Unity复刻胡闹厨房复盘 模块一 新输入系统订阅链与重绑定

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版本：Unity6

模板：3D 核心

渲染管线：URP

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在此之前你应该对新输入系统有一定的了解，关于新输入系统的用法与解释：Unity新输入系统 之 InputAction（输入配置文件最基本的单位）_unity inputaction-CSDN博客

关于新输入系统的简单实战：Unity 新输入系统实战 控制2D角色移动动画（俯视）-CSDN博客

目录

实现功能与逻辑拆解

1.获取WASD的基础输入​编辑

2.自定义操作按键

3.按键重绑

[4 .重绑定后的保存与读取](#4 .重绑定后的保存与读取)

全局概览

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我将输入管理类命名为GameInput 其创建时候就写为了单例模式，因为但凡是拥有全局唯一实例的类 或者 是该类的生命周期占据了整个场景 就应该写为单例模式

实现功能与逻辑拆解

1.获取WASD的基础输入

对于新输入系统的创建与生成C#文件我便不再赘述，Unity6自带

你可以在InputAction看到其已经定义好了很多内容

首先声明输入系统的C#类 然后开启

action = new InputSystem_Actions();
  action.Enable();

直接读取输入值 可以看到Move这一Action是Value的动作类型以及Vector2的控制类型

因此代码就可以直接这么写：

   public Vector3 GetInputKeyboard() {

       Vector2 direcation = action.Player.Move.ReadValue<Vector2>();
       //float x = Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");
       //float z = Input.GetAxisRaw("Vertical");

       Vector3 move = new Vector3(direcation.x, 0, direcation.y);
       move = move.normalized;
       return move;
   }

至于为什么返回单位化后的向量可以看这一篇，其并不是本文的重点 ：Unity中的数学应用 之 角色移动中单位化向量的妙用 （小学难度）-CSDN博客

2.自定义操作按键

这里有个前置知识点：发布者-订阅模式的特点就是发布者发布事件与调用 ，订阅者只需要订阅上就完事了

对于此部分可以自定义Action为Button类型

对于具体按键可以勾选分类：

代码是这么写的：

    private static GameInput instance;
    public static GameInput Instance => instance;
    private InputSystem_Actions action;

    public EventHandler interact;
    public EventHandler operater;
    public EventHandler pause;
    private void Awake() {
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = this;
        }
        else {
            Destroy(instance);
        }

        action = new InputSystem_Actions();

        if (PlayerPrefs.HasKey(PLAYERBDINGINFO))
            action.LoadBindingOverridesFromJson(PlayerPrefs.GetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO));

        action.Enable();
        //触发订阅---E
        action.Player.Interact.started += Interact_started;
        //触发订阅-F
        action.Player.Operater.started += Operater_started;
        //触发订阅-ESC
        action.Player.Pause.started += Pause_started;
    }

    private void OnDestroy() {
       
       
        action.Player.Interact.started -= Interact_started;
        
        action.Player.Operater.started -= Operater_started;
       
        action.Player.Pause.started -= Pause_started;

        action.Dispose();
    }

    private void Pause_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {
        pause?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
    }

    private void Operater_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {
        operater?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
    }

    private void Interact_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {
        interact?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
    }

解释：下面部分是对按键手势(Action)的订阅

        action.Enable();
        //触发订阅---E
        action.Player.Interact.started += Interact_started;
        //触发订阅-F
        action.Player.Operater.started += Operater_started;
        //触发订阅-ESC
        action.Player.Pause.started += Pause_started;

订阅的谁呢？是如下三个函数 注意其参数都是自动生成的

 private void Pause_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {
     pause?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
 }

 private void Operater_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {
     operater?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
 }

 private void Interact_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {
     interact?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
 }

而三个函数内又包裹了一层C#提供可传参委托

其参数sender代表事件的发布者 也就是GameIput类本身

e是EventArgs类型或者派生自EventArgs的类型,通常用于传递和事件相关的信息,这里传值为EventArgs.Empty 也就是空

也就是他们三个

    public EventHandler interact;
    public EventHandler operater;
    public EventHandler pause;

所以对于他们三个的调用也就嵌在了对新输入系统手势的订阅上

那么谁去订阅呢？Player 你会发现Player这里又是一层封装？但不是委托与事件

BaseCounter 是柜台基类 我们以后会讲，curCounter用于存储当前玩家获得的柜台

       private BaseCounter curCounter;

     void Start() {
        //Application.targetFrameRate = 60;
        this.HoldPoints = transform.Find("PlayerHoldPoint");
        GameInput.Instance.interact += OnInterAction;
        GameInput.Instance.operater += OnOperaterAction;
    }
    private void OnInterAction(object sender, EventArgs s) {

        curCounter?.Interact(this);

    }
    private void OnOperaterAction(object sender, EventArgs e) {
        curCounter?.InteractOperater(this);
    }

Interact与InteractOperater的定义在柜台类基类之中是两个虚方法，由子类去实现

using UnityEngine;

public class BaseCounter : FoodObjcetHolder {
    [SerializeField] protected Transform SelectPrefab;

    public void SelectPrefabSecureAssign(string name) {
        if (SelectPrefab == null) {
            SelectPrefab = transform.Find(name);
        }
    }
    public virtual void Interact(Player player) {
        Debug.Log("未对父类进行重写");
    }
    public virtual void InteractOperater(Player player) {

    }
    public void CounterSelect() {
        SelectPrefab.gameObject?.SetActive(true);
    }
    public void CounterUnSelect() {
        SelectPrefab.gameObject?.SetActive(false);
    }

}

子类实现我们不去考虑，目前对于一个按键的订阅链我们已经整理完了

由下图所示

你要说这不是脱了裤子放p吗？其实不然 其道理在于

如果只是GameInput类自我消化 只需要第一条黑线 但是GameInput类要与Player类进行交互 而事件的发布订阅解决了这个问题，所以有了第二条黑线

Player也不负责执行柜台的逻辑 所以就需要第三条黑线

3.按键重绑

这个的原理如下

1.获取对应的Action下的按键

action.Player.Move;

action.Player.Interact;

action.Player.Operater;

action.Player.Pause;

2.通过对应的索引去得到对应值键 也就是下图

在回调函数中执行其他办法，注意最后那个Start（）方法一定要开启不然没有任何反应

     actionKey.PerformInteractiveRebinding(index).OnComplete((callback) => {

         Debug.Log("重新绑定完成");
         action.Player.Enable();
         SettingUI.Instance.UpdateUI();
         SettingUI.Instance.HideBindingInfo();

         PlayerPrefs.SetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO,action.SaveBindingOverridesAsJson());
     }).Start();

先别管actionKey，也别管函数块内部做了什么，重点下面这个API是重绑定的关键：

PerformInteractiveRebinding(index).OnComplete

做了一个枚举去得到所有不同的输入

public enum E_BindingKey{ 
    w,
    a,
    s,
    d,
    e,
    f,
    esc
}

重新绑定只需要传入一个枚举值，就可以

  public void ReBinding(E_BindingKey e_BindingKey){
      Debug.Log("进入重新绑定");
      action.Player.Disable(); 
      InputAction actionKey = null;
      int index = -1;
      switch (e_BindingKey) {
          case E_BindingKey.w:
              index = 2;
              actionKey = action.Player.Move;
              break;
          case E_BindingKey.a:
              index = 6;
              actionKey = action.Player.Move;
              break;
          case E_BindingKey.s:
              index = 4;
              actionKey = action.Player.Move;
              break;
          case E_BindingKey.d:
              index = 8;
              actionKey = action.Player.Move;
              break;
          case E_BindingKey.e:
              index = 0;
              actionKey = action.Player.Interact;
              break;
          case E_BindingKey.f:
              index = 0;
              actionKey = action.Player.Operater;
              break;
          case E_BindingKey.esc:
              index = 0;
              actionKey = action.Player.Pause;
              break;
          default:
              break;
      }
   
      if(actionKey != null) {
          actionKey.PerformInteractiveRebinding(index).OnComplete((callback) => {

              Debug.Log("重新绑定完成");
              action.Player.Enable();
              SettingUI.Instance.UpdateUI();
              SettingUI.Instance.HideBindingInfo();

              PlayerPrefs.SetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO,action.SaveBindingOverridesAsJson());
          }).Start();
      }else{
          Debug.Log("actionKey为空");
      }
      //actionKey.Dispose();

  }

4 .重绑定后的保存与读取

重新加载会将场景所有类的内存回收，但是存在本地的可以持久化，因此无论是何种持久化方式都可以通过如下两个API去存取成json字符串

这里用PlayerPrefs演示

写入：

PlayerPrefs.SetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO,action.SaveBindingOverridesAsJson());

读取：

   action.LoadBindingOverridesFromJson(PlayerPrefs.GetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO));

至于放在哪里 不用我多说了相信你对unity的生命周期并不陌生

全局概览

using System;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.InputSystem;
public enum E_BindingKey{ 
    w,
    a,
    s,
    d,
    e,
    f,
    esc
}
public class GameInput : MonoBehaviour {
    private const string PLAYERBDINGINFO = "PLAYERBDINGINFO";

    private static GameInput instance;
    public static GameInput Instance => instance;
    private InputSystem_Actions action;

    public EventHandler interact;
    public EventHandler operater;
    public EventHandler pause;
    private void Awake() {
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = this;
        }
        else {
            Destroy(instance);
        }

        action = new InputSystem_Actions();

        if (PlayerPrefs.HasKey(PLAYERBDINGINFO))
            action.LoadBindingOverridesFromJson(PlayerPrefs.GetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO));

        action.Enable();
        //触发订阅---E
        action.Player.Interact.started += Interact_started;
        //触发订阅-F
        action.Player.Operater.started += Operater_started;
        //触发订阅-ESC
        action.Player.Pause.started += Pause_started;
    }

    private void OnDestroy() {
       
       
        action.Player.Interact.started -= Interact_started;
        
        action.Player.Operater.started -= Operater_started;
       
        action.Player.Pause.started -= Pause_started;

        action.Dispose();
    }

    private void Pause_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {
        pause?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
    }

    private void Operater_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {
        operater?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
    }

    private void Interact_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {
        interact?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 读取输入
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>移动朝向</returns>
    public Vector3 GetInputKeyboard() {

        Vector2 direcation = action.Player.Move.ReadValue<Vector2>();
        //float x = Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");
        //float z = Input.GetAxisRaw("Vertical");

        Vector3 move = new Vector3(direcation.x, 0, direcation.y);
        move = move.normalized;
        return move;
    }
    public void ReBinding(E_BindingKey e_BindingKey){
        Debug.Log("进入重新绑定");
        action.Player.Disable(); 
        InputAction actionKey = null;
        int index = -1;
        switch (e_BindingKey) {
            case E_BindingKey.w:
                index = 2;
                actionKey = action.Player.Move;
                break;
            case E_BindingKey.a:
                index = 6;
                actionKey = action.Player.Move;
                break;
            case E_BindingKey.s:
                index = 4;
                actionKey = action.Player.Move;
                break;
            case E_BindingKey.d:
                index = 8;
                actionKey = action.Player.Move;
                break;
            case E_BindingKey.e:
                index = 0;
                actionKey = action.Player.Interact;
                break;
            case E_BindingKey.f:
                index = 0;
                actionKey = action.Player.Operater;
                break;
            case E_BindingKey.esc:
                index = 0;
                actionKey = action.Player.Pause;
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
     
        if(actionKey != null) {
            actionKey.PerformInteractiveRebinding(index).OnComplete((callback) => {

                Debug.Log("重新绑定完成");
                action.Player.Enable();
                SettingUI.Instance.UpdateUI();
                SettingUI.Instance.HideBindingInfo();

                PlayerPrefs.SetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO,action.SaveBindingOverridesAsJson());
            }).Start();
        }else{
            Debug.Log("actionKey为空");
        }
        //actionKey.Dispose();

    }

    public string GetBindingKey(E_BindingKey e_BindingKey){
        switch (e_BindingKey) {
            case E_BindingKey.w:
                return action.Player.Move.bindings[2].ToDisplayString();
            case E_BindingKey.a:
                return action.Player.Move.bindings[6].ToDisplayString();
            case E_BindingKey.s:
                return action.Player.Move.bindings[4].ToDisplayString();
            case E_BindingKey.d:
                return action.Player.Move.bindings[8].ToDisplayString();
            case E_BindingKey.e:
                return action.Player.Interact.bindings[0].ToDisplayString();
            case E_BindingKey.f:
                return action.Player.Operater.bindings[0].ToDisplayString();
            case E_BindingKey.esc:
                return action.Player.Pause.bindings[0].ToDisplayString();
            default:
                return "";
        }

    }
}