练习nginx 的https的搭建

一、要求

1.防火墙不能关闭， 让其开发http协议和https协议

2.该网站具备账户验证

3.https

二、试验步骤

1、开启防火墙，并检查防火墙状态

2、防火墙配置开放HTTP/HTTPS

3、安装nginx,并启动 systemctl enable nginx

4、创建SSL证书和密钥

5、创建密码文件用于HTTP认证

6、将密码文件复制到Nginx配置目录并设置权限

将密码文件复制到/etc/nginx/passwd

cp passwd /etc/nginx/passwd
设置密码文件权限为644

chmod 644 /etc/nginx/passwd
验证密码文件是否成功复制

ls -la /etc/nginx/passwd

7、创建完整的Nginx HTTPS配置文件

vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
 
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
 
events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}
 
http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
 
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
 
    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;
 
    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;
 
    # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
    # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
    # for more information.
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
 
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  _;
        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;
 
        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
 
        location / {
        }
 
        error_page 404 /404.html;
            location = /40x.html {
        }
 
        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
        }
    }
 
    # HTTPS server configuration
    server {
        listen 443 ssl http2;
        server_name www.haqimi.com www.manbo.com;
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
 
        # SSL certificate configuration
        ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/lyh.crt;
        ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/lyh.key;
 
        # SSL protocol and cipher configuration
        ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
        ssl_ciphers "ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305";
        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
        ssl_session_timeout 10m;
 
        # HTTP Basic Authentication
        auth_basic "input your passwd";
        auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/passwd;
 
        location / {
            index index.html index.htm;
        }
    }
 
    # HTTP to HTTPS redirect
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name www.haqimi.com www.manbo.com;
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    }
}

8、创建SSL证书目录，复制证书和密钥到SSL目录

mkdir -p /etc/nginx/ssl

cp lyh.crt /etc/nginx/ssl/

cp lyh.key /etc/nginx/ssl/

9、重启Nginx服务以应用新配置、检查Nginx服务状态、测试Nginx配置文件语法是否正确

systemctl restart nginx
systemctl status nginx
nginx -t

10、开放http80的端口和https443的端口

root@localhost \~\]# firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --permanent \[root@localhost \~\]# firewall-cmd --add-port=443/tcp --permanent \[root@localhost \~\]# firewall-cmd --reload  11、添加域名解析记录到/etc/hosts，并用curl -I http://www.haqimi.com测试  12、浏览器验证