一、项目中效果

二、实现
ValueAnimator + LinearGradient + Matrix平移
- ValueAnimator:循环生成 0~1 的进度值
- LinearGradient:创建比视图宽 2 倍的渐变,避免流动时出现断层
- Matrix 平移:通过进度值控制渐变的水平偏移,实现流动效果
三、示例代码
1、自定义view代码(以粉蓝渐变相融流动效果为例)
kotlin
package com.voicerobot.lottie.widget
import android.animation.ValueAnimator
import android.content.Context
import android.graphics.Canvas
import android.graphics.LinearGradient
import android.graphics.Matrix
import android.graphics.Paint
import android.graphics.Shader
import android.util.AttributeSet
import android.view.View
import android.view.animation.LinearInterpolator
import androidx.annotation.ColorInt
import androidx.core.content.withStyledAttributes
import com.voicerobot.lottie.R
class GradientBackgroundView @JvmOverloads constructor(
context: Context,
attrs: AttributeSet? = null,
defStyleAttr: Int = 0,
) : View(context, attrs, defStyleAttr) {
private val paint = Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG)
@ColorInt
private var colorStart: Int = 0xFFFF4FD8.toInt() //粉色
@ColorInt
private var colorEnd: Int = 0xFF3D8BFF.toInt() //蓝色
private var shader: LinearGradient? = null
private val shaderMatrix = Matrix()
private var animator: ValueAnimator? = null
private var progress: Float = 0f // 动画进度(0~1)
private var intensity: Float = 1f // 动画强度(0~1,0=无动画)
private var speedPxPerSec: Float = 180f // 流动速度(px/秒)
init {
// 读取自定义属性(可选)
context.withStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.GradientBackgroundView) {
intensity = getFloat(R.styleable.GradientBackgroundView_gbvIntensity, 1f)
speedPxPerSec = getFloat(R.styleable.GradientBackgroundView_gbvSpeedPxPerSec, 180f)
}
}
override fun onAttachedToWindow() {
super.onAttachedToWindow()
startAnimIfPossible()
}
override fun onDetachedFromWindow() {
stopAnim()
super.onDetachedFromWindow()
}
override fun onSizeChanged(w: Int, h: Int, oldw: Int, oldh: Int) {
super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh)
if (w <= 0 || h <= 0) return
// 创建2倍宽度的渐变(保证流动时无断层)
val gradientWidth = w * 2f
shader = LinearGradient(
0f, 0f,
gradientWidth, h.toFloat(),
intArrayOf(colorStart, colorEnd, colorStart), // 首尾同色,循环无断层
floatArrayOf(0f, 0.5f, 1f),
Shader.TileMode.CLAMP
)
paint.shader = shader
startAnimIfPossible()
}
override fun onDraw(canvas: Canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas)
val w = width
val h = height
if (w <= 0 || h <= 0) return
val currentShader = shader ?: return
// 根据进度平移渐变
val dx = (w * progress) * intensity
shaderMatrix.reset()
shaderMatrix.setTranslate(dx, 0f)
currentShader.setLocalMatrix(shaderMatrix)
// 绘制渐变背景
canvas.drawRect(0f, 0f, w.toFloat(), h.toFloat(), paint)
}
/** 自定义渐变颜色 */
fun setColors(@ColorInt startColor: Int, @ColorInt endColor: Int) {
colorStart = startColor
colorEnd = endColor
requestLayout()
invalidate()
}
/** 设置动画强度(0=静止,1=最大流动) */
fun setIntensity(value: Float) {
intensity = value.coerceIn(0f, 1f)
invalidate()
}
/** 设置流动速度(px/秒) */
fun setSpeedPxPerSec(value: Float) {
speedPxPerSec = value.coerceAtLeast(10f)
restartAnim()
}
private fun startAnimIfPossible() {
if (width <= 0 || height <= 0) return
if (animator?.isStarted == true) return
// 根据视图宽度和速度计算动画时长
val w = width.coerceAtLeast(1)
val durationMs = ((w / speedPxPerSec) * 1000f).toLong().coerceAtLeast(1200L)
animator = ValueAnimator.ofFloat(0f, 1f).apply {
duration = durationMs
repeatCount = ValueAnimator.INFINITE
repeatMode = ValueAnimator.RESTART
interpolator = LinearInterpolator()
addUpdateListener {
progress = it.animatedValue as Float
invalidate()
}
start()
}
}
private fun restartAnim() {
stopAnim()
startAnimIfPossible()
}
private fun stopAnim() {
animator?.cancel()
animator = null
}
}
2、自定义属性
在 res/values/attrs.xml 中添加自定义属性
xml
<resources>
<declare-styleable name="GradientBackgroundView">
<!-- 动画强度(0~1) -->
<attr name="gbvIntensity" format="float" />
<!-- 流动速度(px/秒) -->
<attr name="gbvSpeedPxPerSec" format="float" />
</declare-styleable>
</resources>
四、使用
1、在布局中直接引用
ini
<com.voicerobot.lottie.widget.GradientBackgroundView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
app:gbvIntensity="0.8"
app:gbvSpeedPxPerSec="200" />
2、代码中动态配置
scss
// 自定义颜色
gradientView.setColors(0xFF00FF00.toInt(), 0xFFFF0000.toInt())
// 调整动画强度(比如滑动时减弱动画)
gradientView.setIntensity(0.5f)
// 调整流动速度
gradientView.setSpeedPxPerSec(250f)
五、关键细节解析
- 2 倍宽度渐变 :创建比视图宽 2 倍的渐变,配合首尾同色(
colorStart -> colorEnd -> colorStart),保证流动时无断层。 - 动画时长自适应:根据视图宽度和速度(px / 秒)计算动画时长,不同尺寸的视图流动速度一致。
- 生命周期管理 :在
onAttachedToWindow启动动画、onDetachedFromWindow停止动画,避免内存泄漏。 - 性能优化 :仅在视图尺寸变化时重建渐变,动画仅触发
invalidate()更新绘制,性能开销极低。