长难句分析
英语
每日一句
The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing --- Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn , but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service , which doesn't have any physical product at all .(2018, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)
词汇
digital economy: 数字经济
astonishing: adj. 使人吃惊的，惊人的
astonish: v. 使惊讶；使害怕
astonishment: n. 惊讶；令人惊讶的事物
purchase: v. 购买
upmarket: adj. 高端的，高级的
grocery chain: 杂货连锁店
acquire: v. 购得，得到，获得
physical product: 实体产品
第一步：找谓语
The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing --- Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn , but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service , which doesn't have any physical product at all .
第二步：断句
原句中存在4处谓语，包含4件事，其谓语分别位于以下位置：
- is 为主句谓语
- has announced 为破折号后的主句谓语
- paid 为 but 引导的转折并列句谓语
- doesn't have 为 which 引导的定语从句谓语
按照标点、引导词以及谓语，可以将原句断开为以下分句：
- The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing --- ------ 主句1
- Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn , ------ 主句2
- but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service , ------ 转折并列句
- which doesn't have any physical product at all . ------ 定语从句
第三步：简化
主句1
The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing ---
- 主句主语部分：The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy
- 定冠词：the 修饰名词：power 与名词：ambition
- 名词：power 与名词：ambition 通过并列连词：and 连接，共同作为主句的主语核心部分
- 介词短语：of of the giants of the digital economy 为后置定语，修饰名词词组：the power and ambition
- 介词短语：of the digital economy 为后置定语，修饰名词：giants
- 主句谓语部分：is 为系动词，后接表语
- 主句表语部分：astonishing --- 为形容词作表语
去掉主句扩展部分，就得到了主句核心：
- ...... power and ambition ...... is astonishing --- ...... 能力与野心 ...... 是使人惊讶的
主句2
Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn ,
- 主句主语部分：Amazon
- 主句谓语部分：has just announced 为及物动词的现在完成时态，后接宾语
- 副词：just 修饰动词：has announced ，表示时间
- 主句宾语部分：the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn ,
- 定冠词：the 修饰名词：purchase
- 名词：purchase 为主句宾语核心词
- 介词短语：of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods 为后置定语，修饰名词：purchase 表示其具体范围
- 介词短语：for $13.5bn , 为后置定语，修饰名词：purchase 表示价值
去掉主句扩展部分，就得到了主句核心：
- Amazon has ...... announced ...... purchase ...... ------ 亚马逊已经......声明......购买......
转折并列句
but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service ,
- 并列句引导词：but 引导转折并列句，该部分与前一句为并列主句，共同解释主句1
- 主句主语部分：two years ago Facebook
- 时间状语：two years ago 修饰句子，说明具体时间
- 名词：Facebook 为主句主语核心词
- 主句谓语部分：paid 为及物动词，后接宾语
- 主句宾语部分：even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service
- 副词：even 修饰句子，表示程度
- 代词：more 为该部分宾语核心词
- 介词短语：than that 为同位语，修饰代词：more，表示具体的比较对象
- 非谓语动词：to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service 为目的状语，修饰句子，说明具体的目的
去掉主句扩展部分，就得到了主句核心：
- but ...... Facebook paid ...... more ...... ------ 但是 ...... 脸书支付了...... 更多 ......
定语从句
which doesn't have any physical product at all .
- 从句引导词：which 引导定语从句，修饰名词：service
- 引导词在从句中充当主语
- 从句谓语部分：doesn't have 为及物动词的否定语态，后接宾语
- 从句宾语部分：any physical product at all .
- 代词：any 与形容词：physical 修饰名词：product
- 介词短语：at all 为程度状语，修饰句子，说明动作发生的程度
去掉从句扩展部分，就得到了从句核心：
- which doesn't have ...... product ...... ------ 服务没有...... 产品......