Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel 的简单操作
- [1、安装 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel](#1、安装 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel)
- [2、声明引用 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel](#2、声明引用 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel)
- [3、简单的新建 EXCEL 操作代码](#3、简单的新建 EXCEL 操作代码)
- [4、将 DataGridView 表数据写到 EXCEL 操作代码](#4、将 DataGridView 表数据写到 EXCEL 操作代码)
- [5、将 EXCEL 表数据读取到 C# 数据表 DataTable 操作代码](# 数据表 DataTable 操作代码)
1、安装 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel
新建 C# 工程后，在【项目】菜单中点击【管理 NuGet 程序包】，浏览搜索 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel，点击下载安装。
2、声明引用 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel
csharp
using System.Data;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel; //指定别名3、简单的新建 EXCEL 操作代码
csharp
Excel.Application excelApp = new Excel.Application //定义Excel应用对象，别名以区别 C# 应用
{
Visible = false,//设置后台运行可见性为false
DisplayAlerts = false,//禁止弹出警告
AlertBeforeOverwriting = false//禁止覆盖前弹出提醒
};
if (excelApp == null) return;//系统没有Excel对象
Excel.Workbook workbook = excelApp.Workbooks.Add();// 添加 Excel 工作簿（Workbook）
workbook.Worksheets.Add(Type.Missing, workbook.Worksheets[1], 2, Type.Missing);// 在默认的 sheet1之后添加 2 个工作表
Excel.Worksheet sheet1 = (Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1] as Excel.Worksheet;//定义Excel工作表
Excel.Worksheet sheet2 = (Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[2] as Excel.Worksheet;
Excel.Worksheet sheet3 = (Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[3] as Excel.Worksheet;
// 命名工作表
sheet1.Name = "测试";
sheet2.Name = "宋体标题";
sheet3.Name = "黑体标题";
string[] headers = new string[] { "单位", "名称", "属性", "型号", "序列号" };
Excel.Range headerRange = sheet2.Range[sheet2.Cells[1, 1], sheet2.Cells[1, headers.Length]];
headerRange.Value2 = headers;
headerRange.HorizontalAlignment = Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;//水平居中
headerRange.VerticalAlignment = Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;//垂直居中
headerRange.Borders.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;//设置边框
headerRange.Borders.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin;//边框常规粗细
headerRange.WrapText = true;//自动换行
headerRange.NumberFormatLocal = "@";//文本格式
headerRange.Font.Name = "宋体";//设置字体
headerRange.Font.Size = 12;//字体大小
headerRange.Font.Bold = false;//字体加粗
sheet2.Columns.AutoFit();//设置列宽和数据一致
headerRange = sheet3.Range[sheet3.Cells[1, 1], sheet3.Cells[1, headers.Length]];
headerRange.Value2 = headers;
headerRange.HorizontalAlignment = Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;//水平居中
headerRange.VerticalAlignment = Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;//垂直居中
headerRange.Borders.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;//设置边框
headerRange.Borders.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin;//边框常规粗细
headerRange.WrapText = true;//自动换行
headerRange.NumberFormatLocal = "@";//文本格式
headerRange.Font.Name = "黑体";//设置字体
headerRange.Font.Size = 12;//字体大小
headerRange.Font.Bold = true;//字体加粗
sheet3.Columns.AutoFit();
workbook.SaveAs(Application.StartupPath + @"\1234.xlsx");//保存文件
workbook.Close(false);//关闭工作簿
excelApp.Quit();//退出对象
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbook);
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(excelApp);//释放COM对象的引用
workbook = null;
excelApp = null;
if (excelApp == null) MessageBox.Show("已经创建EXCEL文件", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation);4、将 DataGridView 表数据写到 EXCEL 操作代码
csharp
public void WriteExcelFromDgv(DataGridView dgv)
{
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application excelApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application //定义Excel应用对象
{
Visible = false,//设置后台运行可见性为false
DisplayAlerts = false,//禁止弹出警告
AlertBeforeOverwriting = false//禁止覆盖前弹出提醒
};
Excel.Workbook workbook = excelApp.Workbooks.Add();//定义Excel工作簿
// Worksheet worksheet = workbook.ActiveSheet;//定义Excel工作表
Excel.Worksheet worksheet = workbook.Worksheets[1];//定义默认Excel工作表
int rowCount = dgv.Rows.Count;//获取总行数
int columnCount = dgv.Columns.Count;//获取总列数
for (int i = 0; i < columnCount; i++)
{
worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = dgv.Columns[i].HeaderText;//填写列标题
worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1].HorizontalAlignment = Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;//水平居中
worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1].VerticalAlignment= Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;//垂直居中
}
for (int i = 0; i < rowCount - 1; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < columnCount; j++)
{
worksheet.Cells[i + 2, j + 1] = dgv.Rows[i + 1].Cells[j].Value;//填写表格数据
worksheet.Cells[i + 2, j + 1].HorizontalAlignment = Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;//水平居中
worksheet.Cells[i + 2, j + 1].VerticalAlignment= Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;//垂直居中
}
}
worksheet.Columns.AutoFit();//设置列宽和数据一致
worksheet.SaveAs(Application.StartupPath + @"\DataGridViewData.xlsx");//保存文件
workbook.Close(false);//关闭工作簿
excelApp.Quit();//退出对象
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbook);
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(excelApp);//释放COM对象的引用
workbook = null;
excelApp = null;
if (excelApp == null) MessageBox.Show("数据已经写入到 EXCEL 文件", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation);
}5、将 EXCEL 表数据读取到 C# 数据表 DataTable 操作代码
csharp
/// <summary>将 EXCEL 表数据读取到 C# 数据表 DataTable</summary>
/// <param name="filePath">EXCEL 文件路径</param>
/// <param name="columnsToExtract">读取列数</param>
/// <param name="skipRows">跳过行数</param>
/// <returns>返回数据表 dataTable </returns>
public DataTable ReadExcelToDataTable(string filePath,int[] columnsToExtract, int skipRows=2)
{
Excel.Application excelApp = new Excel.Application();
Excel.Workbook workbook = excelApp.Workbooks.Open(filePath);
Excel.Worksheet worksheet = workbook.Sheets[1];//第一个sheet
Excel.Range usedRange = worksheet.UsedRange;
int rowCount = usedRange.Rows.Count;
int colCount = columnsToExtract.Length;
DataTable dataTable=new DataTable();
object[,] valueArray = (object[,])usedRange.Value;
for (int row = skipRows; row <= rowCount; row++)
{
DataRow dataRow = dataTable.NewRow();
for (int col = 0; col < colCount; col++)
{
int colIndex = columnsToExtract[col];
dataRow[col] = valueArray[row, colCount]?.ToString() ?? string.Empty;
}
dataTable.Rows.Add(dataRow);
}
workbook.Close(false);
excelApp.Quit();
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(excelApp);//释放COM对象的引用
return dataTable;
}