mysql 8.0
sql
CREATE TABLE EMP (
EMPNO INTEGER NOT NULL,
ENAME VARCHAR(10),
JOB VARCHAR(9),
MGR INTEGER,
HIREDATE DATE,
SAL INTEGER,
COMM INTEGER,
DEPTNO INTEGER
);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7369, 'SMITH', 'CLERK', 7902, '1980-12-17', 800, NULL, 20),
(7499, 'ALLEN', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-02-20', 1600, 300, 30),
(7521, 'WARD', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-02-22', 1250, 500, 30),
(7566, 'JONES', 'MANAGER', 7839, '1981-04-02', 2975, NULL, 20),
(7654, 'MARTIN', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-09-28', 1250, 1400, 30),
(7698, 'BLAKE', 'MANAGER', 7839, '1981-05-01', 2850, NULL, 30),
(7782, 'CLARK', 'MANAGER', 7839, '1981-06-09', 2450, NULL, 10),
(7788, 'SCOTT', 'ANALYST', 7566, '1982-12-09', 3000, NULL, 20),
(7839, 'KING', 'PRESIDENT', NULL, '1981-11-17', 5000, NULL, 10),
(7844, 'TURNER', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-09-08', 1500, 0, 30),
(7876, 'ADAMS', 'CLERK', 7788, '1983-01-12', 1100, NULL, 20),
(7900, 'JAMES', 'CLERK', 7698, '1981-12-03', 950, NULL, 30),
(7902, 'FORD', 'ANALYST', 7566, '1981-12-03', 3000, NULL, 20),
(7934, 'MILLER', 'CLERK', 7782, '1982-01-23', 1300, NULL, 10);
CREATE TABLE DEPT (
DEPTNO INTEGER,
DNAME VARCHAR(14),
LOC VARCHAR(13)
);
INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES
(10, 'ACCOUNTING', 'NEW YORK'),
(20, 'RESEARCH', 'DALLAS'),
(30, 'SALES', 'CHICAGO'),
(40, 'OPERATIONS', 'BOSTON');
-- 根据表中的行创建分隔列表
select deptno, group_concat(ename order by empno separator ',') as emps
from emp
group by deptno;
postgreql 16:
sql
CREATE TABLE EMP (
EMPNO SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
ENAME VARCHAR(10),
JOB VARCHAR(9),
MGR INTEGER,
HIREDATE DATE,
SAL INTEGER,
COMM INTEGER,
DEPTNO INTEGER
);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7369, 'SMITH', 'CLERK', 7902, '1980-12-17', 800, DEFAULT, 20),
(7499, 'ALLEN', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-02-20', 1600, 300, 30),
(7521, 'WARD', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-02-22', 1250, 500, 30),
(7566, 'JONES', 'MANAGER', 7839, '1981-04-02', 2975, DEFAULT, 20),
(7654, 'MARTIN', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-09-28', 1250, 1400, 30),
(7698, 'BLAKE', 'MANAGER', 7839, '1981-05-01', 2850, DEFAULT, 30),
(7782, 'CLARK', 'MANAGER', 7839, '1981-06-09', 2450, DEFAULT, 10),
(7788, 'SCOTT', 'ANALYST', 7566, '1982-12-09', 3000, DEFAULT, 20),
(7839, 'KING', 'PRESIDENT', DEFAULT, '1981-11-17', 5000, DEFAULT, 10),
(7844, 'TURNER', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-09-08', 1500, 0, 30),
(7876, 'ADAMS', 'CLERK', 7788, '1983-01-12', 1100, DEFAULT, 20),
(7900, 'JAMES', 'CLERK', 7698, '1981-12-03', 950, DEFAULT, 30),
(7902, 'FORD', 'ANALYST', 7566, '1981-12-03', 3000, DEFAULT, 20),
(7934, 'MILLER', 'CLERK', 7782, '1982-01-23', 1300, DEFAULT, 10);
CREATE TABLE DEPT (
DEPTNO INTEGER,
DNAME VARCHAR(14),
LOC VARCHAR(13)
);
INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES
(10, 'ACCOUNTING', 'NEW YORK'),
(20, 'RESEARCH', 'DALLAS'),
(30, 'SALES', 'CHICAGO'),
(40, 'OPERATIONS', 'BOSTON');
select * from EMP;
-- 根据表中的行创建分隔列表
select
deptno,
string_agg(ename, ',' order by empno) as emps -- 修正:先分隔符,再ORDER BY
from emp
group by deptno;

sql sever 2019:
sql
CREATE TABLE EMP (
EMPNO int PRIMARY KEY,
ENAME VARCHAR(10),
JOB VARCHAR(9),
MGR int,
HIREDATE DATE,
SAL int,
COMM int,
DEPTNO int
);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES
(7369, 'SMITH', 'CLERK', 7902, '1980-12-17', 800, DEFAULT, 20),
(7499, 'ALLEN', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-02-20', 1600, 300, 30),
(7521, 'WARD', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-02-22', 1250, 500, 30),
(7566, 'JONES', 'MANAGER', 7839, '1981-04-02', 2975, DEFAULT, 20),
(7654, 'MARTIN', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-09-28', 1250, 1400, 30),
(7698, 'BLAKE', 'MANAGER', 7839, '1981-05-01', 2850, DEFAULT, 30),
(7782, 'CLARK', 'MANAGER', 7839, '1981-06-09', 2450, DEFAULT, 10),
(7788, 'SCOTT', 'ANALYST', 7566, '1982-12-09', 3000, DEFAULT, 20),
(7839, 'KING', 'PRESIDENT', DEFAULT, '1981-11-17', 5000, DEFAULT, 10),
(7844, 'TURNER', 'SALESMAN', 7698, '1981-09-08', 1500, 0, 30),
(7876, 'ADAMS', 'CLERK', 7788, '1983-01-12', 1100, DEFAULT, 20),
(7900, 'JAMES', 'CLERK', 7698, '1981-12-03', 950, DEFAULT, 30),
(7902, 'FORD', 'ANALYST', 7566, '1981-12-03', 3000, DEFAULT, 20),
(7934, 'MILLER', 'CLERK', 7782, '1982-01-23', 1300, DEFAULT, 10);
CREATE TABLE DEPT (
DEPTNO int,
DNAME VARCHAR(14),
LOC VARCHAR(13)
);
INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES
(10, 'ACCOUNTING', 'NEW YORK'),
(20, 'RESEARCH', 'DALLAS'),
(30, 'SALES', 'CHICAGO'),
(40, 'OPERATIONS', 'BOSTON');
select * from EMP;
-- 根据表中的行创建分隔列表
select
deptno,
STRING_AGG(ename, ',') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY empno) as emps -- 核心修正:排序逻辑放WITHIN GROUP内
from emp
group by deptno;

oracel 21c:
sql
-- 1. 创建 EMP 表:给 COMM 加 DEFAULT 0,日期字段用 DATE 类型(Oracle 原生支持)
CREATE TABLE EMP (
EMPNO INT PRIMARY KEY, -- INT 在 Oracle 中是 NUMBER(38) 的别名,没问题
ENAME VARCHAR2(10), -- 推荐用 VARCHAR2(Oracle 官方推荐,兼容性更好)
JOB VARCHAR2(9),
MGR INT,
HIREDATE DATE, -- Oracle 日期类型为 DATE,无需额外定义
SAL INT,
COMM INT DEFAULT 0, -- 关键修正:给 COMM 加默认值 0,支持插入时用 DEFAULT
DEPTNO INT
);
-- 2. 插入 EMP 数据:日期用 TO_DATE 显式转换格式,COMM 可写 DEFAULT 或直接用 0
INSERT ALL
INTO EMP (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
VALUES (7369, 'SMITH', 'CLERK', 7902, TO_DATE('1980-12-17', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 800, DEFAULT, 20)
INTO EMP (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
VALUES (7499, 'ALLEN', 'SALESMAN', 7698, TO_DATE('1981-02-20', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 1600, 300, 30)
INTO EMP (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
VALUES (7521, 'WARD', 'SALESMAN', 7698, TO_DATE('1981-02-22', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 1250, 500, 30)
INTO EMP (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
VALUES (7566, 'JONES', 'MANAGER', 7839, TO_DATE('1981-04-02', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 2975, DEFAULT, 20)
INTO EMP (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
VALUES (7654, 'MARTIN', 'SALESMAN', 7698, TO_DATE('1981-09-28', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 1250, 1400, 30)
INTO EMP (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
VALUES (7698, 'BLAKE', 'MANAGER', 7839, TO_DATE('1981-05-01', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 2850, DEFAULT, 30)
INTO EMP (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
VALUES (7782, 'CLARK', 'MANAGER', 7839, TO_DATE('1981-06-09', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 2450, DEFAULT, 10)
INTO EMP (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
VALUES (7788, 'SCOTT', 'ANALYST', 7566, TO_DATE('1982-12-09', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 3000, DEFAULT, 20)
INTO EMP (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
VALUES (7839, 'KING', 'PRESIDENT', DEFAULT, TO_DATE('1981-11-17', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 5000, DEFAULT, 10)
INTO EMP (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
VALUES (7844, 'TURNER', 'SALESMAN', 7698, TO_DATE('1981-09-08', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 1500, 0, 30)
INTO EMP (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
VALUES (7876, 'ADAMS', 'CLERK', 7788, TO_DATE('1983-01-12', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 1100, DEFAULT, 20)
INTO EMP (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
VALUES (7900, 'JAMES', 'CLERK', 7698, TO_DATE('1981-12-03', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 950, DEFAULT, 30)
INTO EMP (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
VALUES (7902, 'FORD', 'ANALYST', 7566, TO_DATE('1981-12-03', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 3000, DEFAULT, 20)
INTO EMP (EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, MGR, HIREDATE, SAL, COMM, DEPTNO)
VALUES (7934, 'MILLER', 'CLERK', 7782, TO_DATE('1982-01-23', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 1300, DEFAULT, 10)
SELECT 1 FROM DUAL; -- 必须添加此句,Oracle 要求 INSERT ALL 以子查询结束
-- 3. 创建 DEPT 表:给 DEPTNO 加 PRIMARY KEY,保证唯一性和关联能力
CREATE TABLE DEPT (
DEPTNO INT PRIMARY KEY, -- 关键修正:DEPTNO 设为主键
DNAME VARCHAR2(14),
LOC VARCHAR2(13)
);
-- 4. 插入 DEPT 数据(无语法问题,直接使用)
INSERT ALL
INTO DEPT VALUES
(10, 'ACCOUNTING', 'NEW YORK')
INTO DEPT VALUES (20, 'RESEARCH', 'DALLAS')
INTO DEPT VALUES (30, 'SALES', 'CHICAGO')
INTO DEPT VALUES (40, 'OPERATIONS', 'BOSTON')
SELECT 1 FROM DUAL;
-- 最后提交事务(Oracle 默认手动提交,需显式执行)
select * from EMP;
select * from DEPT;
-- 根据表中的行创建分隔列表
select deptno,
ltrim(sys_connect_by_path(ename,','),',') emps
from (
select deptno,
ename,
row_number() over
(partition by deptno order by empno) rn,
count(*) over
(partition by deptno) cnt
from emp
)
where level = cnt
start with rn = 1
connect by prior deptno = deptno and prior rn = rn-1;
