elasticsearch设置密码访问

1 用户认证介绍

默认ES是没有设置用户认证访问的，所以每次访问时，直接调相关API就能查询和写入数据。现在做一个认证，只有通过认证的用户才能访问和操作ES。

2 开启加密设置

1.生成证书文件

bash 复制代码

/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-certutil \
cert --days 3650 \
-out /etc/elasticsearch/config/elastic-certificates.p12 \
-pass ""

输入 Y 确认

2.修改证书权限，可以发现是没有读权限的

bash 复制代码

[root@elk91~]# ll /etc/elasticsearch/config/
-rw------- 1 root elasticsearch 3596 Nov 22 10:54 elastic-certificates.p12
[root@elk91~]# chmod +r /etc/elasticsearch/config/elastic-certificates.p12
[root@elk91~]#

3.elk91节点同步证书文件到其他节点

bash 复制代码

scp -r /etc/elasticsearch/config/ 10.0.0.92:/etc/elasticsearch/
scp -r /etc/elasticsearch/config/ 10.0.0.93:/etc/elasticsearch/

4.所有节点修改ES集群的配置文件 **/etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml **，在最后一行添加以下内容

yaml 复制代码

xpack.security.enabled: true
xpack.security.transport.ssl.enabled: true
xpack.security.transport.ssl.verification_mode: certificate
xpack.security.transport.ssl.keystore.path: config/elastic-certificates.p12
xpack.security.transport.ssl.truststore.path: config/elastic-certificates.p12

5.所有节点重启ES集群

bash 复制代码

systemctl restart elasticsearch.service

6.所有节点检查集群节点端口是否监听

bash 复制代码

[root@elk91~]# ss -ntl | grep '9[2|3]00'
LISTEN 0      4096               *:9300            *:*          
LISTEN 0      4096               *:9200            *:*

7.测试访问ES集群生效。ES集群加密成功，用户无法直接访问，直接会拒绝，状态码为401

curl 10.0.0.93:9200

{"error":{"root_cause":[{"type":"security_exception","reason":"missing authentication credentials for REST request [/]","header":{"WWW-Authenticate":"Basic realm="security" charset="UTF-8""}}],"type":"security_exception","reason":"missing authentication credentials for REST request [/]","header":{"WWW-Authenticate":"Basic realm="security" charset="UTF-8""}},"status":401}

3 设置客户端访问ES

3.1 生成访问ES所需密码

如果手动输入密码非常繁琐，要输入8次。自动生成比较省事

1.自动生成ES的随机密码

bash 复制代码

/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-setup-passwords  auto

# 输入 y

Changed password for user apm_system
PASSWORD apm_system = LwZaR33f7BKl2vYK49zy

Changed password for user kibana_system
PASSWORD kibana_system = ZR1gDykyGk50t55Dq7w9

Changed password for user kibana
PASSWORD kibana = ZR1gDykyGk50t55Dq7w9

Changed password for user logstash_system
PASSWORD logstash_system = Zx45S9uCJ4bSHmL3Hc4v

Changed password for user beats_system
PASSWORD beats_system = Oi4DFzsFkFPx45g3MOa0

Changed password for user remote_monitoring_user
PASSWORD remote_monitoring_user = u7MupRNtSLZ5K6lpz7qx

Changed password for user elastic
PASSWORD elastic = KZ0smMuIXcLEBfxGcqWW

2.使用用户+密码访问ES

bash 复制代码

[root@elk91~]# curl -u elastic:KZ0smMuIXcLEBfxGcqWW 10.0.0.93:9200/_cat/nodes
10.0.0.92 39 56 0 0.52 0.57 0.55 cdfhilmrstw - elk92
10.0.0.93 37 53 0 0.14 0.43 0.49 cdfhilmrstw - elk93
10.0.0.91 65 75 2 0.24 0.36 0.35 cdfhilmrstw * elk91

3.2 kibana访问ES

1.修改kibana的配置文件：/etc/kibana/kibana.yml，增加以下配置

bash 复制代码

elasticsearch.username: "kibana_system"
elasticsearch.password: "ZR1gDykyGk50t55Dq7w9"

2.重启kibana

systemctl restart kibana.service

3.再次访问kibana，输入 elastic + 密码即可登录

3.3 filebeat访问ES

1.编写filebeat配置文件后，在 output.elasticsearch 增加用户认证即可

yaml 复制代码

cat > 17-tcp-to-es.yaml <<EOF
filebeat.inputs:
- type: tcp
  host: "0.0.0.0:9000"

output.elasticsearch:
  hosts: 
  - "http://10.0.0.91:9200"
  - "http://10.0.0.92:9200"
  - "http://10.0.0.93:9200"
  index: "zhiyong18-luckyboy-log-es-tls"
  # 在这里添加用户认证
  username: "elastic"
  password: "KZ0smMuIXcLEBfxGcqWW"

setup.ilm.enabled: false
setup.template.name: "zhiyong18-luckyboy-modules"
setup.template.pattern: "zhiyong18-luckyboy-log*"
setup.template.overwrite: false
EOF

2.测试filebeat写入成功

bash 复制代码

# 发送册数数据
echo 'name: wzy' | nc 10.0.0.92 9000

可以查看到这条文档

3.也可以在kibana上给es修改密码

3.4 logstash访问ES

yaml 复制代码

cat > 08-tcp-to-es_tls.conf <<EOF
input {
  tcp {
    port => 8888
  }
}

output {
  stdout {}

  elasticsearch {
     hosts => ["http://10.0.0.91:9200","http://10.0.0.92:9200","http://10.0.0.93:9200"]
     index => "zhiyong18-luckyboy-es-tls-logstash-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}"
     user => "elastic"
     password => "123456"
  }
}
EOF

3.5 postman访问ES

bash 复制代码

:9200","http://10.0.0.93:9200"]
     index => "zhiyong18-luckyboy-es-tls-logstash-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}"
     user => "elastic"
     password => "123456"
  }
}
EOF