOPeration（接口）；
AddBook

java 复制代码 
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User：Lenovo
 * Date:2024-10-26
 * Time:13:17
 */
public class AddBook implements IOPeration{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("新增图书....");

        /*if(isFull(bookList)) {
            System.out.println("书架满了....");
            return;
        }*/

       /* if(isFull(bookList)) {
            //扩容的代码 Arrays.copyOf();
        }*/

        //1. 整理书籍的信息
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入书籍的名称：");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.println("请输入书籍的作者：");
        String author = scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.println("请输入书籍的价格：");
        int price = scanner.nextInt();
        scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.println("请输入书籍的类型：");
        String type = scanner.nextLine();

        Book book = new Book(name,author,price,type);

        //2.如果书架有这本书 则不能上架
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book tmp = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(tmp.getName().equals(name)) {
                System.out.println("有这本书，可以不上架！！");
                return;
            }
        }
        //3.没有这本书 则放到书籍数组当中
        bookList.setBooks(currentSize,book);

        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize+1);
    }


    private boolean isFull(BookList bookList) {
        return bookList.getBooks().length ==
                bookList.getUsedSize();
    }
}

BorrowedBook

java 复制代码 
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User：Lenovo
 * Date:2024-10-26
 * Time:13:22
 */
public class BorrowedBook implements IOPeration{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("借阅图书....");
        System.out.println("请输入你要借阅的图书：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();

        //1.先遍历数组 查找是否存在要借阅的图书
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
                //2.如果存在 检查 是否已经被借出
                if(book.isBorrowed()) {
                    System.out.println("这本书已经被借出了！");
                }else {
                    //3. 如果没有借出 可以借
                    book.setBorrowed(true);
                    System.out.println(book);
                    System.out.println("借阅成功！！");
                }
                return;
            }
        }
        //4.如果不存在 则不能借阅
        System.out.println("没有你要找的这本书，无法借阅！！");
    }
}

DelBook

java 复制代码 
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User：Lenovo
 * Date:2024-10-26
 * Time:13:24
 */
public class DelBook implements IOPeration{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("删除图书....");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

        //1、输入你要删除的图书名称：
        System.out.println("请输入要删除书籍的名称：");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();

        //2.查看当前书籍是否存在
        int index = -1;
        int i = 0;
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book tmp = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(tmp.getName().equals(name)) {
                index = i;
                break;
            }
        }
        //没有遇到break
        if(i >= currentSize) {
            System.out.println("没有你要删除的书....");
            return;
        }
        //遇到break  此时开始真正删除
        for (int j = index; j < currentSize-1; j++) {
            //bookList[j] = bookList[j+1]; error
            Book tmp = bookList.getBook(j+1);
            bookList.setBooks(j,tmp);
        }
        //修改usedSize的值

        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize-1);

        bookList.setBooks(currentSize-1,null);

        System.out.println("删除图书成功了.....");
    }
}

ExitBook

java 复制代码 
package operation;

import book.BookList;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User：Lenovo
 * Date:2024-10-26
 * Time:13:12
 */
public class ExitBook implements IOPeration{

    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("退出系统.....");
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            //bookList[i] = null;
            bookList.setBooks(i,null);
        }
        bookList.setUsedSize(0);
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

FindBook

java 复制代码 
package operation;

import book.BookList;
import book.Book;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User：Lenovo
 * Date:2024-10-26
 * Time:13:25
 */
public class FindBook implements IOPeration{

    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("查找图书...");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入你要查找的图书的名字：");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();

        //1.先确定  当前数组当中 有效的书籍个数
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();

        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
                System.out.println("找到这本书籍了，书籍内容如下：");
                System.out.println(book);
                return;
            }
        }

        System.out.println("没有你要查找的图书的书籍！！");
    }
}

ReturnBook

java 复制代码 
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User：Lenovo
 * Date:2024-10-26
 * Time:13:27
 */
public class ReturnBook implements IOPeration{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("归还图书....");
        System.out.println("请输入你要归还的图书：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String name = scanner.nextLine();

        //1.先遍历数组 查找是否存在要归还的图书
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
                if(!book.isBorrowed()) {
                    System.out.println("这本书没有被借出过，不用还！");
                }else {
                    System.out.println("归还成功");
                    book.setBorrowed(false);
                    System.out.println(book);
                }
                return;
            }
        }
        //4.如果不存在 则不能归还
        System.out.println("没有你要找的这本书，无法归还！！");
    }
}

ShowBook

java 复制代码 
package operation;
import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User：Lenovo
 * Date:2024-10-26
 * Time:13:27
 */
public class ShowBook implements IOPeration{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("打印图书....");

        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book tmp = bookList.getBook(i);
            System.out.println(tmp);
        }
    }
}

IOPeration

java 复制代码 
package operation;

import book.BookList;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User：Lenovo
 * Date:2024-10-26
 * Time:13:09
 */
public interface IOPeration {
    void work(BookList books);
}

2.3 user包中建立AdminUser、NormalUser、User类；
AdminUser

java 复制代码 
package user;

import operation.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User：Lenovo
 * Date:2024-10-26
 * Time:12:43
 */
public class AdminUser extends User{

    public AdminUser(String name) {
        super(name);
        this.ioPerations = new IOPeration[]{
                new ExitBook(),
                new FindBook(),
                new AddBook(),
                new DelBook(),
                new ShowBook()
        };
    }

    @Override
    public int menu() {
        System.out.println("欢迎 "+this.name+" 来到图书管理系统!");
        System.out.println("**********管理员菜单*********");
        System.out.println("1. 查找图书");
        System.out.println("2. 新增图书");
        System.out.println("3. 删除图书");
        System.out.println("4. 显示图书");
        System.out.println("0. 退出系统");
        System.out.println("*****************************");
        System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

NormalUser

java 复制代码 
package user;

import operation.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User：Lenovo
 * Date:2024-10-26
 * Time:12:42
 */
public class NormalUser extends User{

    public NormalUser(String name) {
        super(name);
        this.ioPerations = new IOPeration[]{
                new ExitBook(),
                new FindBook(),
                new BorrowedBook(),
                new ReturnBook()
        };
    }

    @Override
    public int menu() {
        System.out.println("欢迎 "+this.name+" 来到图书管理系统!");
        System.out.println("**********普通用户菜单*********");
        System.out.println("1. 查找图书");
        System.out.println("2. 借阅图书");
        System.out.println("3. 归还图书");
        System.out.println("0. 退出系统");
        System.out.println("*****************************");
        System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }

}

User

java 复制代码 
package user;

import book.BookList;
import operation.IOPeration;

/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User：Lenovo
 * Date:2024-10-26
 * Time:12:42
 */
public abstract class User {
    public String name;

    public IOPeration[] ioPerations; //没有初始化

    public User(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public abstract int menu();

    public void doOperations(int choice, BookList books) {
        //return this.ioPerations[choice];
        IOPeration ioPeration = this.ioPerations[choice];
        //IOPeration ioPeration =  new FindBook();
        ioPeration.work(books);
    }
}

3整个程序的入口Main类
Main

java 复制代码 
/**
 * Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
 * Description:
 * User：Lenovo
 * Date:2024-10-26
 * Time:12:44
 */
import book.BookList;
import user.AdminUser;
import user.NormalUser;
import user.User;

import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
    public static User login(){
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入你的姓名： ");
        String name=scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("请输入你的身份：1：管理员   2：普通用户 ");
        int choice=scanner.nextInt();
        if(choice==1){
            return new AdminUser(name);
        }else{
            return new NormalUser(name);
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BookList bookList=new BookList();
       /* Book[] books=new Book[10];
        books[0]=new Book{"三国演义","罗贯中",19,"武侠"};
        books[1]=new Book{"西游记","吴承恩",20,"神话"};
        books[2]=new Book{"红楼梦","曹雪芹",15,"小说"};
        usedsize=3;*/
        User user=login();
        while(true){
            int choice=user.menu();
            user.doOperations(choice,bookList);
        }
    }
}

这样一个简单的图书管理系统就实现了

4程序运行：

4.1以管理员身份运行：

4.2以用户身份运行：

这次的图书管理系统之旅就到这里了；

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