eNSP_从直连到BGP全网互通

忡黑梨2026-04-30 13:56

一、拓扑图

  • AS 100：包含R1、R2、R3。内部运行RIPv2。

  • AS 200：包含R3、R4、R5。内部运行OSPF。

  • 边界互联：R3作为AS 100的边界路由器，与AS 200的R4通过eBGP互联。R4与R5之间建立iBGP。

  • 终端：PC1位于AS 100（网段100.1.1.0/24），PC2位于AS 200（网段200.1.1.0/24）。

最终目标：PC1 (100.1.1.1) 能与 PC2 (200.1.1.1) 相互ping通。

二、基础配置

1、PC1和PC2

2、R1

<Huawei>

<Huawei>

<Huawei>

<Huawei>

<Huawei>sys

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

Huaweiundo info

Huaweiundo info-center e

Huaweiundo info-center enable

Info: Information center is disabled.

Huaweisysna

Huaweisysname R1

R1

R1

R1

R1

R1int g0/0/0

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0ip add

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0ip address 100.1.1.254 255.255.255.0

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0int g0/0/1

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1ip add

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1int g0/0/2

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2ip ad

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2ip address 13.1.1.1 255.255.255.252

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2int g0/0/1

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.252

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1

3、R2

<Huawei>sys

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

Huaweiundo

Huaweiundo in

Huaweiundo info-center e

Huaweiundo info-center enable

Info: Information center is disabled.

Huaweisysn

Huaweisysname R2

R2int g0/0/0

R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0ip add

R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0ip address 12.1.1.2 30

R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0int g0/0/1

R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1ip add

R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1ip address 23.1.1.1 30

R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1q

R2

4、R3

The device is running!

<Huawei>sys

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

Huaweiundo inf

Huaweiundo info-center e

Huaweiundo info-center enable

Info: Information center is disabled.

Huaweisysn

Huaweisysname R3

R3

Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in time

Configuration console time out, please press any key to log on

<R3>

<R3>sys

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

R3int 0/0/0

^

Error: Wrong parameter found at '^' position.

R3int g0/0/0

R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0ip add

R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0ip address 13.1.1.2 30

R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0int g0/0/1

R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1ip add

R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1ip address 23.1.1.2 30

R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1int g0/0/2

R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2ip add

R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2ip address 34.1.1.1 30

R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2q

R3

5、R4

The device is running!

<Huawei>sys

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

Huaweiundo inf

Huaweiundo info-center e

Huaweiundo info-center enable

Info: Information center is disabled.

Huaweisysna

Huaweisysname R4

R4

Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in time

Configuration console time out, please press any key to log on

<R4>

<R4>sy

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

R4int g0/0/0

R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0ip add

R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0ip address 34.1.1.2 30

R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0int g0/0/1

R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1ip add

R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1ip address 45.1.1.1 30

R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1

6、R5

The device is running!

<Huawei>sys

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

Huaweiundo info

Huaweiundo info-center e

Huaweiundo info-center enable

Info: Information center is disabled.

Huaweisysn

Huaweisysname R5

R5

Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in time

Configuration console time out, please press any key to log on

<R5>

<R5>sy

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

R5int g0/0/0

R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0ip add

R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0ip address 45.1.1.2 30

R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0int g0/0/1

R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1ip a

R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1ip add

R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1ip address 200.1.1.254 24

R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1q

R5

三、基础连通性测试

<R1>sy

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

R1ping 12.1.1.2

PING 12.1.1.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 12.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=440 ms

Reply from 12.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=150 ms

Reply from 12.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=130 ms

Reply from 12.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=150 ms

Reply from 12.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=130 ms

--- 12.1.1.2 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted

5 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 130/200/440 ms

R1ping 13.1.1.2

PING 13.1.1.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 13.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=180 ms

Reply from 13.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=50 ms

Reply from 13.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=40 ms

Reply from 13.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=40 ms

Reply from 13.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=60 ms

--- 13.1.1.2 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted

5 packet(s) received

0.00% packet loss

round-trip min/avg/max = 40/74/180 ms

R1ping 23.1.1.2

PING 23.1.1.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Request time out

Request time out

Request time out

Request time out

Request time out

--- 23.1.1.2 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted

0 packet(s) received

100.00% packet loss

R1

都是类似操作

发现直连路由可以通基础配置没问题

四、查询路由表

1、R1

R1display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 13 Routes : 13

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

12.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

12.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

12.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

13.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 13.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/2

13.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/2

13.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/2

100.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 100.1.1.254 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

100.1.1.254/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

100.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

R1

2、R2

R2display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 10 Routes : 10

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

12.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

12.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

12.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

23.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 23.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

23.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

23.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

R2

3、R3

R3display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 13 Routes : 13

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

13.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 13.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

13.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

13.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

23.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 23.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

23.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

23.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

34.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 34.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/2

34.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/2

34.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/2

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

R3

4、R4

<R4>display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 10 Routes : 10

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

34.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 34.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

34.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

34.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

45.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 45.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

45.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

45.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

<R4>

5、R5

R5display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 10 Routes : 10

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

45.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 45.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

45.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

45.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

200.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 200.1.1.254 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

200.1.1.254/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

200.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

R5

当前网络状态总结

  • R1 : 有 100.1.1.0/24(PC1网段), 12.1.1.0/30, 13.1.1.0/30的路由。

  • R2 : 有 12.1.1.0/30, 23.1.1.0/30的路由。

  • R3 : 有 13.1.1.0/30, 23.1.1.0/30, 34.1.1.0/30的路由。

  • R4 : 有 34.1.1.0/30, 45.1.1.0/30的路由。

  • R5 : 有 45.1.1.0/30, 200.1.1.0/24(PC2网段) 的路由。

这导致：

  • R1 和 R2 之间能通（直连）。

  • R1 和 R3 之间能通（直连）。

  • R2 和 R3 之间能通（直连）。

  • R3 和 R4 之间能通（直连）。

  • R4 和 R5 之间能通（直连）。

  • 可以先保存一下接下来就可以做重要的配置内容了

五、rip配置（在R1, R2, R3上启用RIPv2，让AS100内部互通）

1、R1

R1rip 1

R1-rip-1version 2

R1-rip-1net

R1-rip-1network 12.0.0.0

R1-rip-1n

R1-rip-1network 13.0.0.0

R1-rip-1net

R1-rip-1network 100.0.0.0

R1-rip-1q

R1

2、R2

R2rip 1

R2-rip-1version 2

R2-rip-1n

R2-rip-1network 12.0.0.0

R2-rip-1n

R2-rip-1network 23.0.0.0

R2-rip-1

3、R3

<R3>sy

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

R3rip 1

R3-rip-1v

R3-rip-1vers

R3-rip-1version 2

R3-rip-1n

R3-rip-1network 12.0.0.0

R3-rip-1n

R3-rip-1network 23.0.0.0

R3-rip-1

4、验证：

配置后，在R1上查看路由表display ip routing-table，可以学习到来自R2的23.1.1.0/30路由（协议为RIP）。此时，AS100内部（R1, R2, R3）已实现全互通。

R1display ip

R1display ip r

R1display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 14 Routes : 14

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

12.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

12.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

12.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

13.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 13.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/2

13.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/2

13.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/2

23.1.1.0/30 RIP 100 1 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

100.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 100.1.1.254 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

100.1.1.254/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

100.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

R1

六、bgp配置

这是实现跨AS通信的核心。R3（AS100）与R4（AS200）建立eBGP，R4与R5（同属AS200）建立iBGP。

1、R3

R3bgp 100

R3-bgppeer 34.1.1.2 as

R3-bgppeer 34.1.1.2 as-number 200

R3-bgp

2、R4

<R4>sy

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

R4bgp 200

R4-bgppe

R4-bgppeer 34.1.1.1 a

R4-bgppeer 34.1.1.1 as

R4-bgppeer 34.1.1.1 as-n

R4-bgppeer 34.1.1.1 as-number 100

R4-bgppeer 45.1.1.2 as-n

R4-bgppeer 45.1.1.2 as-number 200

R4-bgp

R4-bgp

3、R5


4、验证

5、优化

七、最终完成互通

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