UNITY中做动画的两个不错的连接

Inverse Kinematics

Unity - Manual: Inverse Kinematics

Most animation is produced by rotating the angles of joints in a skeleton to predetermined values. The position of a child joint changes according to the rotation of its parent and so the end point of a chain of joints can be determined from the angles and relative positions of the individual joints it contains. This method of posing a skeleton is known as forward kinematics.

However, it is often useful to look at the task of posing joints from the opposite point of view - given a chosen position in space, work backwards and find a valid way of orienting the joints so that the end point lands at that position. This can be useful when you want a character to touch an object at a point selected by the user or plant its feet convincingly on an uneven surface. This approach is known as Inverse Kinematics (IK) and is supported in Mecanim for any humanoid character with a correctly configured Avatar.

To set up IK for a character, you typically have objects around the scene that a character interacts with, and then set up the IK thru script, in particular, Animator functions like SetIKPositionWeight, SetIKRotationWeight, SetIKPosition, SetIKRotation, SetLookAtPosition, bodyPosition, bodyRotation

In the illustration above, we show a character grabbing a cylindrical object. How do we make this happen?

We start out with a character that has a valid Avatar.

Next create an Animator Controller with containing at least one animation for the character. Then in the Layers pane of the Animator window, click the cog settings icon of the Layer and and check the IK Pass checkbox in the menu which pops up.

Next, attach to it a script that actually takes care of the IK, let's call it IKControl. This script sets the IK target for the character's right hand, and its look position to make it look at the object it is holding:

cs 复制代码
using UnityEngine;
using System;
using System.Collections;

[RequireComponent(typeof(Animator))] 

public class IKControl : MonoBehaviour {
    
    protected Animator animator;
    
    public bool ikActive = false;
    public Transform rightHandObj = null;
    public Transform lookObj = null;

    void Start () 
    {
        animator = GetComponent<Animator>();
    }
    
    //a callback for calculating IK
    void OnAnimatorIK()
    {
        if(animator) {
            
            //if the IK is active, set the position and rotation directly to the goal. 
            if(ikActive) {

                // Set the look target position, if one has been assigned
                if(lookObj != null) {
                    animator.SetLookAtWeight(1);
                    animator.SetLookAtPosition(lookObj.position);
                }    

                // Set the right hand target position and rotation, if one has been assigned
                if(rightHandObj != null) {
                    animator.SetIKPositionWeight(AvatarIKGoal.RightHand,1);
                    animator.SetIKRotationWeight(AvatarIKGoal.RightHand,1);  
                    animator.SetIKPosition(AvatarIKGoal.RightHand,rightHandObj.position);
                    animator.SetIKRotation(AvatarIKGoal.RightHand,rightHandObj.rotation);
                }        
                
            }
            
            //if the IK is not active, set the position and rotation of the hand and head back to the original position
            else {          
                animator.SetIKPositionWeight(AvatarIKGoal.RightHand,0);
                animator.SetIKRotationWeight(AvatarIKGoal.RightHand,0); 
                animator.SetLookAtWeight(0);
            }
        }
    }    
}

As we do not intend for the character's hand to reach inside the object to its centre (the cylinder's pivot point), we position an empty child object (in this case, named "Cylinder Grab Handle") where the hand should be on the cylinder, and rotate it accordingly. The hand then targets this child object.

How to Create Animations from Models

How To Create Animations From Models And Sprites Within Unity - GameDev Academy

Click on the play icon (the red circle) to get started.

Click on the arrow to go to the next keyframe and this time, we will change the rotation in the Animation window instead of the character in the hierarchy. Change the Y rotation to -58 and 58 respectively.

We will continue to do this in 0.10 second clips until the Y rotation value reaches 28.

But wait...There's more! We aren't done with this animation clip yet. We now have to take all the frames we made and do the reverse in this clip.

Now that we have done all of that, we can deselect that red play button and watch it in game view. The Animation is automatically saved now. But always save your project and scenes often.

As you can see, it is not difficult to do the animations. The only issue I have is that it can be extremely tedious to do and depending on what you want to do with the animations can make it become a bit unmanageable at times.

相关推荐
chillxiaohan7 分钟前
Unity接入Steamworks.NET实现通信功能
unity
枯萎穿心攻击9 小时前
响应式编程入门教程第二节:构建 ObservableProperty<T> — 封装 ReactiveProperty 的高级用法
开发语言·unity·c#·游戏引擎
X_StarX17 小时前
【Unity笔记02】订阅事件-自动开门
笔记·学习·unity·游戏引擎·游戏开发·大学生
Thomas_YXQ1 天前
Unity URP法线贴图实现教程
开发语言·unity·性能优化·游戏引擎·unity3d·贴图·单一职责原则
徐子竣1 天前
[学习记录]Unity-Shader-几何着色器
unity·游戏引擎·着色器
EQ-雪梨蛋花汤2 天前
【Part 3 Unity VR眼镜端播放器开发与优化】第四节|高分辨率VR全景视频播放性能优化
unity·音视频·vr
与火星的孩子对话2 天前
Unity进阶课程【六】Android、ios、Pad 终端设备打包局域网IP调试、USB调试、性能检测、控制台打印日志等、C#
android·unity·ios·c#·ip
幻世界2 天前
【Unity智能模型系列】Unity + MediaPipe + Sentis + ArcFace模型:构建高效人脸识别比对系统
unity·游戏引擎
死也不注释2 天前
【Unity 编辑器工具开发:GUILayout 与 EditorGUILayout 对比分析】
unity·编辑器·游戏引擎
小赖同学啊3 天前
物联网中的Unity/Unreal引擎集成:数字孪生与可视化控制
物联网·unity·游戏引擎