SpringAI(GA)：Neo4j向量数据库存储快速上手

$!TIP\] Neo4j 是一个开源的 NoSQL 图形数据库，是一个完全事务的数据库，存储结构由节点组成的图形的数据，并通过关系连接$

实战代码可见：github.com/GTyingzi/sp... 下的 vector/vector-neo4j 模块

Neo4j 安装

neo4j 官网：neo4j.com/download/

方便起见可以使用 neo4j Desktop 版

Graph DBMS 命名随意，password 密码需要记住，这里密码改为 yingzipassword

Spring AI 连接 Neo4j

pom 依赖

xml 复制代码

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-ai-autoconfigure-model-openai</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-ai-vector-store</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-ai-starter-vector-store-neo4j</artifactId>
    </dependency>

</dependencies>

application.yml

yaml 复制代码

server:
  port: 8080

spring:
  application:
    name: vector-neo4j

  ai:
    openai:
      api-key: ${DASHSCOPEAPIKEY}
      base-url: https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode
      embedding:
        options:
          model: text-embedding-v1
    vectorstore:
      neo4j:
        initialize-schema: true
        database-name: neo4j
        index-name: yingziindex
        embedding-dimension: 1536
        distance-type: cosine

  neo4j:
    uri: bolt://localhost:7687
    authentication:
      username: neo4j
      password: yingzipassword

Neo4jConfig

java 复制代码

package com.spring.ai.tutorial.vector.config;

import org.neo4j.driver.AuthTokens;
import org.neo4j.driver.Driver;
import org.neo4j.driver.GraphDatabase;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.ai.embedding.EmbeddingModel;
import org.springframework.ai.embedding.TokenCountBatchingStrategy;
import org.springframework.ai.vectorstore.neo4j.Neo4jVectorStore;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @author yingzi
 * @since 2025/9/8
 */
@Configuration
public class Neo4jConfig {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Neo4jConfig.class);


    @Value("${spring.neo4j.uri}")
    private String uri;
    @Value("${spring.neo4j.authentication.username}")
    private String username;
    @Value("${spring.neo4j.authentication.password}")
    private String password;

    @Value("${spring.ai.vectorstore.neo4j.database-name}")
    private String databaseName;
    @Value("${spring.ai.vectorstore.neo4j.distance-type}")
    private Neo4jVectorStore.Neo4jDistanceType distanceType;
    @Value("${spring.ai.vectorstore.neo4j.index-name}")
    private String indexName;
    @Value("${spring.ai.vectorstore.neo4j.initialize-schema}")
    private boolean initializeSchema;
    @Value("${spring.ai.vectorstore.neo4j.embedding-dimension}")
    private int embeddingDimension;


    @Bean
    public Driver driver() {
        return GraphDatabase.driver(uri,
                AuthTokens.basic(username, password));
    }

    @Bean(name = "neo4jVectorStore")
    public Neo4jVectorStore vectorStore(Driver driver, EmbeddingModel embeddingModel) {
        logger.info("create neo4j vector store");

        return Neo4jVectorStore.builder(driver, embeddingModel)
                .databaseName(databaseName)                // Optional: defaults to "neo4j"
                .distanceType(distanceType) // Optional: defaults to COSINE
                .embeddingDimension(embeddingDimension)                      // Optional: defaults to 1536
                .label("Document")                     // Optional: defaults to "Document"
                .embeddingProperty("embedding")        // Optional: defaults to "embedding"
                .indexName(indexName)             // Optional: defaults to "spring-ai-document-index"
                .initializeSchema(initializeSchema)                // Optional: defaults to false
                .batchingStrategy(new TokenCountBatchingStrategy()) // Optional: defaults to TokenCountBatchingStrategy
                .build();
    }
}

Neo4jController

java 复制代码

package com.spring.ai.tutorial.vector.controller;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.ai.document.Document;
import org.springframework.ai.vectorstore.SearchRequest;
import org.springframework.ai.vectorstore.filter.Filter;
import org.springframework.ai.vectorstore.filter.FilterExpressionBuilder;
import org.springframework.ai.vectorstore.neo4j.Neo4jVectorStore;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author yingzi
 * @since 2025/9/8
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/vector/neo4j")
public class Neo4jController {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Neo4jController.class);
    private final Neo4jVectorStore neo4jVectorStore;

    @Autowired
    public Neo4jController(@Qualifier("neo4jVectorStore") Neo4jVectorStore neo4jVectorStore) {
        this.neo4jVectorStore = neo4jVectorStore;
    }

    @GetMapping("/add")
    public void add() {
        logger.info("start import data");

        HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("id", "12345");
        map.put("year", 2025);
        map.put("name", "yingzi");
        List<Document> documents = List.of(
                new Document("The World is Big and Salvation Lurks Around the Corner"),
                new Document("You walk forward facing the past and you turn back toward the future.", Map.of("year", 2024)),
                new Document("Spring AI rocks!! Spring AI rocks!! Spring AI rocks!! Spring AI rocks!! Spring AI rocks!!", map));
        neo4jVectorStore.add(documents);
    }

    @GetMapping("/search")
    public List<Document> search() {
        logger.info("start search data");
        return neo4jVectorStore.similaritySearch(SearchRequest
                .builder()
                .query("Spring")
                .topK(2)
                .build());
    }

    @GetMapping("delete-filter")
    public void deleteFilter() {
        logger.info("start delete data with filter");
        FilterExpressionBuilder b = new FilterExpressionBuilder();
        Filter.Expression expression = b.and(
                b.in("year", 2025, 2024),
                b.eq("name", "yingzi")
        ).build();

        neo4jVectorStore.delete(expression);
    }
}