Ubuntu使用war包部署Jenkins并通过systemcl管理

一、当前系统环境

二、安装Java

二、安装Jenkins

三、使用systemctl管理

一、当前系统环境

操作系统：ubuntu 24.04

Jenkins版本：2.506 格式：war

JDK版本：OpenJDK_17

二、安装Java

1.下载jdk安装包

bash 复制代码

# wget下载
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/Adoptium/17/jdk/x64/linux/OpenJDK17U-jdk_x64_linux_hotspot_17.0.14_7.tar.gz

2.创建java目录并解压压缩包

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# 解压JDK到指定目录
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/java
sudo tar -zxf OpenJDK17U-jdk_x64_linux_hotspot_17.0.14_7.tar.gz -C /usr/local/java --strip-components 1

3.设置java环境变量

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vim /etc/profile

在最末尾添加下面的内容

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# Java environment
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java
export PATH=$PATH:${JAVA_HOME}/bin

4.使环境变量生效

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source /etc/profile

5.验证安装是否生效

java -version

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root@ubuntu01:/# java -version
openjdk version "17.0.14" 2025-01-21
OpenJDK Runtime Environment Temurin-17.0.14+7 (build 17.0.14+7)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM Temurin-17.0.14+7 (build 17.0.14+7, mixed mode, sharing)
root@ubuntu01:/#

二、安装Jenkins

1.创建运行jenkins的用户和组

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useradd -m jenkins

2.创建jenkins的home目录

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mkdir -p /usr/local/jenkins/

3.下载Jenkins最新war包

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cd  /usr/local/jenkins
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/war/2.506/jenkins.war

4.设置文件夹权限

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chown -R jenkins:jenkins /usr/local/jenkins
chmod +x -R /usr/local/jenkins

5.启动测试

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# 导入JENKINS_HOME环境变量
export JENKINS_HOME=/usr/local/jenkins

# 启动Jenkins
java -jar jenkins.war   --httpPort=8888

三、使用systemctl管理

1.创建服务文件

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vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service

要在Environment指明JENKINS_HOME实际目录，默认是用户home目录下的.jenkins文件夹ExecStart里面所有目录都使用绝对路径，包括java和war包所在的路径。

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[Unit]
Description=Jenkins Continuous Integration Server
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=jenkins
Environment="JENKINS_HOME=/var/lib/jenkins"
ExecStart=/usr/local/java/bin/java -Dhudson.model.DownloadService.noSignatureCheck=true -jar /usr/local/jenkins/jenkins.war --httpPort=8888
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

2.添加文件执行权限

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chmod +x /usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service

3.重新加载systemctl 并启动服务

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systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl start jenkins

4.查看jenkins运行状态

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systemctl status jenkins

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root@ubuntu01:/# systemctl status jenkins
● jenkins.service - Jenkins
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service; disabled; preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-04-23 10:27:37 CST; 7min ago
   Main PID: 90424 (java)
      Tasks: 44 (limit: 4552)
     Memory: 375.1M (peak: 386.7M)
        CPU: 16.396s
     CGroup: /system.slice/jenkins.service
             └─90424 /usr/local/java/bin/java -Dhudson.model.DownloadService.noSignatureCheck=true -jar /usr/local/jenkins/jenkins.war --httpPort=8888

Apr 23 10:27:43 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:43.144+0000 [id=31]        INFO        jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Prepared all plugins
Apr 23 10:27:43 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:43.178+0000 [id=30]        INFO        jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Started all plugins
Apr 23 10:27:43 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:43.194+0000 [id=30]        INFO        jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Augmented all extensions
Apr 23 10:27:43 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:43.519+0000 [id=29]        INFO        h.p.b.g.GlobalTimeOutConfiguration#load: global timeout not set
Apr 23 10:27:44 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:44.767+0000 [id=31]        INFO        jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: System config loaded
Apr 23 10:27:44 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:44.768+0000 [id=31]        INFO        jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: System config adapted
Apr 23 10:27:44 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:44.794+0000 [id=29]        INFO        jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Loaded all jobs
Apr 23 10:27:44 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:44.805+0000 [id=30]        INFO        jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Configuration for all jobs updated
Apr 23 10:27:44 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:44.849+0000 [id=29]        INFO        jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Completed initialization
Apr 23 10:27:44 ubuntu01 java[90424]: 2025-04-23 02:27:44.888+0000 [id=23]        INFO        hudson.lifecycle.Lifecycle#onReady: Jenkins is fully up and running
root@ubuntu01:/#

5.查看服务日志

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journalctl -u jenkins.service --reverse

6.设置开机自启

bash 复制代码

systemctl enable jenkins