WIFI通信测试

云栖梦泽2026-06-06 16:38

**目标：**主机1作为服务端开启WiFi热点，主机2作为客户端连接主机1的热点，通过UDP进行客户端与服务端的数据收发，测试网络的抖动，速率，以及带宽。

1.服务端创建WIFI热点

创建WIFI热点必须使用命令行的方式，如下所示：

bash 复制代码 
sudo nmcli connection add type wifi ifname wlp4s0 con-name haohao_wifi ssid haohao_wifi mode ap 802-11-wireless.band bg 802-11-wireless.channel 6 ipv4.method shared ipv4.addresses 192.168.120.1/24 wifi-sec.key-mgmt wpa-psk wifi-sec.psk "12345678"

创建成功后会在**/etc/NetworkManger/system-connections/** 下生成配置文件 haohao_wifi,可以创建完修改配置文件，但不能自己在路径下创建文件，必须使用命令行。

修改完配置文件保存。

之后执行命令：

bash 复制代码 
sudo nmcli connection reload

让系统重新去读你保存在**/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/** 下的文件

然后运行命令：

bash 复制代码 
sudo nmcli connection show

查看创建的热点是否被识别到。

最后就可以通过命令行拉起热点了：

bash 复制代码 
sudo nmcli connection up haohao_wifi

2.通讯测试

我们通过iperf3工具进行WiFi的通讯测试。

首先安装iperf3：

bash 复制代码 
sudo apt update
sudo apt install iperf3

iperf3参数说明：

-s,--server: iperf 服务器模式

-c,--client host: iperf 客户端模式，host是server端地址

-u,--udp: 表示采用UDP协议发送报文

-i: 指定报告间隔, 单位 s

-t: 设置测试的时长, 单位 s

-b: 设置UDP的发送带宽, 单位bit/s, 百兆 100M, 千兆 1000M

-d: 同时进行双向测试

-P: 并行客户端线程数量

服务端运行命令：

bash 复制代码 
iperf3 -s

客户端运行命令：

bash 复制代码 
iperf -u -c 192.168.120.100 -d -i 1 -t 100 -b 100M

3.更改WiFi频段进行测试（2.4G-5G)

在进行一会参数修改或配置时，可以先查看一下网卡信息，运行命令：

bash 复制代码 
sudo iw list
bash 复制代码 
(base) haohao@haohao:/$ sudo iw list
Wiphy phy0
    wiphy index: 0
    max # scan SSIDs: 9
    max scan IEs length: 2304 bytes
    max # sched scan SSIDs: 0
    max # match sets: 0
    Retry short limit: 7
    Retry long limit: 4
    Coverage class: 0 (up to 0m)
    Device supports AP-side u-APSD.
    Supported Ciphers:
        * WEP40 (00-0f-ac:1)
        * WEP104 (00-0f-ac:5)
        * TKIP (00-0f-ac:2)
        * CCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:4)
        * CMAC (00-0f-ac:6)
        * GCMP-128 (00-0f-ac:8)
        * GCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:9)
        * CCMP-256 (00-0f-ac:10)
        * GMAC-128 (00-0f-ac:11)
        * GMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:12)
        * CMAC-256 (00-0f-ac:13)
    Available Antennas: TX 0 RX 0
    Supported interface modes:
         * IBSS
         * managed
         * AP
         * P2P-client
         * P2P-GO
    Band 1:
        Capabilities: 0x19e3
            RX LDPC
            HT20/HT40
            Static SM Power Save
            RX HT20 SGI
            RX HT40 SGI
            TX STBC
            RX STBC 1-stream
            Max AMSDU length: 7935 bytes
            DSSS/CCK HT40
        Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003)
        Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 16 usec (0x07)
        HT Max RX data rate: 300 Mbps
        HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-15
        HE Iftypes: AP
            HE MAC Capabilities (0x0001120a0060):
                +HTC HE Supported
                All Ack
                BSR
                OM Control
                Maximum A-MPDU Length Exponent: 2
                OPS
                A-MSDU in A-MPDU
            HE PHY Capabilities: (0x02701a581dc0270e91b900):
                HE40/2.4GHz
                Device Class: 1
                LDPC Coding in Payload
                HE SU PPDU with 1x HE-LTF and 0.8us GI
                NDP with 4x HE-LTF and 3.2us GI
                STBC Rx <= 80MHz
                Doppler Tx
                DCM Max Constellation Rx: 3
                Rx HE MU PPDU from Non-AP STA
                SU Beamformee
                Beamformee STS <= 80Mhz: 7
                Ng = 16 SU Feedback
                Ng = 16 MU Feedback
                Codebook Size SU Feedback
                Codebook Size MU Feedback
                Triggered SU Beamforming Feedback
                Partial Bandwidth Extended Range
                Power Boost Factor ar
                HE SU PPDU & HE PPDU 4x HE-LTF 0.8us GI
                Max NC: 1
                HE ER SU PPDU 4x HE-LTF 0.8us GI
                HE ER SU PPDU 1x HE-LTF 0.8us GI
                DCM Max BW: 2
                Longer Than 16HE SIG-B OFDM Symbols
                RX 1024-QAM
                RX Full BW SU Using HE MU PPDU with Compression SIGB
                RX Full BW SU Using HE MU PPDU with Non-Compression SIGB
            HE RX MCS and NSS set <= 80 MHz
                1 streams: MCS 0-11
                2 streams: MCS 0-11
                3 streams: not supported
                4 streams: not supported
                5 streams: not supported
                6 streams: not supported
                7 streams: not supported
                8 streams: not supported
            HE TX MCS and NSS set <= 80 MHz
                1 streams: MCS 0-11
                2 streams: MCS 0-11
                3 streams: not supported
                4 streams: not supported
                5 streams: not supported
                6 streams: not supported
                7 streams: not supported
                8 streams: not supported
        HE Iftypes: managed
            HE MAC Capabilities (0x0801120a8060):
                +HTC HE Supported
                Trigger Frame MAC Padding Duration: 2
                All Ack
                BSR
                OM Control
                Maximum A-MPDU Length Exponent: 2
                OPS
                A-MSDU in A-MPDU
            HE PHY Capabilities: (0x02701a001d00270e91bd00):
                HE40/2.4GHz
                Device Class: 1
                LDPC Coding in Payload
                HE SU PPDU with 1x HE-LTF and 0.8us GI
                NDP with 4x HE-LTF and 3.2us GI
                STBC Rx <= 80MHz
                Doppler Tx
                SU Beamformee
                Beamformee STS <= 80Mhz: 7
                Codebook Size SU Feedback
                Codebook Size MU Feedback
                Triggered SU Beamforming Feedback
                Partial Bandwidth Extended Range
                Power Boost Factor ar
                HE SU PPDU & HE PPDU 4x HE-LTF 0.8us GI
                Max NC: 1
                HE ER SU PPDU 4x HE-LTF 0.8us GI
                HE ER SU PPDU 1x HE-LTF 0.8us GI
                DCM Max BW: 2
                Longer Than 16HE SIG-B OFDM Symbols
                TX 1024-QAM
                RX 1024-QAM
                RX Full BW SU Using HE MU PPDU with Compression SIGB
                RX Full BW SU Using HE MU PPDU with Non-Compression SIGB
            HE RX MCS and NSS set <= 80 MHz
                1 streams: MCS 0-11
                2 streams: MCS 0-11
                3 streams: not supported
                4 streams: not supported
                5 streams: not supported
                6 streams: not supported
                7 streams: not supported
                8 streams: not supported
            HE TX MCS and NSS set <= 80 MHz
                1 streams: MCS 0-11
                2 streams: MCS 0-11
                3 streams: not supported
                4 streams: not supported
                5 streams: not supported
                6 streams: not supported
                7 streams: not supported
                8 streams: not supported
        Bitrates (non-HT):
            * 1.0 Mbps
            * 2.0 Mbps
            * 5.5 Mbps
            * 11.0 Mbps
            * 6.0 Mbps
            * 9.0 Mbps
            * 12.0 Mbps
            * 18.0 Mbps
            * 24.0 Mbps
            * 36.0 Mbps
            * 48.0 Mbps
            * 54.0 Mbps
        Frequencies:
            * 2412 MHz [1] (20.0 dBm)
            * 2417 MHz [2] (20.0 dBm)
            * 2422 MHz [3] (20.0 dBm)
            * 2427 MHz [4] (20.0 dBm)
            * 2432 MHz [5] (20.0 dBm)
            * 2437 MHz [6] (20.0 dBm)
            * 2442 MHz [7] (20.0 dBm)
            * 2447 MHz [8] (20.0 dBm)
            * 2452 MHz [9] (20.0 dBm)
            * 2457 MHz [10] (20.0 dBm)
            * 2462 MHz [11] (20.0 dBm)
            * 2467 MHz [12] (20.0 dBm) (no IR)
            * 2472 MHz [13] (20.0 dBm)
            * 2484 MHz [14] (disabled)
    Band 2:
        Capabilities: 0x19e3
            RX LDPC
            HT20/HT40
            Static SM Power Save
            RX HT20 SGI
            RX HT40 SGI
            TX STBC
            RX STBC 1-stream
            Max AMSDU length: 7935 bytes
            DSSS/CCK HT40
        Maximum RX AMPDU length 65535 bytes (exponent: 0x003)
        Minimum RX AMPDU time spacing: 16 usec (0x07)
        HT Max RX data rate: 300 Mbps
        HT TX/RX MCS rate indexes supported: 0-15
        VHT Capabilities (0x03c011b1):
            Max MPDU length: 7991
            Supported Channel Width: neither 160 nor 80+80
            RX LDPC
            short GI (80 MHz)
            TX STBC
            SU Beamformee
            +HTC-VHT
        VHT RX MCS set:
            1 streams: MCS 0-9
            2 streams: MCS 0-9
            3 streams: not supported
            4 streams: not supported
            5 streams: not supported
            6 streams: not supported
            7 streams: not supported
            8 streams: not supported
        VHT RX highest supported: 867 Mbps
        VHT TX MCS set:
            1 streams: MCS 0-9
            2 streams: MCS 0-9
            3 streams: not supported
            4 streams: not supported
            5 streams: not supported
            6 streams: not supported
            7 streams: not supported
            8 streams: not supported
        VHT TX highest supported: 867 Mbps
        HE Iftypes: AP
            HE MAC Capabilities (0x0001120a0060):
                +HTC HE Supported
                All Ack
                BSR
                OM Control
                Maximum A-MPDU Length Exponent: 2
                OPS
                A-MSDU in A-MPDU
            HE PHY Capabilities: (0x04701a581dc0270e91b900):
                HE40/HE80/5GHz
                Device Class: 1
                LDPC Coding in Payload
                HE SU PPDU with 1x HE-LTF and 0.8us GI
                NDP with 4x HE-LTF and 3.2us GI
                STBC Rx <= 80MHz
                Doppler Tx
                DCM Max Constellation Rx: 3
                Rx HE MU PPDU from Non-AP STA
                SU Beamformee
                Beamformee STS <= 80Mhz: 7
                Ng = 16 SU Feedback
                Ng = 16 MU Feedback
                Codebook Size SU Feedback
                Codebook Size MU Feedback
                Triggered SU Beamforming Feedback
                Partial Bandwidth Extended Range
                Power Boost Factor ar
                HE SU PPDU & HE PPDU 4x HE-LTF 0.8us GI
                Max NC: 1
                HE ER SU PPDU 4x HE-LTF 0.8us GI
                HE ER SU PPDU 1x HE-LTF 0.8us GI
                DCM Max BW: 2
                Longer Than 16HE SIG-B OFDM Symbols
                RX 1024-QAM
                RX Full BW SU Using HE MU PPDU with Compression SIGB
                RX Full BW SU Using HE MU PPDU with Non-Compression SIGB
            HE RX MCS and NSS set <= 80 MHz
                1 streams: MCS 0-11
                2 streams: MCS 0-11
                3 streams: not supported
                4 streams: not supported
                5 streams: not supported
                6 streams: not supported
                7 streams: not supported
                8 streams: not supported
            HE TX MCS and NSS set <= 80 MHz
                1 streams: MCS 0-11
                2 streams: MCS 0-11
                3 streams: not supported
                4 streams: not supported
                5 streams: not supported
                6 streams: not supported
                7 streams: not supported
                8 streams: not supported
        HE Iftypes: managed
            HE MAC Capabilities (0x0801120a8060):
                +HTC HE Supported
                Trigger Frame MAC Padding Duration: 2
                All Ack
                BSR
                OM Control
                Maximum A-MPDU Length Exponent: 2
                OPS
                A-MSDU in A-MPDU
            HE PHY Capabilities: (0x04701a001d00270e91bd00):
                HE40/HE80/5GHz
                Device Class: 1
                LDPC Coding in Payload
                HE SU PPDU with 1x HE-LTF and 0.8us GI
                NDP with 4x HE-LTF and 3.2us GI
                STBC Rx <= 80MHz
                Doppler Tx
                SU Beamformee
                Beamformee STS <= 80Mhz: 7
                Codebook Size SU Feedback
                Codebook Size MU Feedback
                Triggered SU Beamforming Feedback
                Partial Bandwidth Extended Range
                Power Boost Factor ar
                HE SU PPDU & HE PPDU 4x HE-LTF 0.8us GI
                Max NC: 1
                HE ER SU PPDU 4x HE-LTF 0.8us GI
                HE ER SU PPDU 1x HE-LTF 0.8us GI
                DCM Max BW: 2
                Longer Than 16HE SIG-B OFDM Symbols
                TX 1024-QAM
                RX 1024-QAM
                RX Full BW SU Using HE MU PPDU with Compression SIGB
                RX Full BW SU Using HE MU PPDU with Non-Compression SIGB
            HE RX MCS and NSS set <= 80 MHz
                1 streams: MCS 0-11
                2 streams: MCS 0-11
                3 streams: not supported
                4 streams: not supported
                5 streams: not supported
                6 streams: not supported
                7 streams: not supported
                8 streams: not supported
            HE TX MCS and NSS set <= 80 MHz
                1 streams: MCS 0-11
                2 streams: MCS 0-11
                3 streams: not supported
                4 streams: not supported
                5 streams: not supported
                6 streams: not supported
                7 streams: not supported
                8 streams: not supported
        Bitrates (non-HT):
            * 6.0 Mbps
            * 9.0 Mbps
            * 12.0 Mbps
            * 18.0 Mbps
            * 24.0 Mbps
            * 36.0 Mbps
            * 48.0 Mbps
            * 54.0 Mbps
        Frequencies:
            * 5180 MHz [36] (20.0 dBm)
            * 5200 MHz [40] (20.0 dBm)
            * 5220 MHz [44] (20.0 dBm)
            * 5240 MHz [48] (20.0 dBm)
            * 5260 MHz [52] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5280 MHz [56] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5300 MHz [60] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5320 MHz [64] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5500 MHz [100] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5520 MHz [104] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5540 MHz [108] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5560 MHz [112] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5580 MHz [116] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5600 MHz [120] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5620 MHz [124] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5640 MHz [128] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5660 MHz [132] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5680 MHz [136] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5700 MHz [140] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5720 MHz [144] (20.0 dBm) (no IR, radar detection)
            * 5745 MHz [149] (20.0 dBm)
            * 5765 MHz [153] (20.0 dBm)
            * 5785 MHz [157] (20.0 dBm)
            * 5805 MHz [161] (20.0 dBm)
            * 5825 MHz [165] (20.0 dBm)
            * 5845 MHz [169] (20.0 dBm) (no IR)
            * 5865 MHz [173] (20.0 dBm) (no IR)
            * 5885 MHz [177] (20.0 dBm) (no IR)
    Supported commands:
         * new_interface
         * set_interface
         * new_key
         * start_ap
         * new_station
         * set_bss
         * join_ibss
         * set_pmksa
         * del_pmksa
         * flush_pmksa
         * remain_on_channel
         * frame
         * set_channel
         * connect
         * disconnect
         * channel_switch
         * update_ft_ies
    WoWLAN support:
         * wake up on anything (device continues operating normally)
    software interface modes (can always be added):
    valid interface combinations:
         * #{ managed, P2P-client } <= 2, #{ AP, P2P-GO } <= 1,
           total <= 2, #channels <= 1
    Device supports SAE with AUTHENTICATE command
    Device supports scan flush.
    Device supports randomizing MAC-addr in scans.
    max # scan plans: 1
    max scan plan interval: -1
    max scan plan iterations: 0
    Supported TX frame types:
         * IBSS: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
         * managed: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
         * AP: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
         * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
         * P2P-client: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
         * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x10 0x20 0x30 0x40 0x50 0x60 0x70 0x80 0x90 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0 0xe0 0xf0
    Supported RX frame types:
         * IBSS: 0xd0
         * managed: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0
         * AP: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0
         * AP/VLAN: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0
         * P2P-client: 0x40 0xb0 0xd0
         * P2P-GO: 0x00 0x20 0x40 0xa0 0xb0 0xc0 0xd0
    Maximum associated stations in AP mode: 32
    Supported extended features:
        * [ RRM ]: RRM
        * [ DFS_OFFLOAD ]: DFS offload

通过输出信息可以看到，物理网口0接有一个网卡，分为band1和band2说明这个网卡支持2.4G和5G。

**注意：**除此之外，我们还要观察输出的最后显示有：

这说明这张网卡可以最多分裂为两个虚拟网卡，且他们的channel数小于1，意思是两个虚拟网卡必须保持在同通道。所以，如果我们启用了两种虚拟网卡，其中一张我们用来作为热点，如果另一张网卡连接WiFi了，如果连接的是5GWiFi，那么我们输出的热点也是5G的，如果连接的是2.4G WiFi，那么另一种网卡输出的热点也是2.4G的，因为他们必须在同一个通道。所以我们如果要配置输出热点，最后先停掉另一张虚拟网卡：

bash 复制代码 
sudo nmcli device disconnect wlan0

接下来我们就可以配置WiFi的频段了。

在终端执行：

bash 复制代码 
sudo vim /etc/NetworkManger/system-connections/NIIC008_demo1

修改上述生成的配置文件。

如图所示，修改频段只需要修改这两个参数：band，channel；

2.4G：band = bg，channel = 1，6，11等其中一个；

5G ：band = a， channel = 48等其中一个；

修改之后运行：

bash 复制代码 
sudo nmcli connection reload

接着拉起热点：

bash 复制代码 
sudo nmcli connection up NIIC008_demo1

最后在终端运行命令检查是否配置成功：

bash 复制代码 
iwconfig wlp4s0

wlp4s0为此热点的节点名称，可通过ifconfig自行查看。

接着我们还可以查看切换频段前后的比特率：

bash 复制代码 
sudo wlp4s0 bitrate

4.客户端查看

最后，客户端连接上热点之后一般会看两个参数，bitrate和channel；

bash 复制代码 
sudo iwlist wlp4s0 bitrate
sudo iwlist wlp4s0 channel
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