【Linux网络】应用层协议HTTP

应用层协议HTTP

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文章目录

• 应用层协议HTTP
• • HTTP协议
  • HTTP协议请求与响应格式
  • HTTP的方法
  • HTTP的状态码
  • HTTP常见Header

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HTTP协议

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HTTP协议请求与响应格式

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下面是http响应

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HTTP响应：

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HTTP的方法

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代码如下（示例）：

要通过历史写的http服务器，验证GET⽅法, 这⾥需要了解⼀下FORM表单的问题
这⾥就要引⼊web根⽬录，⽂件读取的基本操作了
std::string GetFileContentHelper(const std::string& path)
{
	// ⼀份简单的读取⼆进制⽂件的代码
	std::ifstream in(path, std::ios::binary);
	if (!in.is_open())
		return "";
	in.seekg(0, in.end);
	int filesize = in.tellg();
	in.seekg(0, in.beg);
	std::string content;
	content.resize(filesize);
	in.read((char*)content.c_str(), filesize);
	// std::vector<char> content(filesize);
	// in.read(content.data(), filesize);
	in.close();
	return content;
}

代码如下（示例）：

// curl -i 显⽰
$ curl -i www.baidu.com
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, proxy-revalidate, no-transform
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 2381
Content-Type: text/html
Date: Sun, 16 Jun 2024 08:38:04 GMT
Etag: "588604dc-94d"
Last-Modified: Mon, 23 Jan 2017 13:27:56 GMT
Pragma: no-cache
Server: bfe/1.0.8.18
Set-Cookie: BDORZ=27315; max-age=86400; domain=.baidu.com; path=/
<!DOCTYPE html>
...
// 使⽤head⽅法，只会返回响应头
$ curl --head www.baidu.com
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, proxy-revalidate, no-transform
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 277
Content-Type: text/html
Date: Sun, 16 Jun 2024 08:43:38 GMT
Etag: "575e1f71-115"
Last-Modified: Mon, 13 Jun 2016 02:50:25 GMT
Pragma: no-cache
Server: bfe/1.0.8.18 

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HTTP的状态码

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HTTP常见Header

cookie 和 session 会话管理和会话保持

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