eNSP_从直连到BGP全网互通

忡黑梨2026-04-30 13:56

一、拓扑图

  • AS 100：包含R1、R2、R3。内部运行RIPv2。

  • AS 200：包含R3、R4、R5。内部运行OSPF。

  • 边界互联：R3作为AS 100的边界路由器，与AS 200的R4通过eBGP互联。R4与R5之间建立iBGP。

  • 终端：PC1位于AS 100（网段100.1.1.0/24），PC2位于AS 200（网段200.1.1.0/24）。

最终目标：PC1 (100.1.1.1) 能与 PC2 (200.1.1.1) 相互ping通。

二、基础配置

1、PC1和PC2

2、R1

<Huawei>

<Huawei>

<Huawei>

<Huawei>

<Huawei>sys

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

Huawei\]undo info \[Huawei\]undo info-center e \[Huawei\]undo info-center enable Info: Information center is disabled. \[Huawei\]sysna \[Huawei\]sysname R1 \[R1

R1

R1

R1

R1\]int g0/0/0 \[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0\]ip add \[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0\]ip address 100.1.1.254 255.255.255.0 \[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0\]int g0/0/1 \[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]ip add \[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 \[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1

R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]int g0/0/2 \[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2\]ip ad \[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2\]ip address 13.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 \[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2\]int g0/0/1 \[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 \[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1

3、R2

<Huawei>sys

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

Huawei\]undo \[Huawei\]undo in \[Huawei\]undo info-center e \[Huawei\]undo info-center enable Info: Information center is disabled. \[Huawei\]sysn \[Huawei\]sysname R2 \[R2\]int g0/0/0 \[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0\]ip add \[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0\]ip address 12.1.1.2 30 \[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0\]int g0/0/1 \[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]ip add \[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]ip address 23.1.1.1 30 \[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]q \[R2\]![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/54a0df7941a647f0a57ec3884b5c1b74.png)

4、R3

The device is running!

<Huawei>sys

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

Huawei\]undo inf \[Huawei\]undo info-center e \[Huawei\]undo info-center enable Info: Information center is disabled. \[Huawei\]sysn \[Huawei\]sysname R3 \[R3

Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in time

Configuration console time out, please press any key to log on

<R3>

<R3>sys

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

R3\]int 0/0/0 \^ Error: Wrong parameter found at '\^' position. \[R3\]int g0/0/0 \[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0\]ip add \[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0\]ip address 13.1.1.2 30 \[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0\]int g0/0/1 \[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]ip add \[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]ip address 23.1.1.2 30 \[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]int g0/0/2 \[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2\]ip add \[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2\]ip address 34.1.1.1 30 \[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2\]q \[R3\]![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/2954959803ba4e01b511462783cdd8b8.png)

5、R4

The device is running!

<Huawei>sys

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

Huawei\]undo inf \[Huawei\]undo info-center e \[Huawei\]undo info-center enable Info: Information center is disabled. \[Huawei\]sysna \[Huawei\]sysname R4 \[R4

Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in time

Configuration console time out, please press any key to log on

<R4>

<R4>sy

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

R4\]int g0/0/0 \[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0\]ip add \[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0\]ip address 34.1.1.2 30 \[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0\]int g0/0/1 \[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]ip add \[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]ip address 45.1.1.1 30 \[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1

6、R5

The device is running!

<Huawei>sys

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

Huawei\]undo info \[Huawei\]undo info-center e \[Huawei\]undo info-center enable Info: Information center is disabled. \[Huawei\]sysn \[Huawei\]sysname R5 \[R5

Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in time

Configuration console time out, please press any key to log on

<R5>

<R5>sy

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

R5\]int g0/0/0 \[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0\]ip add \[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0\]ip address 45.1.1.2 30 \[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0

R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0\]int g0/0/1 \[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]ip a \[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]ip add \[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]ip address 200.1.1.254 24 \[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1\]q \[R5\]![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/44dbadd3c5604d929065e31120cd3828.png)

三、基础连通性测试

<R1>sy

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

R1\]ping 12.1.1.2 PING 12.1.1.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 12.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=440 ms Reply from 12.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=150 ms Reply from 12.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=130 ms Reply from 12.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=150 ms Reply from 12.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=130 ms --- 12.1.1.2 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 130/200/440 ms \[R1\]ping 13.1.1.2 PING 13.1.1.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 13.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=180 ms Reply from 13.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=50 ms Reply from 13.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=40 ms Reply from 13.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=40 ms Reply from 13.1.1.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=60 ms --- 13.1.1.2 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 40/74/180 ms \[R1\]ping 23.1.1.2 PING 23.1.1.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Request time out Request time out Request time out Request time out Request time out --- 23.1.1.2 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 0 packet(s) received 100.00% packet loss \[R1\]![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/a7046a3aa80d49279d4dc3c391867bbd.png)

都是类似操作

发现直连路由可以通基础配置没问题

四、查询路由表

1、R1

R1\]display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 13 Routes : 13 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 12.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 12.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 12.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 13.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 13.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 13.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 13.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 100.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 100.1.1.254 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 100.1.1.254/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 100.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 \[R1

2、R2

R2\]display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 10 Routes : 10 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 12.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 12.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 12.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 23.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 23.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 23.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 23.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 \[R2

3、R3

R3\]display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 13 Routes : 13 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 13.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 13.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 13.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 13.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 23.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 23.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 23.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 23.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 34.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 34.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 34.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 34.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 \[R3

4、R4

<R4>display ip routing-table

Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 10 Routes : 10

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

34.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 34.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

34.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

34.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/0

45.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 45.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

45.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

45.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet

0/0/1

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

<R4>

5、R5

R5\]display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 10 Routes : 10 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 45.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 45.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 45.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 45.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 200.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 200.1.1.254 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 200.1.1.254/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 200.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 \[R5

当前网络状态总结

  • R1 : 有 100.1.1.0/24(PC1网段), 12.1.1.0/30, 13.1.1.0/30的路由。

  • R2 : 有 12.1.1.0/30, 23.1.1.0/30的路由。

  • R3 : 有 13.1.1.0/30, 23.1.1.0/30, 34.1.1.0/30的路由。

  • R4 : 有 34.1.1.0/30, 45.1.1.0/30的路由。

  • R5 : 有 45.1.1.0/30, 200.1.1.0/24(PC2网段) 的路由。

这导致：

  • R1 和 R2 之间能通（直连）。

  • R1 和 R3 之间能通（直连）。

  • R2 和 R3 之间能通（直连）。

  • R3 和 R4 之间能通（直连）。

  • R4 和 R5 之间能通（直连）。

  • 可以先保存一下接下来就可以做重要的配置内容了

五、rip配置（在R1, R2, R3上启用RIPv2，让AS100内部互通）

1、R1

R1\]rip 1 \[R1-rip-1\]version 2 \[R1-rip-1\]net \[R1-rip-1\]network 12.0.0.0 \[R1-rip-1\]n \[R1-rip-1\]network 13.0.0.0 \[R1-rip-1\]net \[R1-rip-1\]network 100.0.0.0 \[R1-rip-1\]q \[R1\]![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/5eab687f6fb846d398478387f872ca28.png)

2、R2

R2\]rip 1 \[R2-rip-1\]version 2 \[R2-rip-1\]n \[R2-rip-1\]network 12.0.0.0 \[R2-rip-1\]n \[R2-rip-1\]network 23.0.0.0 \[R2-rip-1\]![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/08831ed2b8c14173812582277d151455.png)

3、R3

<R3>sy

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

R3\]rip 1 \[R3-rip-1\]v \[R3-rip-1\]vers \[R3-rip-1\]version 2 \[R3-rip-1\]n \[R3-rip-1\]network 12.0.0.0 \[R3-rip-1\]n \[R3-rip-1\]network 23.0.0.0 \[R3-rip-1\]![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/52823eb1ab6d4df3b2e94c3bc61c6f35.png)

4、验证：

配置后，在R1上查看路由表display ip routing-table，可以学习到来自R2的23.1.1.0/30路由（协议为RIP）。此时，AS100内部（R1, R2, R3）已实现全互通。

R1\]display ip \[R1\]display ip r \[R1\]display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 14 Routes : 14 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 12.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 12.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 12.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 13.1.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 13.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 13.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 13.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 23.1.1.0/30 RIP 100 1 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 100.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 100.1.1.254 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 100.1.1.254/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 100.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 \[R1

六、bgp配置

这是实现跨AS通信的核心。R3（AS100）与R4（AS200）建立eBGP，R4与R5（同属AS200）建立iBGP。

1、R3

R3\]bgp 100 \[R3-bgp\]peer 34.1.1.2 as \[R3-bgp\]peer 34.1.1.2 as-number 200 \[R3-bgp\]![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/c5cacf77c7d84bf693543ad9098d3afc.png)

2、R4

<R4>sy

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

R4\]bgp 200 \[R4-bgp\]pe \[R4-bgp\]peer 34.1.1.1 a \[R4-bgp\]peer 34.1.1.1 as \[R4-bgp\]peer 34.1.1.1 as-n \[R4-bgp\]peer 34.1.1.1 as-number 100 \[R4-bgp\]peer 45.1.1.2 as-n \[R4-bgp\]peer 45.1.1.2 as-number 200 \[R4-bgp

R4-bgp\]![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/d9ddc9481a5f40089e6dfc68526a1eee.png)

3、R5


4、验证

5、优化

七、最终完成互通

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