Matlab批量修改文件夹的名称

一、简介

因为工程需要，现在需要对文件夹的名称进行批量修改。原本的文件夹名称是从随机数字开始排序的，如图所示：

现在需要将其改为从1开始排序。

在这个过程中出现了一些问题，在此记录一下。

参考链接：
link1
link2

二、解决过程

修改文件夹名称的代码参考link1。代码如下：

matlab 复制代码

close all;
clear all;

folder_path = 'E:\DataSet\。。。\Images'; 

% 手动打开要修改名称的文件夹的上一层文件夹
folder=dir(folder_path);
oldname=cell(length(folder)-2,1);
for ii=3:length(folder)
   oldname{ii-2}=folder(ii).name;
end

sort_nat_name=sort_nat({oldname});

% 提取出要修改文件夹的名称
newname=cell(length(oldname),1);
for ii=1:length(oldname)
   a=ii;
   newname{ii}=num2str(a);

   if newname{ii} == oldname{ii}
       continue
   end
   % 新的文件夹名称 
   movefile([folder_path '\' oldname{ii}],[folder_path '\' newname{ii}])

   % 利用movefile函数进行修改
end

三、问题记录

（一）问题1

问题描述：使用dir函数读取的文件名顺序与实际顺序不符

文件夹的名称显然是按照文件顺序来修改的，读取顺序与实际顺序不符则修改的也会出问题。

实际文件顺序如图所示：

读取后的名称顺序为：

原因在于dir读取的文件顺序不是按照十进制排序的。
解决方案：

参考link2，我们中间添加一个 sort_nat() 函数，对files.name 进行排序。

sort_nat() 函数如下所示：

matlab 复制代码

%sort_nat具体内容
function [cs,index] = sort_nat(c,mode)
%sort_nat: Natural order sort of cell array of strings.
% usage:  [S,INDEX] = sort_nat(C)
%
% where,
%    C is a cell array (vector) of strings to be sorted.
%    S is C, sorted in natural order.
%    INDEX is the sort order such that S = C(INDEX);
%
% Natural order sorting sorts strings containing digits in a way such that
% the numerical value of the digits is taken into account.  It is
% especially useful for sorting file names containing index numbers with
% different numbers of digits.  Often, people will use leading zeros to get
% the right sort order, but with this function you don't have to do that.
% For example, if C = {'file1.txt','file2.txt','file10.txt'}, a normal sort
% will give you
%
%       {'file1.txt'  'file10.txt'  'file2.txt'}
%
% whereas, sort_nat will give you
%
%       {'file1.txt'  'file2.txt'  'file10.txt'}
%
% See also: sort

% Version: 1.4, 22 January 2011
% Author:  Douglas M. Schwarz
% Email:   dmschwarz=ieee*org, dmschwarz=urgrad*rochester*edu
% Real_email = regexprep(Email,{'=','*'},{'@','.'})


% Set default value for mode if necessary.
if nargin < 2
    mode = 'ascend';
end

% Make sure mode is either 'ascend' or 'descend'.
modes = strcmpi(mode,{'ascend','descend'});
is_descend = modes(2);
if ~any(modes)
    error('sort_nat:sortDirection',...
        'sorting direction must be ''ascend'' or ''descend''.')
end

% Replace runs of digits with '0'.
c2 = regexprep(c,'\d+','0');

% Compute char version of c2 and locations of zeros.
s1 = char(c2);
z = s1 == '0';

% Extract the runs of digits and their start and end indices.
[digruns,first,last] = regexp(c,'\d+','match','start','end');

% Create matrix of numerical values of runs of digits and a matrix of the
% number of digits in each run.
num_str = length(c);
max_len = size(s1,2);
num_val = NaN(num_str,max_len);
num_dig = NaN(num_str,max_len);
for i = 1:num_str
    num_val(i,z(i,:)) = sscanf(sprintf('%s ',digruns{i}{:}),'%f');
    num_dig(i,z(i,:)) = last{i} - first{i} + 1;
end

% Find columns that have at least one non-NaN.  Make sure activecols is a
% 1-by-n vector even if n = 0.
activecols = reshape(find(~all(isnan(num_val))),1,[]);
n = length(activecols);

% Compute which columns in the composite matrix get the numbers.
numcols = activecols + (1:2:2*n);

% Compute which columns in the composite matrix get the number of digits.
ndigcols = numcols + 1;

% Compute which columns in the composite matrix get chars.
charcols = true(1,max_len + 2*n);
charcols(numcols) = false;
charcols(ndigcols) = false;

% Create and fill composite matrix, comp.
comp = zeros(num_str,max_len + 2*n);
comp(:,charcols) = double(s1);
comp(:,numcols) = num_val(:,activecols);
comp(:,ndigcols) = num_dig(:,activecols);

% Sort rows of composite matrix and use index to sort c in ascending or
% descending order, depending on mode.
[unused,index] = sortrows(comp);
if is_descend
    index = index(end:-1:1);
end
index = reshape(index,size(c));
cs = c(index);

（二）问题2

问题描述：

bash 复制代码

错误使用 regexprep
所有元胞都必须为字符行向量。

这里我读取的 oldname 为列向量，因此在运行 sort_nat() 函数时出现了错误。

解决方案：

这里我先将 oldname 转置为行向量，排序完成后再将其变为列向量。

四、整体代码

主函数整体代码如下：

matlab 复制代码

close all;
clear all;

folder_path = 'E:\DataSet\。。。\Images'; 

% 手动打开要修改名称的文件夹的上一层文件夹
folder=dir(folder_path);
oldname0=cell(length(folder)-2,1);
for ii=3:length(folder)
   oldname0{ii-2}=folder(ii).name;
end

oldname_t = oldname0';

sort_nat_name=sort_nat(oldname_t);

oldname = sort_nat_name';

% 提取出要修改文件夹的名称
newname=cell(length(oldname),1);
for ii=1:length(oldname)
   a=ii;
   newname{ii}=num2str(a);

   if newname{ii} == oldname{ii}
       continue
   end
   % 新的文件夹名称 
   movefile([folder_path '\' oldname{ii}],[folder_path '\' newname{ii}])

   % 利用movefile函数进行修改
end