hive针对带有特殊字符非法json数据解析

一、背景

有的时候前端或者后端进行埋点日志，会把json里面的数据再加上双引号，或者特殊字符，在落日志的时候，组装的格式就不是正常的json数据了，我们就需要将带有特殊字符的json数据解析成正常的json数据。

二、正则表达式基础介绍

1.正则表达式匹配引号

匹配双引号"用"

匹配单引号'用'

2.正则表达式匹配正则表达式中用到的特殊符号时需加\

如()[]{}/|-+

匹配[用\[

匹配]用\]

匹配\用\\

匹配/用\/

匹配|用\|

匹配-用\-

匹配+用\+

匹配大写英文或小写英文或数字或下划线用\w或0-9a-zA-Z_

3.正则表达式中各种扩号()[]{}作用

中括号[]表示匹配单个字符，匹配中扩号里列出的任意一个字符

[dsa]//匹配d或s或a

小括号（）表示匹配字符串，匹配小扩号里列出的所有字符构成的字符串

（dsaff） //仅能匹配dsaff

大括号{}表示匹配的次数，放于()或[]之后

[dsa]{1，8}//匹配1-8次[dsa],如匹配d,dd,dddddddd
(dsa){1，8}//匹配1-8次(dsa),如匹配dsa,dsadsadsadsadsadsadsadsa

4.常用匹配例子

例子（匹配英语键盘上的任意非空字符）

 QRegExp re("^[\\w~!@#$%^&*()+`={}:;<>?,.|'\"\[\\]\\-\\/\\\\]+$");
   
 QString test("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ`1234567890-=~!@#$%^&*()_+[]{}|;:'\"\\/,.<>?");

 bool match = re.exactMatch(test);  //match=true

例子（匹配任意合法表示的有理数）

 QRegExp reg("^(\\-(?!0(?!\\.))|\\+(?!0(?!\\.)))?(0|[1-9]\\d*)(\\.\\d+)?$"); 
   
 QString test("41424.4155346");

 bool match = re.exactMatch(test);  //match=true

例子（匹配任意合法表示的非负有理数）

 QRegExp reg("^(\\+(?!0(?!\\.)))?(0|[1-9]\\d*)(\\.\\d+)?$"); 
   
 QString test("41424.4155346");

 bool match = re.exactMatch(test);  //match=true

例子（匹配任意合法表示的正有理数）

 QRegExp reg("^(\\+)?(0(?=\\.)|[1-9]\\d*)(\\.\\d+)?$"); 
   
 QString test("41424.4155346");

 bool match = re.exactMatch(test);  //match=true

例子（匹配任意合法表示的整型数字）

 QRegExp reg("^(\\-(?!0)|\\+(?!0))?(0|[1-9]\\d*)$");
   
 QString test("414246");

 bool match = re.exactMatch(test);  //match=true

例子（匹配任意合法表示的非负整型数字）

 QRegExp reg("^(\\+(?!0))?(0|[1-9]\\d*)$"); 
   
 QString test("414246");

 bool match = re.exactMatch(test);  //match=true

例子（匹配任意合法表示的正整型数字）

 QRegExp reg("^(\\+)?([1-9]\\d*)$"); 
   
 QString test("414246");

 bool match = re.exactMatch(test);  //match=true

例子（匹配任意合法表示的密码）

QRegExp reg("^[\\w~!@#$%^&*()+`={}:;<>?,.|'\"\[\\]\\-\\/\\\\]+$");
        if (!reg.exactMatch(value.data())) {
            message_ =
                QObject::tr("The password can only contanin numbers, English "
                            "characters or special characters  ")
                    .toStdString();
            return false;
        }
        return true;

例子（匹配任意合法表示的密码）

QRegExp reg("^[\\w~!@#$%^&*()+`={}:;<>?,.|'\"\[\\]\\-\\/\\\\]+$");
        if (!reg.exactMatch(value.data())) {
            message_ =
                QObject::tr("The password can only contanin numbers, English "
                            "characters or special characters  ")
                    .toStdString();
            return false;
        }
        return true;

三、带有特殊字符的json

{"event":"eventDiagnose","extra":"{"url":"http://10.60.12.19/yhyy/jyxxgx/wgcf/c01001Action.do?aac001=21000743804&appkey=34507162&djsj=&hzlx=1&jzsxh=MT0097220602524289&kh=6214670060006182632&ksmc=%e5%86%85%e5%88%86%e6%b3%8c%e4%b8%93%e4%b8%9a&method=guahao.common.timestamp&mtbz=M01600&mzsxh=MT0097220602524289&nl=50&rtbm=RT010&rtbz=1&sfzh=120113197212251618&sign=045E6C8DD93FD34183E481131AADB5C5&sqbm=&timestamp=20220602115508&version=1&xb=1&xm=%E7%B3%96%E4%BA%BA%E5%A4%B4%E6%82%A3%E8%80%85&xz=310&ysbm=D120111040341&ysmc=%E5%BC%A0%E5%90%8C%E4%BC%9A&yybm=H12011100949&yymc=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8C%97%E9%95%87&zzbz","requestBaseUrl":"","channelType":"channel_prescription","patientIdentityNo":"Dl2nIFwb061tFNa5O3oeI9BIicr0FZaQ4A3YC+f4FyRH6b2yn+VjLvqt7icJr14jv9PyumO7c3WMRpi3A9wS9A==","doctorCode":"D120111040341","orgCode":"H12011100949","renderType":"dialog","id":"float-news","hideRenderSuspensionBall":false,"version":"8e55c7d2e657142b1237297aaa6b2592-1689920468320","keyboardClose":true,"source":"yh","hospitalCode":"H12011100949","departmentCode":"","departmentName":"全科医疗科","patientIdNo":"Dl2nIFwb061tFNa5O3oeI9BIicr0FZaQ4A3YC+f4FyRH6b2yn+VjLvqt7icJr14jv9PyumO7c3WMRpi3A9wS9A==","medicalType":"2","diseaseNum":"M01600","clinicNumber":"MT0097220602524289","pharmacyCode":"^F13","pharmacyName":"健共体西药房中北镇","pharmacyType":"0","diagnoseList":[[{"zdbm":"E11.900","zdmc":"2型糖尿病"}],[]],"token":"2322e30f74114a60b011fbf4ba21dde8","appKey":"k6XSr6QnRCL7IE25","diagnoses":[{"diagnosisCode":"E11.900","diagnosisName":"2型糖尿病","diagnosisType":1}],"suspensionBallDialogIndex":1}","source":"yh","userId":"120113197212251618","visitCode":"MT0097220602524289"}

四、去除特殊字符（不同的函数解析正则表达式的方法和功能不太一样，regexp_replace会比translate更完善一些）

insert overwrite table wedw_dw.chdisease_gpt_opt_log_df
select 
  id            
,trace_id      
,per_user_type 
,oper_user_id  
,oper_user_name
,oper_type     
,oper_module   
,data_owner    
,oper_data_id  
,regexp_replace(regexp_replace(translate(translate(translate(translate(log_desc,'\n',''),'\r',' '),'\t',' '),'\\',''),'(\\"\\{)','\\{'),'(\\}\\")','\\}') as  log_desc     
,gmt_created   
,regexp_replace(regexp_replace(translate(translate(translate(translate(oper_result,'\n',''),'\r',' '),'\t',' '),'\\',''),'(\\"\\{)','\\{'),'(\\}\\")','\\}') as   oper_result 
,is_deleted    
from wedw_ods.chdisease_gpt_opt_log_df;

正常的json字符串：

{"event":"eventPrescription","extra":{"url":"http://172.16.100.203/yhyy/jyxxgx/wgcf/c01001Action.do?aac001=21001009308&appkey=02358167&djsj=&hzlx=1&jzsxh=MZ0949231022475927&kh=&ksmc=%e5%85%a8%e7%a7%91%e5%8c%bb%e7%96%97&method=guahao.common.timestamp&mtbz=&mzsxh=MZ0949231022475927&nl=60&rtbm=&rtbz=&sfzh=120224196302163822&sign=FD6B6FFF46B006C61EB662830960775C&timestamp=20231022165238&version=1&xb=2&xm=%e9%ab%98%e5%86%9b%e7%84%b6&xz=310&ysbm=D120111040344&ysmc=%e5%91%a8%e6%96%b0%e6%96%87&yybm=H12011100949&yymc=%e5%a4%a9%e6%b4%a5%e5%b8%82%e8%a5%bf%e9%9d%92%e5%8c%ba%e4%b8%ad%e5%8c%97%e9%95%87%e7%a4%be%e5%8c%ba%e5%8d%ab%e7%94%9f%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e4%b8%ad%e5%bf%83&zzbz=","requestBaseUrl":"","channelType":"channel_prescription","patientIdentityNo":"cc66GFf5OM8EX6ravk8XjYGP1m8/nUJGqD8UDfWtk3T62SW19E6z3nPq0BVThI0VuLPgbxiFSdI1Zuo7hRnRgw==","doctorCode":"D120111040344","orgCode":"H12011100949","renderType":"dialog","id":"float-news","hideRenderSuspensionBall":false,"version":"9400120f464b403b873913713f5b6b7b-1690977749121","keyboardClose":true,"source":"yh","hospitalCode":"H12011100949","departmentCode":"","departmentName":"u5168u79d1u533bu7597u79d1","patientIdNo":"cc66GFf5OM8EX6ravk8XjYGP1m8/nUJGqD8UDfWtk3T62SW19E6z3nPq0BVThI0VuLPgbxiFSdI1Zuo7hRnRgw==","medicalType":"1","clinicNumber":"MZ0949231022475927","pharmacyCode":"^F13","pharmacyName":"u5065u5171u4f53u897fu836fu623fu4e2du5317u9547","pharmacyType":"0","diagnoseList":[[{"zdbm":"E11.501+I79.2*","zdmc":"2u578bu7cd6u5c3fu75c5u6027u5468u56f4u8840u7ba1u75c5u53d8"}],[{"zdbm":"E11.401+G63.2*","zdmc":"2u578bu7cd6u5c3fu75c5u6027u5468u56f4u795eu7ecfu75c5"},{"zdbm":"E78.500","zdmc":"u9ad8u8102u8840u75c7"}]],"token":"089b85839db94a80a6c4f09352f97104","appKey":"4QG1dS38sdBQyhSe","diagnoses":[{"diagnosisCode":"E11.501+I79.2*","diagnosisName":"2u578bu7cd6u5c3fu75c5u6027u5468u56f4u8840u7ba1u75c5u53d8","diagnosisType":1},{"diagnosisCode":"E11.401+G63.2*","diagnosisName":"2u578bu7cd6u5c3fu75c5u6027u5468u56f4u795eu7ecfu75c5","diagnosisType":2},{"diagnosisCode":"E78.500","diagnosisName":"u9ad8u8102u8840u75c7","diagnosisType":2}],"suspensionBallDialogIndex":1,"medicines":[{"pscId":"WG202310220538601","commonName":"u745eu8212u4f10u4ed6u6c40u9499u7247","productName":"u745eu8212u4f10u4ed6u6c40u9499u7247"},{"pscId":"WG202310220538601","commonName":"u4f9du5e15u53f8u4ed6u7247","productName":"u5510u6797"},{"pscId":"WG202310220538601","commonName":"u80f0u6fc0u80bdu539fu9176u80a0u6eb6u7247","productName":"u6021u5f00"}]},"source":"yh","userId":"120224196302163822","visitCode":"MZ0949231022475927"}