Nginx中建立下载服务器
root@Nginx \~\]# mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/download
\[root@Nginx \~\]# cp /etc/passwd /usr/local/nginx/download/
\[root@Nginx \~\]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/usr/local/nginx/download/bigfile bs=1M count=100
记录了100+0 的读入
记录了100+0 的写出
104857600字节（105 MB，100 MiB）已复制，0.152409 s，688 MB/s
\[root@Nginx \~\]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/vhosts.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name lee.timinglee.org;
error_page 404 405 503 502 /error;
error_log logs/timinglee.org/lee.error error;
location /lee {
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
}
location /error {
alias /usr/local/nginx/errorpage/errormessage;
}
location /download {
root /usr/local/nginx;
}
}
\[root@Nginx \~\]# nginx -s reload
### 1.启用列表功能
\[root@Nginx \~\]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/vhosts.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name lee.timinglee.org;
error_page 404 405 503 502 /error;
error_log logs/timinglee.org/lee.error error;
location /lee {
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
}
location /error {
alias /usr/local/nginx/errorpage/errormessage;
}
location /download {
root /usr/local/nginx;
autoindex on;
}
}
\[root@Nginx \~\]# nginx -s reload
### 2.下载控速
\[root@Nginx \~\]# wget http://lee.timinglee.org/download/bigfile
--2026-02-01 11:37:52-- http://lee.timinglee.org/download/bigfile
正在解析主机 lee.timinglee.org (lee.timinglee.org)... 172.25.254.100
正在连接 lee.timinglee.org (lee.timinglee.org)\|172.25.254.100\|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：104857600 (100M) \[application/octet-stream
正在保存至: "bigfile"
bigfile 100%[=================================>] 100.00M 232MB/s 用时 0.4s
2026-02-01 11:37:52 (232 MB/s) - 已保存 "bigfile" [104857600/104857600])
root@Nginx \~\]# rm -fr bigfile
\[root@Nginx \~\]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/vhosts.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name lee.timinglee.org;
error_page 404 405 503 502 /error;
error_log logs/timinglee.org/lee.error error;
location /lee {
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
}
location /error {
alias /usr/local/nginx/errorpage/errormessage;
}
location /download {
root /usr/local/nginx;
autoindex on;
limit_rate 1024k;
}
}
\[root@Nginx \~\]# nginx -s reload
\[root@Nginx \~\]# wget http://lee.timinglee.org/download/bigfile
--2026-02-01 11:39:09-- http://lee.timinglee.org/download/bigfile
正在解析主机 lee.timinglee.org (lee.timinglee.org)... 172.25.254.100
正在连接 lee.timinglee.org (lee.timinglee.org)\|172.25.254.100\|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：104857600 (100M) \[application/octet-stream
正在保存至: "bigfile"
bigfile 12%[===> ] 12.00M 1.00MB/s 剩余 88s
3.显示文件大小优化
root@Nginx \~\]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/vhosts.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name lee.timinglee.org;
error_page 404 405 503 502 /error;
error_log logs/timinglee.org/lee.error error;
location /lee {
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
}
location /error {
alias /usr/local/nginx/errorpage/errormessage;
}
location /download {
root /usr/local/nginx;
autoindex on;
limit_rate 1024k;
autoindex_exact_size off;
}
}
\[root@Nginx \~\]# nginx -s reload、
root@Nginx \~\]# curl lee.timinglee.org/download
\
\\301 Moved Permanently\\
\
\\301 Moved Permanently\\
\\nginx/1.28.1\
\
\
### 4.时间显示调整
\[root@Nginx \~\]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/vhosts.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name lee.timinglee.org;
error_page 404 405 503 502 /error;
error_log logs/timinglee.org/lee.error error;
location /lee {
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
}
location /error {
alias /usr/local/nginx/errorpage/errormessage;
}
location /download {
root /usr/local/nginx;
autoindex on;
limit_rate 1024k;
autoindex_exact_size off;
autoindex_localtime on;
}
}
\[root@Nginx \~\]# nginx -s reload
### 5.设定页面风格
\[root@Nginx \~\]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/conf.d/vhosts.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name lee.timinglee.org;
error_page 404 405 503 502 /error;
error_log logs/timinglee.org/lee.error error;
location /lee {
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
}
location /error {
alias /usr/local/nginx/errorpage/errormessage;
}
location /download {
root /usr/local/nginx;
autoindex on;
limit_rate 1024k;
autoindex_exact_size off;
autoindex_localtime on;
autoindex_format html \| xml \| json \| jsonp;
}
}
\[root@Nginx \~\]# nginx -s reload
## Nginx的四层负载均衡代理
### 1.实验环境（Mysql）
\[root@RS1 \~\]# dnf install mariadb-server -y
\[root@RS2 \~\]# dnf install mariadb-server -y
\[root@RS1 \~\]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf
server-id=10
\[root@RS2 \~\]# vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf
server-id=20
\[root@RS1 \~\]# systemctl enable --now mariadb
\[root@RS2 \~\]# systemctl enable --now mariadb
\[root@RS1 \~\]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 10.5.27-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB \[(none)\]\> CREATE USER lee@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'lee';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB \[(none)\]\> GRANT ALL ON \*.\* TO lee@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB \[(none)\]\>
\[root@RS2 \~\]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 10.5.27-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB \[(none)\]\> CREATE USER lee@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'lee';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB \[(none)\]\> GRANT ALL ON \*.\* TO lee@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
2.实验环境（dns）
\[root@RS1 \~\]# dnf install bind -y
\[root@RS2 \~\]# dnf install bind -y
\[root@RS1 \~\]# vim /etc/named.conf
\[root@RS2 \~\]# vim /etc/named.conf
options {
// listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };
// listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
secroots-file "/var/named/data/named.secroots";
recursing-file "/var/named/data/named.recursing";
// allow-query { localhost; };
dnssec-validation no;
\[root@RS1 \~\]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
\[root@RS2 \~\]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "timinglee.org" IN {
type master;
file "timinglee.org.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
\[root@RS1 \~\]# cd /var/named/
\[root@RS2 \~\]# cd /var/named/
\[root@RS1 named\]# cp -p named.localhost timinglee.org.zone
\[root@RS2 named\]# cp -p named.localhost timinglee.org.zone
\[root@RS1 named\]# vim timinglee.org.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA dns.timingle.org. rname.invalid. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS dns.timinglee.org.
dns A 172.25.254.10
\[root@RS2 named\]# vim timinglee.org.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA dns.timingle.org. rname.invalid. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS dns.timinglee.org.
dns A 172.25.254.20
\[root@RS2 named\]# systemctl enable --now named
#测试
\[root@RS1 named\]# dig dns.timinglee.org @172.25.254.10
; \<\<\>\> DiG 9.16.23-RH \<\<\>\> dns.timinglee.org @172.25.254.10
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; -\>\>HEADER\<\<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 24486
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 1232
; COOKIE: 4bb88849cac36aa4010000006982fef4676bf81574ab80b7 (good)
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;dns.timinglee.org. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
dns.timinglee.org. 86400 IN A 172.25.254.10
;; Query time: 3 msec
;; SERVER: 172.25.254.10#53(172.25.254.10)
;; WHEN: Wed Feb 04 16:10:28 CST 2026
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 90
\[root@RS1 named\]# dig dns.timinglee.org @172.25.254.20
; \<\<\>\> DiG 9.16.23-RH \<\<\>\> dns.timinglee.org @172.25.254.20
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; -\>\>HEADER\<\<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 42456
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 1232
; COOKIE: 7c088d4822b8f1c1010000006982fef9047f3812bdaf7c0e (good)
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;dns.timinglee.org. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
dns.timinglee.org. 86400 IN A 172.25.254.20
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 172.25.254.20#53(172.25.254.20)
;; WHEN: Wed Feb 04 16:10:33 CST 2026
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 90
### 3.tcp四层负载
\[root@Nginx conf\]# mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/tcp -p
\[root@Nginx conf\]# mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/udp -p
\[root@Nginx conf\]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
include "/usr/local/nginx/conf/tcp/\*.conf";
\[root@Nginx conf\]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/tcp/mariadb.conf
stream {
upstream mysql_server {
server 172.25.254.10:3306 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
server 172.25.254.20:3306 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
}
server {
listen 172.25.254.100:3306;
proxy_pass mysql_server;
proxy_connect_timeout 30s;
proxy_timeout 300s;
}
}
\[root@Nginx conf\]# nginx -s reload
#检测
\[root@Nginx \~\]# mysql -ulee -plee -h172.25.254.100
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 4
Server version: 10.5.27-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB \[(none)\]\> SELECT @@server_id;
+-------------+
\| @@server_id \|
+-------------+
\| 10 \|
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.001 sec)
MariaDB \[(none)\]\> quit
Bye
\[root@Nginx \~\]# mysql -ulee -plee -h172.25.254.100
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 4
Server version: 10.5.27-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB \[(none)\]\> SELECT @@server_id;
+-------------+
\| @@server_id \|
+-------------+
\| 20 \|
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.001 sec)
### 4.udp四层负载
\[root@Nginx \~\]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/tcp/mariadb.conf
stream {
upstream mysql_server {
server 172.25.254.10:3306 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
server 172.25.254.20:3306 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
}
upstream dns_server{
server 172.25.254.10:53 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
server 172.25.254.20:53 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
}
server {
listen 172.25.254.100:3306;
proxy_pass mysql_server;
proxy_connect_timeout 30s;
proxy_timeout 300s;
}
server {
listen 172.25.254.100:53 udp;
proxy_pass dns_server;
proxy_timeout 1s;
proxy_responses 1;
error_log logs/dns.log;
}
}
\[root@Nginx \~\]# nginx -s reload
#测试
\[root@Nginx \~\]# dig dns.timinglee.org @172.25.254.100
; \<\<\>\> DiG 9.16.23-RH \<\<\>\> dns.timinglee.org @172.25.254.100
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; -\>\>HEADER\<\<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 32224
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 1232
; COOKIE: 9ac742ccc566d4450100000069830452db8dce1f1b224c9f (good)
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;dns.timinglee.org. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
dns.timinglee.org. 86400 IN A 172.25.254.10
;; Query time: 2 msec
;; SERVER: 172.25.254.100#53(172.25.254.100)
;; WHEN: Wed Feb 04 16:33:22 CST 2026
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 90
\[root@Nginx \~\]# dig dns.timinglee.org @172.25.254.100
; \<\<\>\> DiG 9.16.23-RH \<\<\>\> dns.timinglee.org @172.25.254.100
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; -\>\>HEADER\<\<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 2259
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 1232
; COOKIE: 7f9ffa4884c0b685010000006983045565fd892fc72c5514 (good)
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;dns.timinglee.org. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
dns.timinglee.org. 86400 IN A 172.25.254.20
;; Query time: 2 msec
;; SERVER: 172.25.254.100#53(172.25.254.100)
;; WHEN: Wed Feb 04 16:33:25 CST 2026
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 90