Go语言入门心法(六): HTTP面向客户端|服务端编程

蜗牛杨哥2023-10-17 21:28

Go语言入门心法(一): 基础语法

Go语言入门心法(二): 结构体

Go语言入门心法(三): 接口

Go语言入门心法(四): 异常体系

Go语言入门心法(五): 函数

一:go语言面向web编程认知

复制代码 
Go语言的最大优势在于并发与性能,其性能可以媲美C和C++,并发在网络编程中更是至关重要
使用http发送请求,http包提供了HTTP客户端和服务器端的实现,使用HTTP客户端，需要理解和掌握两个非常重要的类型：
(1) Client客户端
(2) Request求体
go语言模拟向浏览器发起HTTP请求,发起请求需要创建一个请求对象,使用NewRequest来创建
Go 复制代码 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"net/http"
)

/*
Go语言的最大优势在于并发与性能,其性能可以媲美C和C++,并发在网络编程中更是至关重要
使用http发送请求,http包提供了HTTP客户端和服务器端的实现,使用HTTP客户端，需要理解和掌握两个非常重要的类型：

		(1) Client客户端
		(2) Request求体
	    go语言模拟向浏览器发起HTTP请求,发起请求需要创建一个请求对象,使用NewRequest来创建
*/
func main() {
	// 使用NewRequest模拟浏览器向服务器发送HTTP请求
	client := &http.Client{}
	// 访问：爱奇艺-在线视频网站-海量正版高清视频在线观看 首页
	request, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "https://www.iqiyi.com/", nil)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}
	response, err := client.Do(request)
	fmt.Println(response.StatusCode)
	res, err := io.ReadAll(response.Body)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}
	// 打印body
	fmt.Println(string(res))
}

运行效果：

GOROOT=D:\program_file_worker\go1.20 #gosetup

GOPATH=D:\program_file_worker\go1.20\bin;C:\Users\Administrator\go #gosetup

D:\program_file_worker\go1.20\bin\go.exe build -o C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\GoLand\___go_build_OOPHttpServerToWebRequest_go.exe D:\program_file\go_workspace\org.jd.data\http\OOPHttpServerToWebRequest.go #gosetup

C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\GoLand\___go_build_OOPHttpServerToWebRequest_go.exe

200

<!DOCTYPE html><html data-n-head-ssr><head>

<title>爱奇艺-在线视频网站-海量正版高清视频在线观看</title><meta data-n-head="ssr" charset="utf-8"><meta data-n-head="ssr" name="apple-itunes-app" content="app-id=409563112, app-argument=iqiyi-pad://mobile/home?subtype=iPaihd_0"><meta data-n-head="ssr" name="renderer" content="webkit"><meta data-n-head="ssr" name="bytedance-verification-code" content="OH3/r7XoQqpCuo9kll67"><meta data-n-head="ssr" name="referrer" content="always"><meta data-n-head="ssr" name="google-site-verification" content="X6OJWiV6ws5XxP08OZZNglZpIZD_-EXXeGHyrx7ZTIs"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="W6H9eWF4xB" data-hid="baidu-site-verification" name="baidu-site-verification"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="b14bc44b47df0f69871bc8a4b24832df" name="360-site-verification"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="86697f6b21a3be1fd0dfb363f2103b7b" data-hid="360_ssp_verify" name="360_ssp_verify"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"><meta data-n-head="ssr" lang="zh-CN" http-equiv="content-language"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="99E5BCCCE330E1C63C0CC5BDE57AEE80" data-hid="msvalidate.01" name="msvalidate.01"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="爱奇艺-iQIYI.COM" data-hid="Copyright" name="Copyright"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="爱奇艺-iQIYI.COM" data-hid="author" name="author"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="爱奇艺视频-在线视d="title" name="title" lang="zh-CN"><meta data-n-head="ssr" property="og:title" lang="zh-CN" content="爱奇艺视频,视频,视频网站,高清视频,电影,电视剧,动漫,综艺,音乐"><meta data-n-head="ssr" name="description" data-hid="descripti爱奇艺(IQIYI.COM)拥有海量、优质、高清的影视剧集等视频内容。爱奇艺VIP限时新用户特惠：首月6元，会员畅看顶级视听品质体验！当前热播《唐朝诡事录》《一年一度喜剧大赛2》《航海王》《请君》"><meta data-n-head="ssr" itemprop="name" contYI.COM)拥有海量、优质、高清的影视剧集等视频内容。爱奇艺VIP限时新用户特惠：首月6元，会员畅看顶级视听品质体验！当前热播《唐朝诡事录》《一年一度喜剧大赛2》《航海王》《请君》"><meta data-n-head="ssr" name="mobile-agent" content="fol" content="no-transform"><meta data-n-head="ssr" http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-siteapp"><meta data-n-head="ssr" itemprop="image" content="//www.iqiyipic.com/pcwimg/128-128-logo.png"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="//www.iqiyipic.com/pcwimg/128-128-logo.png"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="manifest" href="//www.iqiyi.com/manifest.json"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="dns-prefetch" href="//cache.video.iqiyi.com"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="dns-prefetch" href="//pcw-api.iqiyi.com"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="dns-prefetch" href="//hm.baidu.com"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="dns-prefetch" href="//msg.qy.net"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="dns-prefetch" href="//datax.baidu.com"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="dns-prefetch" href="//static.iqiyi.com"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="dns-prefetch" href="//static-s.iqiyi.com"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-CN" href="//www.iqiyi.com/"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-TW" href="//tw.iqiyi.com/"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="alternate" hreflang="zh" href="//www.iqiyi.com/"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="apple-to

uch-icon-precomposed" size="114x114" href="//www.iqiyipic.com/pcwimg/PCW-114x114.png"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" size="72x72" href="//www.iqiyipic.com/pcwimg/PCW-72X72.png"><link

data-n-head="ssr" rel="canonical" href="//www.iqiyi.com/"><link rel="preload" href="//stc.iqiyipic.com/gaze/pcw/ssr/cb0d597.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="//stc.iqiyipic.com/gaze/pcw/ssr/app.069a04f.css" as="style">

<link rel="preload" href="//stc.iqiyipic.com/gaze/pcw/ssr/app.40d67a8dd3deb57c860f.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="//stc.iqiyipic.com/gaze/pcw/ssr/pages/index.0a766132af6dafcff12c.js" as="script"><link rel="preload"

href="//stc.iqiyipic.com/gaze/pcw/ssr/pages/cloudCinema/pages/cloudCinema1/pages/cloudCinemaPCA/pages/cloudCinemaPCA1/pages/components/pag/8c7f18db.462771861c0e477fb66d.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="//stc.iqiyipic.

com/gaze/pcw/ssr/pages/cloudCinema1/pages/cloudCinemaPCA1/pages/dianshiju/index/pages/dianying/pages/dongman/pages/in/2acb21ce.bde7a64cfc3a00b86ccd.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="//stc.iqiyipic.com/gaze/pcw/ssr/page

s/index/home2020.fa65e0e453b40bc444aa.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="//stc.iqiyipic.com/gaze/pcw/ssr/36.26673fa.css" as="style"><link rel="preload" href="//stc.iqiyipic.com/gaze/pcw/ssr/36.9330c2e3eccd15b6ff28.js" a

s="script"><link rel="preload" href="//stc.iqiyipic.com/gaze/pcw/ssr/122.837a6dc01d4662378290.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="//stc.iqiyipic.com/gaze/pcw/ssr/common.1522f29.css" as="style"><link rel="preload" href="/

/stc.iqiyipic.com/gaze/pcw/ssr/common.645cc65cefcb24b2a483.js" as="script"><link rel="stylesheet" href="//stc.iqiyipic.com/gaze/pcw/ssr/app.069a04f.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="//stc.iqiyipic.com/gaze/pcw/ssr/36.26673fa.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="//stc.iqiyipic.com/gaze/pcw/ssr/common.1522f29.css">

<script>window.qyTtiStart = Date.now()</script></head>

<body>

<div data-server-rendered="true" id="__nuxt"><!----><div id="__layout"><div data-v-5f1d06ee><div id="adSkinInner" class="qy-dark" data-v-5f1d06ee><div id="I71Layout"></div> <div style="display:none">10/16/2023, 8:03:36 PM<

/div> <!----> <div data-v-5f1d06ee><div class="skin_focus"></div> <div id="1000000000714" style="display: none;"><a id="adClick" οnfοcus="this.blur();" style="width: 100%; position: absolute;"></a> <div id="adDiv" style="width

: 970px; margin: 0px auto -25px;"></div></div></div> <div class="ph-skin-wrap"><header id="block-A" data-block-v2="712211_topNav" class="qy-header home2020 r-type1 greendark qy-header--bg qy-header--absolute"><div class="heade

r-wrap"><div class="header-inner"><div class="qy-logo"><a href="//www.iqiyi.com/" title="爱奇艺视频" data-rseat-v2="iQIYI_logo" class="logo-link2"></a></div><!----><div class="qy-header-side"><!----><div class="header__search"

><div class="client-only-placeholder"><div class="search-box"><span class="search-box-in"><input autocomplete="off" type="text" data-rseat-v2="712211_search_input" class="search-box-input"></span><span class="search-box-out"><

span type="button" class="search-box-btn"><i class="qy20-header-svg qy20-header-svg-search"></i></span></span></div></div></div><div class="header-sideItem header-vip"><div class="client-only-placeholder"><div class="header-si

deItemCon header-vip-login"><i class="header-sideItemIcon qy20-header-svg qy20-header-svg-vip"></i><span class="header__item__tit">VIP</span></div></div></div><div class="header-sideItem qy-header__game"><div class="client-onl

y-placeholder"><a href="//pc.game.iqiyi.com?startfrom=pcw_topbanner " target="_blank" data-rseat-v2="tj_gamecenter" class="header-sideItemCon"><i class="header-sideItemIcon qy20-header-svg qy20-header-svg-game"></i><span class

="header__item__tit">游戏</span></a></div></div><div class="header-sideItem header-upload"><div class="client-only-placeholder"><span data-rseat-v2="712211_upload_ugc" class="header-sideItemCon"><i class="header-sideItemIcon q

y20-header-svg qy20-header-svg-upload"></i><span id="nav_uploadHref" class="header__item__tit">上传</span></span></div></div><div class="header-sideItem header-download"><div class="client-only-placeholder"><div class="header-

sideItemCon"><i class="header-sideItemIcon qy20-header-svg qy20-header-svg-pca-dwn"></i><span class="header__item__tit">客户端</span></div></div></div><div class="header-sideItem header-record"><div class="client-only-placehol

der"><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="//www.iqiyi.com/u/record" data-rseat-v2="tj_history" class="header-sideItemCon"><i class="header-sideItemIcon qy20-header-svg qy20-header-svg-record"></i><span class="header__item__tit">看过</span></a></div></div><div class="header-sideItem header-user"><div class="client-only-placeholder"><div class="header-sideItemCon"><a rel="nofollow" class="header-userLink"><img id="J-user-img" src="

//www.iqiyipic.com/common/fix/site-v5/header-userImg-default-dark.png>..............................................................................................................................................................

二: 添加请求体Cookie,伪装浏览器登录状态

复制代码 
模拟流量器登录：
当访问某些资源时,需要登录后才能访问,此时我们模拟登录,使得被访问的资源知道我们使用go编程的爬虫客户端是登录状态;
这就需要设置Cookie，Cookie通常用来标识客户端的登录状态;Request实例可以使用AddCookie方法给请求添加Cookie
Go 复制代码 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"net/http"
	"strconv"
)

/*
模拟流量器登录：
当访问某些资源时,需要登录后才能访问,此时我们模拟登录,使得被访问的资源知道我们使用go编程的爬虫客户端是登录状态;
这就需要设置Cookie，Cookie通常用来标识客户端的登录状态;Request实例可以使用AddCookie方法给请求添加Cookie
*/
func main() {
	client := &http.Client{}
	request, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "https://www.iqiyi.com/", nil)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}
	// 使用http.Cookie结构体初始化一个Cookie键值对
	cookie := &http.Cookie{Name: "userId", Value: strconv.Itoa(12345)}
	// 使用前面的构建的request方法AddCookie往请求中添加Cookie
	request.AddCookie(cookie)
	request.AddCookie(&http.Cookie{Name: "session", Value: "YWRtaW4="})
	response, err := client.Do(request)
	fmt.Println(response.Request.Cookies())
	fmt.Println(response.StatusCode)
	res, err := io.ReadAll(response.Body)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}
	// 打印body
	fmt.Println(string(res))
}

运行效果： 通常服务器使用session来判断客户端是否为登录用户

[userId=12345 session=YWRtaW4=]

GOROOT=D:\program_file_worker\go1.20 #gosetup

GOPATH=D:\program_file_worker\go1.20\bin;C:\Users\Administrator\go #gosetup

D:\program_file_worker\go1.20\bin\go.exe build -o C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\GoLand\___go_build_OOPHttpServerToCookieLoginBrowser_go.exe D:\program_file\go_workspace\org.jd.data\http\OOPHttpServerToCookieLoginBrowser.go #gosetup

C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\GoLand\___go_build_OOPHttpServerToCookieLoginBrowser_go.exe

[userId=12345 session=YWRtaW4=]

200

<!DOCTYPE html><html data-n-head-ssr><head>

<title>爱奇艺-在线视频网站-海量正版高清视频在线观看</title><meta data-n-head="ssr" charset="utf-8"><meta data-n-head="ssr" name="apple-itunes-app" content="app-id=409563112, app-argument=iqiyi-pad://mobile/home?subtype=iPaihd_0"><meta data-n-head="ssr" name="renderer" content="webkit"><meta data-n-head="ssr" name="bytedance-verification-code" content="OH3/r7XoQqpCuo9kll67"><meta data-n-head="ssr" name="referrer" content="always"><meta data-n-head="ssr" name="google-site-verification" content="X6OJWiV6ws5XxP08OZZNglZpIZD_-EXXeGHyrx7ZTIs"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="W6H9eWF4xB" data-hid="baidu-site-verification" name="baidu-site-verification"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="b14bc44b47df0f69871bc8a4b24832df" name="360-site-verification"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="86697f6b21a3be1fd0dfb363f2103b7b" data-hid="360_ssp_verify" name="360_ssp_verify"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"><meta data-n-head="ssr" lang="zh-CN" http-equiv="content-language"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="99E5BCCCE330E1C63C0CC5BDE57AEE80" data-hid="msvalidate.01" name="msvalidate.01"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="爱奇艺-iQIYI.COM" data-hid="Copyright" name="Copyright"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="爱奇艺-iQIYI.COM" data-hid="author" name="author"><meta data-n-head="ssr" content="爱奇艺视频-在线视d="title" name="title" lang="zh-CN"><meta data-n-head="ssr" property="og:title" lang="zh-CN" content="爱奇艺视频,视频,视频网站,高清视频,电影,电视剧,动漫,综艺,音乐"><meta data-n-head="ssr" name="description" data-hid="descripti爱奇艺(IQIYI.COM)拥有海量、优质、高清的影视剧集等视频内容。爱奇艺VIP限时新用户特惠：首月6元，会员畅看顶级视听品质体验！当前热播《唐朝诡事录》《一年一度喜剧大赛2》《航海王》《请君》"><meta data-n-head="ssr" itemprop="name" cont

YI.COM)拥有海量、优质、高清的影视剧集等视频内容。爱奇艺VIP限时新 新

户特惠：首月6元，会员畅看顶级视听品质体验！当前热播《唐朝诡事录》《一年一度喜剧大赛2》《航海王》《请君》"><meta data-n-head="ssr" name="mobile-agent" content="format=html5;url=//m.iqiyi.com/"><meta data-n-head="ssr" http-equ u

iv="Cache-Control" content="no-transform"><meta data-n-head="ssr" http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-siteapp"><meta data-n-head="ssr" itemprop="image" content="//www.iqiyipic.com/pcwimg/128-128-logo.png"><link data-n-head=

"ssr" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="//www.iqiyipic.com/pcwimg/128-128-logo.png"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="manifest" href="//www.iqiyi.com/manifest.json"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="dns-prefetch" href="//cache.video.

iqiyi.com"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="dns-prefetch" href="//pcw-api.iqiyi.com"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="dns-prefetch" href="//hm.baidu.com"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="dns-prefetch" href="//msg.qy.net"><link data-n-head

="ssr" rel="dns-prefetch" href="//datax.baidu.com"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="dns-prefetch" href="//static.iqiyi.com"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="dns-prefetch" href="//static-s.iqiyi.com"><link data-n-head="ssr" rel="altern

ate" hreflang="zh-CN" href="//www.iqiyi.com/">

三: 请求体添加Header,绕过反爬策略

复制代码 
有需网站作了反爬措施,一般会通过根据Header头中的User-Agent的值解析判断是浏览器还是爬虫;
这时我们需要设置成浏览器的UA来绕过这类反爬措施;Request可以直接使用request.Header.Set(key,value)来设置Header
Go 复制代码 
package main

import (
	"compress/flate"
	"compress/gzip"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"net/http"
)

func main() {
	println(`
        有需网站作了反爬措施,一般会通过根据Header头中的User-Agent的值解析判断是浏览器还是爬虫;
        这时我们需要设置成浏览器的UA来绕过这类反爬措施;Request可以直接使用request.Header.Set(key,value)来设置Header
    `)

	client := &http.Client{}
	request, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://www.baidu.com/", nil)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}

	// 设置request的header,具体可参考HTTP协议
	request.Header.Set("Accept", "text/html, application/xhtml+xml, application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8")
	request.Header.Set("Accept-Charset", "UTF-8, utf-8;q=0.7, *; q=0.3")
	request.Header.Set("Accept-Encoding", "gzip,deflate,sdch")
	request.Header.Set("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8")
	request.Header.Set("Cache-Control", "max-age=0")
	request.Header.Set("Connection", "keep-alive")
	request.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0;WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML,like Gecko) Chrome/72.0.3626.121 Safari/537.36")
	response, err := client.Do(request)
	fmt.Printf("%#v", response.Request.Header)
	//res, err := io.ReadAll(response.Body)
	switch response.Header.Get("Content-Encoding") {
	case "gzip":
		bodyReader, err := gzip.NewReader(response.Body)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Println(err)
		}
		res, err := io.ReadAll(bodyReader)
		// 打印body
		fmt.Println(string(res))

	case "deflate":
		bodyReader := flate.NewReader(response.Body)
		res, err := io.ReadAll(bodyReader)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Println(err)
		}
		// 打印body
		fmt.Println(string(res))
	default:
		bodyReader := response.Body
		res, err := io.ReadAll(bodyReader)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Println(err)
		}
		// 打印body
		fmt.Println(string(res))
	}
}

运行效果：

GOROOT=D:\program_file_worker\go1.20 #gosetup

GOPATH=D:\program_file_worker\go1.20\bin;C:\Users\Administrator\go #gosetup

D:\program_file_worker\go1.20\bin\go.exe build -o C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\GoLand\___go_build_OOPHttpServerGetToSetHeaderRequest_go.exe D:\program_file\go_workspace\org.jd.data\http\OOPHttpServerGetToSetHeaderRequest.go #gosetup

C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\GoLand\___go_build_OOPHttpServerGetToSetHeaderRequest_go.exe

有需网站作了反爬措施,一般会通过根据Header头中的User-Agent的值解析判断是浏览器还是爬虫;

这时我们需要设置成浏览器的UA来绕过这类反爬措施;Request可以直接使用request.Header.Set(key,value)来设置Header

http.Header{"Accept":[]string{"text/html, application/xhtml+xml, application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8"}, "Accept-Charset":[]string{"UTF-8, utf-8;q=0.7, *; q=0.3"}, "Accept-Encoding":[]string{"gzip,deflate,sdch"}, "Accept-Language":[]string{"zh-CN,zh;q=0.8"}, "Cache-Control":[]string{"max-age=0"}, "Connection":[]string{"keep-alive"}, "Referer":[]string{"http://www.baidu.com/"}, "User-Agent":[]string{"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0;WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML,like Gecko) Chrome/72.0.3626.121 Safari/537.36"}}

<!DOCTYPE html><!--STATUS OK--><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"><meta content="always" name="referrer"><meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"><meta name="description" content="全球领先的中文搜索引擎、致力于让网民更便捷地获取信息，找到所求。百度超过千亿的中文网页数据库，可以瞬间找到相aidu.com/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /><link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/content-search.xml" title="百度搜索" /><link rel="icon" sizes="any" mask href="https://www.baidu.com/favicon.iclink rel="dns-prefetch" href="//dss0.bdstatic.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//dss1.bdstatic.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//ss1.bdstatic.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//sp0.baidu.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//sp1.baidu.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//sp2.baidu.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//pss.bdstatic.com"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="https://psstatic.cdn.bcebos.com/video/wiseindex/aa6eef91f8b5b1a33b454c401_1660835115000.png"><title>百度一下，你就知道</title>

四: 直接使用Get(url)函数发送请求

复制代码 
Client类型包含get方法,get方法时对Do方法的封装,使用get方法可以快速发起一个get请求;
http包中也有一个叫GET的方法,底层就是调用Client的GET方法
Go 复制代码 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
)

/*
Client类型包含get方法,get方法时对Do方法的封装,使用get方法可以快速发起一个get请求;
http包中也有一个叫GET的方法,底层就是调用Client的GET方法
*/
func main() {
	// http.Get实际上是DefaultClient.Get(url)，Get函数是高度封装的,只有一个参数Url
	// 对于一般的http Request是可以使用，但是不能定制Request
	response, err := http.Get("http://www.baidu.com")
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}

	defer response.Body.Close()
	body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body)
	fmt.Println(string(body))

}

运行效果：

GOROOT=D:\program_file_worker\go1.20 #gosetup

GOPATH=D:\program_file_worker\go1.20\bin;C:\Users\Administrator\go #gosetup

D:\program_file_worker\go1.20\bin\go.exe build -o C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\GoLand\___go_build_OOPHttpServerUseGetMethodToSendRequest_go.exe D:\program_file\go_workspace\org.jd.data\http\OOPHttpServerUseGetMethodToSendRequest.go #gosetup

C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\GoLand\___go_build_OOPHttpServerUseGetMethodToSendRequest_go.exe

<!DOCTYPE html><!--STATUS OK--><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"><meta content="always" name="referrer"><meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"><meta name="description" content="全球领先的中文搜索引擎、致力于让网民更便捷地获取信息，找到所求。百度超过千亿的中文网页数据库，可以瞬间找到相关的搜索结果。"><link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://warch" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/content-search.xml" title="百度搜索" /><link rel="icon" sizes="any" mask href="https://www.baidu.com/favicon.ico"><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//dss0.bdstatic.com"/>< rel="dns-prefetch" href="//dss1.bdstatic.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//ss1.bdstatic.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//sp0.baidu.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//sp1.baidu.com"/><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//sp2.baidu.com"/>

五: Post()携带数据发送请求

复制代码 
post发送web请求
Post向指定的URL发送一个post请求,bodyType为post数据的类型,body为post数据,作为请求主体。
如果参数body实现了io.Close接口,它会在请求后被关闭,调用者有责任读取完返回值resp的主体后关闭它,
该方法时对Client的POST方法的封装
Go 复制代码 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
	"strings"
)

/*
post发送web请求

	Post向指定的URL发送一个post请求,bodyType为post数据的类型,body为post数据,作为请求主体。
	如果参数body实现了io.Close接口,它会在请求后被关闭,调用者有责任读取完返回值resp的主体后关闭它,
	该方法时对Client的POST方法的封装
*/
func main() {
	resp, err := http.Post("https://blog.csdn.net/u014396256/article/details/84645350",
		"application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
		strings.NewReader("user=admin&pass=admin"))
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}

	defer resp.Body.Close()
	body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(string(body))

}

运行效果：

GOROOT=D:\program_file_worker\go1.20 #gosetup

GOPATH=D:\program_file_worker\go1.20\bin;C:\Users\Administrator\go #gosetup

D:\program_file_worker\go1.20\bin\go.exe build -o C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\GoLand\___go_build_OOPHttpServerPostToWebRequest_go.exe D:\program_file\go_workspace\org.jd.data\http\OOPHttpServerPostToWebRequest.go #gosetup

C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\GoLand\___go_build_OOPHttpServerPostToWebRequest_go.exe

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="zh-CN">

<head>

<meta charset="utf-8">

<link rel="canonical" href="https://blog.csdn.net/u014396256/article/details/84645350"/>

<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">

<meta name="renderer" content="webkit"/>

<meta name="force-rendering" content="webkit"/>

<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"/>

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">

<meta name="report" content='{"spm":"1001.2101","extra":{"titAb":"t_1","lvab":"t_1"},"pid":"blog"}'>

<meta name="referrer" content="always">

<meta http-equiv="Cache-Control" content="no-siteapp" /><link rel="alternate" media="handheld" href="#" />

<meta name="shenma-site-verification" content="5a59773ab8077d4a62bf469ab966a63b_1497598848">

<meta name="applicable-device" content="pc">

<link href="https://g.csdnimg.cn/static/logo/favicon32.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" />

<title>解决@ResponseBody注解返回中文乱码_responsebody返回中文乱码-CSDN博客</title>

<script>

(function(){

var el = document.createElement("script");

el.src = "https://s3a.pstatp.com/toutiao/push.js?1abfa13dfe74d72d41d83c86d240de427e7cac50c51ead53b2e79d40c7952a23ed7716d05b4a0f683a653eab3e214672511de2457e74e99286eb2c33f4428830";

el.id = "ttzz";

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<meta name="description" content="用@ResponseBody注解返回字符串时，发现返回页面上的中文是乱码，这个问题 是由于 spring mvc 使用了StringHttpMessageConverter ；来看一下这个类public class StringHttpMessageConverter extends AbstractHttpMessageConverter&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; { publ..._responsebody返回中文乱码">

{"@context":"https://ziyuan.baidu.com/contexts/cambrian.jsonld","@id":"https://blog.csdn.net/u014396256/article/details/84645350","appid":"1638831770136827","pubDate":"2018-11-30T11:02:20","title":"解决@ResponseBody注解返回中文乱码_responsebody返回中文乱码-CSDN博客","upDate":"2018-11-30T11:02:20"}</script>

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://csdnimg.cn/release/blogv2/dist/pc/themesSkin/skin-yellow/skin-yellow-28d34ab5fa.min.css">

<script src="https://csdnimg.cn/public/common/libs/jquery/jquery-1.9.1.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>

<script type="text/javascript">

var isCorporate = false;//注释删除enterprise

var articleTitle = "解决@ResponseBody注解返回中文乱码";

var articleDesc = "用@ResponseBody注解返回字符串时，发现返回页面上的中文是乱码，这个问题 是由于 spring mvc 使用了StringHttpMessageConverter ；来看一下这个类public class StringHttpMessageConverter extends AbstractHttpMessageConverter&amp;lt;String&amp;gt; { publ..._responsebody返回中文乱码";

var articleTitles = "解决@ResponseBody注解返回中文乱码_responsebody返回中文乱码-CSDN博客";

var nickName = "栋栋哥哥";

var articleDetailUrl = "https://blog.csdn.net/u014396256/article/details/84645350";

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blog_address = blogUrl + username;

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://csdnimg.cn/release/blogv2/dist/pc/css/blog_code-01256533b5.min.css">

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://csdnimg.cn/release/blogv2/dist/mdeditor/css/editerView/chart-3456820cac.css" />

六: PostForm()携带数据发送请求

复制代码 
除了Post携带参数发送请求外,还可以使用PostForm(url string,data url.Values)函数封装请求数据,向服务器发送请求;
该方法是对Client的PostForm方法的包装
Go 复制代码 
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
	"net/url"
)

/*
除了Post携带参数发送请求外,还可以使用PostForm(url string,data url.Values)函数封装请求数据,向服务器发送请求;
该方法是对Client的PostForm方法的包装
*/
func main() {

	resp, err := http.PostForm("https://blog.csdn.net/u014396256/article/details/84645350",
		url.Values{"user": {"admin"}, "password": {"admin"}})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}

	defer resp.Body.Close()
	readBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(string(readBytes))

}

运行效果：

GOROOT=D:\program_file_worker\go1.20 #gosetup

GOPATH=D:\program_file_worker\go1.20\bin;C:\Users\Administrator\go #gosetup

D:\program_file_worker\go1.20\bin\go.exe build -o C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\GoLand\___go_build_OOPHttpServerPostFormToWebRequest_go.exe D:\program_file\go_workspace\org.jd.data\http\OOPHttpServerPostFormToWebRequest.go #gosetup

C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\GoLand\___go_build_OOPHttpServerPostFormToWebRequest_go.exe

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="zh-CN">

<head>

<meta charset="utf-8">

<link rel="canonical" href="https://blog.csdn.net/u014396256/article/details/84645350"/>

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<meta name="renderer" content="webkit"/>

<meta name="force-rendering" content="webkit"/>

<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"/>

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">

<meta name="report" content='{"spm":"1001.2101","extra":{"titAb":"t_1","lvab":"t_1"},"pid":"blog"}'>

<meta name="referrer" content="always">

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<script>

(function(){

var el = document.createElement("script");

el.src = "https://s3a.pstatp.com/toutiao/push.js?1abfa13dfe74d72d41d83c86d240de427e7cac50c51ead53b2e79d40c7952a23ed7716d05b4a0f683a653eab3e214672511de2457e74e99286eb2c33f4428830";

el.id = "ttzz";

var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];

s.parentNode.insertBefore(el, s);

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忙着去耍帅,后期补充完整............

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