Mac上的linux虚拟机踩坑日记

浏览器

arm64版本的chrome：sudo apt install chromium-browser

输入法

安装中文输入法：sudo apt install ibus-rime
系统设置 -> keyboard -> Input Source -> Add Input Source -> ... -> other -> Chinese(Rime)

fish

安装fish：sudo apt install fish
找到fish：which fish，应该输入的是/usr/bin/fish
chsh -s /usr/bin/fish
我目前的config保存

bash 复制代码

parallels@ubuntu-linux-2404 ~> cat ~/.config/fish/config.fish
if status is-interactive
  # Commands to run in interactive sessions can go here
  # fish
  set -g fish_greeting # 关闭默认的 fish 提示信息

  # System - platform
  if test (uname -m) = "arm64" || test (uname -m) = "aarch64"
    echo "⚙️  platform: linux ARM64"
  else
    echo "⚙️  platform: linux x86_64"
  end

  # System - proxy
  set -gx switch_proxy "on" # "on" or "off"
  if test $switch_proxy = "on"
    set -gx no_proxy "localhost,127.0.0.1,localaddress,.localdomain.com"
    set -gx http_proxy "http://127.0.0.1:7897"
    set -gx https_proxy $http_proxy
    set -gx all_proxy "socks5://127.0.0.1:7897"
    echo "✈️  proxy: $http_proxy"
  else
    echo "✈️  proxy: off"
  end

  # fnm
  set FNM_PATH "/home/parallels/.local/share/fnm"
  if [ -d "$FNM_PATH" ]
    set PATH "$FNM_PATH" $PATH
    fnm env | source
 end

  printf "🐢 "
  fnm env --use-on-cd | source
  set -gx nodev 22
  if test $nodev = 16
    fnm use 16.20.2
    set -e NODE_OPTIONS # node 16需要开这个
  end
  if test $nodev = 18
    fnm use 18.16.0
  end
  if test $nodev = 22
    fnm use 22.15.0
  end

end

fish美化

https://github.com/oh-my-fish/oh-my-fish/releases/

去下载oh-my-fish，然后去有install.sh的那个目录，./install.sh就可以了。

资料：https://www.cnblogs.com/aaroncoding/p/17118251.html

fnm

我们不能用apt去安装，fnm的github官方仓库为我们提供了支持fish的命令，直接运行curl -fsSL https://fnm.vercel.app/install | bash

docker

arm64版本没有docker-desktop版本，我们只能安装engine

首先下载gep

第一步

bash 复制代码

# Add Docker's official GPG key:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install ca-certificates curl
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
sudo curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

其中的curl这一步我下不下来，所以去浏览器下载了这个文件到~/downloads/gep，然后手动复制的

bash 复制代码

parallels@ubuntu-linux-2404 ~ [1]> sudo curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

curl: (35) Recv failure: Connection reset by peer
parallels@ubuntu-linux-2404 ~ [35]> sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
parallels@ubuntu-linux-2404 ~> sudo mv ~/Downloads/gpg /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
parallels@ubuntu-linux-2404 ~> sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
parallels@ubuntu-linux-2404 ~>

第二步

官方的bash的命令

bash 复制代码

# Add the repository to Apt sources:
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.sources <<EOF
Types: deb
URIs: https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu
Suites: $(. /etc/os-release && echo "${UBUNTU_CODENAME:-$VERSION_CODENAME}")
Components: stable
Signed-By: /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
EOF

我改成了fish的命令

bash 复制代码

set ubuntu_codename (lsb_release -cs)
echo "检测到 Ubuntu 版本: $ubuntu_codename"

echo "Types: deb
URIs: https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu
Suites: $ubuntu_codename
Components: stable
Signed-By: /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.sources

第三步的sudo apt update我出现了报错

然后我运行了

bash 复制代码

# 更新 CA 证书
sudo apt install --reinstall ca-certificates

# 确保系统时间正确（TLS 需要准确时间）
sudo apt install ntpdate
sudo ntpdate pool.ntp.org

再去更新就没错饿了。

第四步，安装docker的一堆内容
sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

第五步，验证docker打开了
sudo systemctl status docker

如果没打开，我们可以手动打开
sudo systemctl start docker

第六步，验证能不能运行hello world
sudo docker run hello-world

我不能运行，然后发现原来是我的梯子并没有生效，需要对守护进程也可见(为了方便，进入了bash操作的)

bash 复制代码

# 1. 首先测试代理是否正常工作
curl -x http://127.0.0.1:7897 https://hub.docker.com/

# 2. 如果代理正常，为 Docker 配置代理
sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d
sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/http-proxy.conf <<EOF
[Service]
Environment="HTTP_PROXY=http://127.0.0.1:7897"
Environment="HTTPS_PROXY=http://127.0.0.1:7897"
Environment="NO_PROXY=localhost,127.0.0.1"
EOF

# 3. 重启 Docker
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

# 4. 测试 Docker
sudo docker run hello-world

最后我们可以把用户加入docker组

bash 复制代码

# 将当前用户加入 docker 组（请确保现在不是root）
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
# 或者你直接指定你的账户
# sudo usermod -aG docker parallels

# 重新登录或刷新组权限
newgrp docker

# 验证是否生效
groups

# 重新登录或刷新组权限
newgrp docker

# 或者重启系统
sudo reboot