ROS2进阶—ROS2生命周期节点

Embedded-Xin2026-05-25 10:42

文章目录

生命周期节点介绍
节点示例
常用命令

生命周期节点介绍

ROS 2 生命周期节点（Lifecycle Node）通过显式状态机管理节点的启停过程，确保资源按正确顺序初始化/释放，避免"半启动"导致系统异常。

其中生命周期节点的状态流转如下：

而当流转到某个状态时，会触发对应的状态变更回调。但生命周期节点不能自己转换状态，需要由外部触发

节点示例

c 复制代码

#include "rclcpp_lifecycle/lifecycle_node.hpp"

using CallbackReturn = rclcpp_lifecycle::node_interfaces::LifecycleNodeInterface::CallbackReturn;

class MyLifecycleNode : public rclcpp_lifecycle::LifecycleNode {
public:
    MyLifecycleNode() : LifecycleNode("my_lifecycle_node") {}

    CallbackReturn on_configure(const rclcpp_lifecycle::State & state) override {
        RCLCPP_INFO(get_logger(), "Configuring...");
        // 分配资源：创建订阅者、发布者（但不激活）
        pub_ = create_publisher<std_msgs::msg::String>("topic", 10);
        sub_ = create_subscription<std_msgs::msg::String>(
            "topic", 10, [this](auto msg){});
        return CallbackReturn::SUCCESS;
    }

    CallbackReturn on_activate(const rclcpp_lifecycle::State & state) override {
        RCLCPP_INFO(get_logger(), "Activating...");
        // 激活发布者（开始实际发送数据）
        pub_->on_activate();
        return CallbackReturn::SUCCESS;
    }

    CallbackReturn on_deactivate(const rclcpp_lifecycle::State & state) override {
        RCLCPP_INFO(get_logger(), "Deactivating...");
        pub_->on_deactivate();  // 停止发送
        return CallbackReturn::SUCCESS;
    }

    CallbackReturn on_cleanup(const rclcpp_lifecycle::State & state) override {
        RCLCPP_INFO(get_logger(), "Cleaning up...");
        pub_.reset();
        sub_.reset();
        return CallbackReturn::SUCCESS;
    }

    CallbackReturn on_shutdown(const rclcpp_lifecycle::State & state) override {
        RCLCPP_INFO(get_logger(), "Shutting down from %s...", state.label().c_str());
        return CallbackReturn::SUCCESS;
    }

private:
    rclcpp_lifecycle::LifecyclePublisher<std_msgs::msg::String>::SharedPtr pub_;
    rclcpp::Subscription<std_msgs::msg::String>::SharedPtr sub_;
};

常用命令

c 复制代码

# 查看生命周期节点列表
ros2 lifecycle nodes

# 查看当前状态
ros2 lifecycle get /my_lifecycle_node

# 查看节点状态变换记录	
ros2 lifecycle list /my_lifecycle_node