Vite 是一个前端构建工具,他与Webpack最大时的区别就是开发时的工作方式,webpack是先把整个项目分析一遍,打包成bundle,再起服务,项目一大,启动和热更新就慢
Vite在开发阶段直接基于浏览器原生的ES Module,把打包这件事往后拖,浏览器用到哪个模块,服务端才即时处理哪个模块,所以启动非常快
优势主要提现在:
项目越大,开发阶段的速度优势越明显,配置层面比Webpack简单,很多常见能力是内置的
对Vue3,React,ts的支持非常自然,不需要太多额外配置
缺点: 天然依赖ESM,对老旧浏览器支持不太友好,还有一些高度定制的老Webpack项目,迁移成本会比较高
一. 开发服务器选项(开发环境)
1.port 端口号
2.open : 自动打开浏览器
3.host: 是否允许局域网访问
4.strictPort: 端口被占用是否报错
5.proxy : 代理
export default defineConfig({
server: {
port: 3000, //端口号
open: true, //自动打开浏览器
host: true, //是否允许局域网访问
strictPort: true, //端口被占用是否报错
//代理
proxy: {
'/api': {
target: 'http://localhost:8080',
changeOrigin: true
}
}
}
})
二. 生产的构建配置 build
1.outDir 打包输出目录,默认dist
2. assetsDir 静态资源放的子目录,默认assets
3. 打包后chunk 体积警告阈值,单位是KB
4. reportCompressedSize: false 是否统计gzip/brotli的体积
5. minify: 是否压缩代码,
6. rellupOptions Vite生产构建底层就是Rollup,这里是直接控制Rollup行为
optput配置
入口文件输出规则:
name\]: 入口名(如index) \[hash\]: 内容hash 输出到js/目录 > build: { > > chunkSizeWarningLimit: 2000, // 消除打包大小超过500kb警告 > > reportCompressedSize: false, > > minify: isProduction ? "esbuild" : false, // 只在生产环境启用压缩 > > rollupOptions: { > > output: { > > // manualChunks: { > > // "vue-i18n": \["vue-i18n"\], > > // }, > > // 用于从入口点创建的块的打包输出格式\[name\]表示文件名,\[hash\]表示该文件内容hash值 > > entryFileNames: "js/\[name\].\[hash\].js", > > // 用于命名代码拆分时创建的共享块的输出命名 > > chunkFileNames: "js/\[name\].\[hash\].js", > > // 用于输出静态资源的命名,\[ext\]表示文件扩展名 > > assetFileNames: (assetInfo: any) =\> { > > const info = assetInfo.name.split("."); > > let extType = info\[info.length - 1\]; > > // console.log('文件信息', assetInfo.name) > > if (/\\.(mp4\|webm\|ogg\|mp3\|wav\|flac\|aac)(\\?.\*)?$/i.test(assetInfo.name)) { > > extType = "media"; > > } else if (/\\.(png\|jpe?g\|gif\|svg)(\\?.\*)?$/.test(assetInfo.name)) { > > extType = "img"; > > } else if (/\\.(woff2?\|eot\|ttf\|otf)(\\?.\*)?$/i.test(assetInfo.name)) { > > extType = "fonts"; > > } > > return \`${extType}/\[name\].\[hash\].\[ext\]\`; > > }, > > }, > > }, > > }, ## 三.共享选项 #### 1. resolve 别名配置 > resolve: { > > alias: { > > "@": pathSrc, > > }, > > }, #### 2. css.preprocessorOptions 全局默认引入变量css > resolve: { > > alias: { > > "@": pathSrc, > > }, > > }, > > css: { > > preprocessorOptions: { > > scss: { additionalData: \`@use "@/styles/variables.scss" as \*;\` } > > } > > } 作用: 给每一个css文件自动注入这一行,相当于全局默认引入变量文件 *** ** * ** *** > build: { > > chunkSizeWarningLimit: 2000, // 消除打包大小超过500kb警告 > > reportCompressedSize: false, > > minify: isProduction ? "esbuild" : false, // 只在生产环境启用压缩 > > rollupOptions: { > > output: { > > // manualChunks: { > > // "vue-i18n": \["vue-i18n"\], > > // }, > > // 用于从入口点创建的块的打包输出格式\[name\]表示文件名,\[hash\]表示该文件内容hash值 > > entryFileNames: "js/\[name\].\[hash\].js", > > // 用于命名代码拆分时创建的共享块的输出命名 > > chunkFileNames: "js/\[name\].\[hash\].js", > > // 用于输出静态资源的命名,\[ext\]表示文件扩展名 > > assetFileNames: (assetInfo: any) =\> { > > const info = assetInfo.name.split("."); > > let extType = info\[info.length - 1\]; > > // console.log('文件信息', assetInfo.name) > > if (/\\.(mp4\|webm\|ogg\|mp3\|wav\|flac\|aac)(\\?.\*)?$/i.test(assetInfo.name)) { > > extType = "media"; > > } else if (/\\.(png\|jpe?g\|gif\|svg)(\\?.\*)?$/.test(assetInfo.name)) { > > extType = "img"; > > } else if (/\\.(woff2?\|eot\|ttf\|otf)(\\?.\*)?$/i.test(assetInfo.name)) { > > extType = "fonts"; > > } > > return \`${extType}/\[name\].\[hash\].\[ext\]\`; > > }, > > }, > > }, > > }, #### 3.插件 plugins 1. plugin-vue 解析.vue文件 2. AutoImport 自动导入: 导入ref,reactive,toRef等 * resolves 第三方ui库 * eslintrc 解决ESlint 报未定义变量的问题 * vueTemplate 让template 里也支持自动导入,否则只在script生效 * dts 是否生成类型声明文件 3. 组件自动导入 * resolves 让ElementPlus 组件自动按需引入 * dts : false * dirs: 指定自定义组件位置,默认src/components #### 4. optimizeDeps 预加载项目必须的组件 #### 5.esbuild: 用来在生产环境打包时把代码里的console和debugger删掉的 #### 6. define 编译器全局常量替换 > ```javascript > import vue from "@vitejs/plugin-vue"; > import { type ConfigEnv, type UserConfig, loadEnv, defineConfig, PluginOption } from "vite"; > > import AutoImport from "unplugin-auto-import/vite"; > import Components from "unplugin-vue-components/vite"; > import { ElementPlusResolver } from "unplugin-vue-components/resolvers"; > > import { mockDevServerPlugin } from "vite-plugin-mock-dev-server"; > > import UnoCSS from "unocss/vite"; > import { resolve } from "path"; > import { name, version, engines, dependencies, devDependencies } from "./package.json"; > > // 平台的名称、版本、运行所需的 node 版本、依赖、构建时间的类型提示 > const __APP_INFO__ = { > pkg: { name, version, engines, dependencies, devDependencies }, > buildTimestamp: Date.now(), > }; > > const pathSrc = resolve(__dirname, "src"); > > // Vite配置 https://cn.vitejs.dev/config > export default defineConfig(({ mode }: ConfigEnv): UserConfig => { > const env = loadEnv(mode, process.cwd()); > const isProduction = mode === "production"; > return { > resolve: { > alias: { > "@": pathSrc, > }, > }, > css: { > preprocessorOptions: { > // 定义全局 SCSS 变量 > scss: { > additionalData: `@use "@/styles/variables.scss" as *;`, > }, > }, > }, > server: { > host: "0.0.0.0", > port: +env.VITE_APP_PORT, > open: true, > proxy: { > // 代理 /dev-api 的请求 > [env.VITE_APP_BASE_API]: { > changeOrigin: true, > // 代理目标地址:https://api.youlai.tech > target: env.VITE_APP_API_URL, > rewrite: (path: string) => path.replace(new RegExp("^" + env.VITE_APP_BASE_API), ""), > }, > }, > }, > plugins: [ > vue(), > ...(env.VITE_MOCK_DEV_SERVER === "true" ? [mockDevServerPlugin()] : []), > UnoCSS(), > // API 自动导入 > AutoImport({ > // 导入 Vue 函数,如:ref, reactive, toRef 等 > imports: ["vue", "@vueuse/core", "pinia", "vue-router", "vue-i18n"], > resolvers: [ > // 导入 Element Plus函数,如:ElMessage, ElMessageBox 等 > ElementPlusResolver({ importStyle: "sass" }), > ], > eslintrc: { > enabled: false, > filepath: "./.eslintrc-auto-import.json", > globalsPropValue: true, > }, > vueTemplate: true, > // 导入函数类型声明文件路径 (false:关闭自动生成) > dts: false, > // dts: "src/types/auto-imports.d.ts", > }), > // 组件自动导入 > Components({ > resolvers: [ > // 导入 Element Plus 组件 > ElementPlusResolver({ importStyle: "sass" }), > ], > // 指定自定义组件位置(默认:src/components) > dirs: ["src/components", "src/**/components"], > // 导入组件类型声明文件路径 (false:关闭自动生成) > dts: false, > //dts: "src/types/components.d.ts", > }), > ] as PluginOption[], > // 预加载项目必需的组件 > optimizeDeps: { > include: [ > "vue", > "vue-router", > "element-plus", > "pinia", > "axios", > "@vueuse/core", > "codemirror-editor-vue3", > "default-passive-events", > "exceljs", > "path-to-regexp", > "echarts/core", > "echarts/renderers", > "echarts/charts", > "echarts/components", > "vue-i18n", > "nprogress", > "sortablejs", > "qs", > "path-browserify", > "@stomp/stompjs", > "@element-plus/icons-vue", > "element-plus/es", > "element-plus/es/locale/lang/en", > "element-plus/es/locale/lang/zh-cn", > "element-plus/es/components/alert/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/avatar/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/backtop/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/badge/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/base/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/breadcrumb-item/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/breadcrumb/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/button/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/card/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/cascader/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/checkbox-group/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/checkbox/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/col/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/color-picker/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/config-provider/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/date-picker/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/descriptions-item/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/descriptions/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/dialog/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/divider/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/drawer/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/dropdown-item/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/dropdown-menu/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/dropdown/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/empty/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/form-item/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/form/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/icon/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/image-viewer/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/image/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/input-number/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/input-tag/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/input/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/link/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/loading/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/menu-item/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/menu/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/message-box/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/message/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/notification/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/option/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/pagination/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/popover/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/progress/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/radio-button/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/radio-group/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/radio/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/row/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/scrollbar/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/select/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/skeleton-item/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/skeleton/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/step/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/steps/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/sub-menu/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/switch/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/tab-pane/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/table-column/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/table/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/tabs/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/tag/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/text/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/time-picker/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/time-select/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/timeline-item/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/timeline/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/tooltip/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/tree-select/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/tree/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/upload/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/watermark/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/checkbox-button/style/index", > "element-plus/es/components/space/style/index", > ], > }, > esbuild: isProduction > ? { > drop: ["console", "debugger"], > } > : undefined, > // 构建配置 > build: { > chunkSizeWarningLimit: 2000, // 消除打包大小超过500kb警告 > reportCompressedSize: false, > minify: isProduction ? "esbuild" : false, // 只在生产环境启用压缩 > rollupOptions: { > output: { > // manualChunks: { > // "vue-i18n": ["vue-i18n"], > // }, > // 用于从入口点创建的块的打包输出格式[name]表示文件名,[hash]表示该文件内容hash值 > entryFileNames: "js/[name].[hash].js", > // 用于命名代码拆分时创建的共享块的输出命名 > chunkFileNames: "js/[name].[hash].js", > // 用于输出静态资源的命名,[ext]表示文件扩展名 > assetFileNames: (assetInfo: any) => { > const info = assetInfo.name.split("."); > let extType = info[info.length - 1]; > // console.log('文件信息', assetInfo.name) > if (/\.(mp4|webm|ogg|mp3|wav|flac|aac)(\?.*)?$/i.test(assetInfo.name)) { > extType = "media"; > } else if (/\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/.test(assetInfo.name)) { > extType = "img"; > } else if (/\.(woff2?|eot|ttf|otf)(\?.*)?$/i.test(assetInfo.name)) { > extType = "fonts"; > } > return `${extType}/[name].[hash].[ext]`; > }, > }, > }, > }, > define: { > __APP_INFO__: JSON.stringify(__APP_INFO__), > }, > }; > }); > ``` >