云原生|kubernetes |kubelet服务加入系统守护进程supervisor（centos7系统下演示通过）

前言：

kubelet 是 Kubernetes 集群中的一个重要组件，运行在每个节点上，负责管理该节点上的容器和Pod。它与控制平面（如 API Server 和 kube-controller-manager）通信，确保节点上的容器与期望的状态保持一致。

以下是 kubelet 的一些主要功能和工作原理：

1. Pod 管理：kubelet 负责管理节点上的 Pod。它根据从 API Server 获取的 Pod 定义（PodSpec）来创建、启动、停止和删除容器。
2. 容器生命周期管理：kubelet 负责监控容器的运行状态，并在需要时重新启动失败的容器。它还会处理容器的存储卷挂载、网络设置等操作。
3. 资源管理：kubelet 监控节点上的资源利用情况，确保不超出节点的资源限制。它可以根据资源请求和限制设置合适的 QoS 类别，并调整 Pod 资源分配。
4. 健康检查和探针：kubelet 通过周期性的健康检查和探针来监控容器的健康状态。如果容器不健康，kubelet 将采取相应的措施，如重新启动容器或从服务中移除。
5. Pod 事件和状态报告：kubelet 会将节点上发生的事件和状态信息报告给集群的 API Server，以便控制平面能够跟踪每个节点和 Pod 的状态。
6. 与控制平面通信：kubelet 与 API Server 和 kube-controller-manager 进行通信，以获取 Pod 定义、报告状态，以及接收指令来启动或停止容器。
7. Pod 生命周期钩子：kubelet 支持在容器生命周期各个阶段执行用户定义的钩子，如容器创建前后、停止前后等。
8. 资源配额和限制：kubelet 根据 Pod 的资源请求和限制来监视和限制容器的资源使用。
9. 镜像管理：kubelet 从指定的容器镜像仓库中下载镜像，以供启动容器。

从以上可以看出，kubelet服务是一个非常重要的服务，而在kubernetes集群遇到比较大的负载的情况下，例如雪崩事件影响的时候，通常，kubelet服务会是第一个崩溃，此服务崩溃后通常需要自己手动在启动该服务，这个未免是不智能的，因为如果有非常多的集群需要管理，无疑是一个灾难性的事情。

那么，我们可以把这样的重要服务加入系统守护进程来，在遇到灾难性的事件时，通过supervisor守护进程强行拉起kubelet，免去手动启动重要服务的麻烦。

下面将就如何把关键服务kubelet加入系统守护进程supervisor做一个简单的描述。

一，

supervisor守护进程的安装

supervisor的离线安装包：

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1PWispap5zo0asvGS6qIY0w?pwd=kkey
提取码：kkey

###注：此安装包设置为本地仓库即可使用，yum安装命令为：yum install supervisor -y

如果不想使用离线安装包，可以参考我的另一篇博文进行在线安装： 【精选】Linux之奇怪的知识---supervisor超级守护进程的意义和使用方法_systemctl restart supervisord-CSDN博客

supervisor守护进程安装完毕后，启动该服务即可，后面进行配置：

[root@node4 ~]# systemctl enable supervisord
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/supervisord.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/supervisord.service.
[root@node4 ~]# systemctl start supervisord
[root@node4 ~]# systemctl status supervisord
● supervisord.service - Process Monitoring and Control Daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/supervisord.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sun 2023-11-05 18:59:44 CST; 7min ago
 Main PID: 62698 (supervisord)
   CGroup: /system.slice/supervisord.service
           └─62698 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf

Nov 05 18:59:44 node4 systemd[1]: Starting Process Monitoring and Control Daemon...
Nov 05 18:59:44 node4 systemd[1]: Started Process Monitoring and Control Daemon.

二，

kubelet服务

以work节点的kubelet服务为例，先观察此kubelet服务的启动命令：

[root@node4 ~]# systemctl status kubelet -l
● kubelet.service - kubelet: The Kubernetes Node Agent
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
  Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d
           └─10-kubeadm.conf
   Active: active (running) since Sun 2023-11-05 19:12:49 CST; 53s ago
     Docs: http://kubernetes.io/docs/
 Main PID: 9815 (kubelet)
    Tasks: 15
   Memory: 41.6M
   CGroup: /system.slice/kubelet.service
           └─9815 /usr/local/bin/kubelet --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf --config=/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml --cgroup-driver=systemd --network-plugin=cni --pod-infra-container-image=kubesphere/pause:3.6 --node-ip=192.168.123.14 --hostname-override=node4

Nov 05 19:12:50 node4 kubelet[9815]: I1105 19:12:50.787510    9815 reconciler.go:238] "operationExecutor.VerifyControllerAttachedVolume started for volume \"kube-api-access-vqrrg\" (UniqueName: \"kubernetes.io/projected/9dc7319e-2d19-482d-935a-f069ae991c64-kube-api-access-vqrrg\") pod \"kube-proxy-649mn\" (UID: \"9dc7319e-2d19-482d-935a-f069ae991c64\") " pod="kube-system/kube-proxy-649mn"
Nov 05 19:12:50 node4 kubelet[9815]: I1105 19:12:50.787524    9815 reconciler.go:238] "operationExecutor.VerifyControllerAttachedVolume started for volume \"var-run-calico\" (UniqueName: \"kubernetes.io/host-path/34b2d437-1345-4f5e-a931-7185f56fdda7-var-run-calico\") pod \"calico-node-5ztjk\" (UID: \"34b2d437-1345-4f5e-a931-7185f56fdda7\") " pod="kube-system/calico-node-5ztjk"
Nov 05 19:12:50 node4 kubelet[9815]: I1105 19:12:50.787537    9815 reconciler.go:238] "operationExecutor.VerifyControllerAttachedVolume started for volume \"var-lib-calico\" (UniqueName: \"kubernetes.io/host-path/34b2d437-1345-4f5e-a931-7185f56fdda7-var-lib-calico\") pod \"calico-node-5ztjk\" (UID: \"34b2d437-1345-4f5e-a931-7185f56fdda7\") " pod="kube-system/calico-node-5ztjk"
Nov 05 19:12:50 node4 kubelet[9815]: I1105 19:12:50.787551    9815 reconciler.go:238] "operationExecutor.VerifyControllerAttachedVolume started for volume \"host-local-net-dir\" (UniqueName: \"kubernetes.io/host-path/34b2d437-1345-4f5e-a931-7185f56fdda7-host-local-net-dir\") pod \"calico-node-5ztjk\" (UID: \"34b2d437-1345-4f5e-a931-7185f56fdda7\") " pod="kube-system/calico-node-5ztjk"
Nov 05 19:12:50 node4 kubelet[9815]: I1105 19:12:50.787565    9815 reconciler.go:238] "operationExecutor.VerifyControllerAttachedVolume started for volume \"xtables-lock\" (UniqueName: \"kubernetes.io/host-path/a199e406-8b57-4d77-890d-4b1f0c0a1868-xtables-lock\") pod \"nodelocaldns-ndlbw\" (UID: \"a199e406-8b57-4d77-890d-4b1f0c0a1868\") " pod="kube-system/nodelocaldns-ndlbw"
Nov 05 19:12:50 node4 kubelet[9815]: I1105 19:12:50.787574    9815 reconciler.go:167] "Reconciler: start to sync state"
Nov 05 19:12:51 node4 kubelet[9815]: E1105 19:12:51.573907    9815 kubelet.go:1745] "Failed creating a mirror pod for" err="pods \"haproxy-node4\" already exists" pod="kube-system/haproxy-node4"
Nov 05 19:12:51 node4 kubelet[9815]: I1105 19:12:51.847708    9815 prober_manager.go:274] "Failed to trigger a manual run" probe="Readiness"
Nov 05 19:12:51 node4 kubelet[9815]: I1105 19:12:51.967443    9815 request.go:685] Waited for 1.078626222s due to client-side throttling, not priority and fairness, request: POST:https://127.0.0.1:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/serviceaccounts/kube-proxy/token
Nov 05 19:12:56 node4 kubelet[9815]: I1105 19:12:56.256375    9815 prober_manager.go:274] "Failed to trigger a manual run" probe="Readiness"

可以看到，此服务的启动命令是：

此命令将在下面的supervisor配置里使用

/usr/local/bin/kubelet --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf --config=/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml --cgroup-driver=systemd --network-plugin=cni --pod-infra-container-image=kubesphere/pause:3.6 --node-ip=192.168.123.14 --hostname-override=node4

三，

supervisor的子配置文件编写：

cat >/etc/supervisord.d/kubelet.ini <<EOF
[program:kubelet]
command=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.sh run	;
user=root
process_name=%(program_name)s ; 程序名称
numprocs=1                    ; 复制的进程数
directory=/etc/kubernetes                ; 启动之后进入的目录
priority=1                    ; 启动的相对优先级
autostart=true                ; supervisord 启动后，也启动（默认跟随启动）
startsecs=3                  ; 程序持续运行3秒后任即为程序已经运行
startretries=3                ; 启动失败后最大的重启尝试次数，默认3次
autorestart=true              ; 异常终止后，自启
exitcodes=0                   ;异常退出错误码
stopsignal=QUIT               ; 向进程发送kill 信号：默认TERM，
stopwaitsecs=10               ; 结束后最大的等待时间
stopasgroup=true             ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
killasgroup=true             ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
redirect_stderr=true          ; 重定向错误输出到标准输出
stdout_logfile=/var/log/kubelet/kubelet.log        ; 日志输出路径
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=10MB   ; 日志文件大小
stdout_logfile_backups=20     ; 备份日志份数
EOF

根据以上配置文件创建kubelet的运行脚本和日志存放目录：

###注 脚本内容是第二节提到的命令，直接复制即可

cat >/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.sh<<EOF
#!/bin/bash
/usr/local/bin/kubelet --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf --config=/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml --cgroup-driver=systemd --network-plugin=cni --pod-infra-container-image=kubesphere/pause:3.6 --node-ip=192.168.123.14 --hostname-override=node4
EOF

mkdir -p /var/log/kubelet/
chmod a+x /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.sh

四，

停止原kubelet服务，使用supervisor守护kubelet服务

systemctl disable kubelet
systemctl stop kubelet
systemctl restart supervisord

查看supervisor守护进程的日志：

2023-11-05 19:38:26,043 CRIT Supervisor is running as root.  Privileges were not dropped because no user is specified in the config file.  If you intend to run as root, you can set user=root in the config file to avoid this message.
2023-11-05 19:38:26,043 INFO Included extra file "/etc/supervisord.d/kubelet.ini" during parsing
2023-11-05 19:38:26,055 INFO RPC interface 'supervisor' initialized
2023-11-05 19:38:26,055 CRIT Server 'unix_http_server' running without any HTTP authentication checking
2023-11-05 19:38:26,056 INFO daemonizing the supervisord process
2023-11-05 19:38:26,056 INFO supervisord started with pid 22557
2023-11-05 19:38:27,058 INFO spawned: 'kubelet' with pid 22562
2023-11-05 19:38:30,443 INFO success: kubelet entered RUNNING state, process has stayed up for > than 3 seconds (startsecs)

可以看到最后一句话表示kubelet服务已经成功由supervisor守护进程守护

查看kubelet服务的日志：

Flag --cgroup-driver has been deprecated, This parameter should be set via the config file specified by the Kubelet's --config flag. See https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/kubelet-config-file/ for more information.
Flag --network-plugin has been deprecated, will be removed along with dockershim.
Flag --cgroup-driver has been deprecated, This parameter should be set via the config file specified by the Kubelet's --config flag. See https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/kubelet-config-file/ for more information.
Flag --network-plugin has been deprecated, will be removed along with dockershim.
W1105 19:38:27.107932   22563 feature_gate.go:237] Setting GA feature gate TTLAfterFinished=true. It will be removed in a future release.
W1105 19:38:27.108024   22563 feature_gate.go:237] Setting GA feature gate TTLAfterFinished=true. It will be removed in a future release.
I1105 19:38:27.117410   22563 server.go:446] "Kubelet version" kubeletVersion="v1.23.16"
W1105 19:38:27.117493   22563 feature_gate.go:237] Setting GA feature gate TTLAfterFinished=true. It will be removed in a future release.
W1105 19:38:27.117533   22563 feature_gate.go:237] Setting GA feature gate TTLAfterFinished=true. It will be removed in a future release.
I1105 19:38:27.117631   22563 server.go:874] "Client rotation is on, will bootstrap in background"
I1105 19:38:27.118630   22563 certificate_store.go:130] Loading cert/key pair from "/var/lib/kubelet/pki/kubelet-client-current.pem".
I1105 19:38:27.119146   22563 dynamic_cafile_content.go:156] "Starting controller" name="client-ca-bundle::/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt"
I1105 19:38:27.171908   22563 server.go:693] "--cgroups-per-qos enabled, but --cgroup-root was not specified.  defaulting to /"
I1105 19:38:27.172095   22563 container_manager_linux.go:281] "Container manager verified user specified cgroup-root exists" cgroupRoot=[]

下面使用ps命令和netstat命令查看一下kubelet的状态：

可以看到，kubelet完美运行，家人们在也不担心kubelet服务崩溃了

[root@node4 ~]# netstat -antup |grep kubelet
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:10248         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      22563/kubelet       
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:42414         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      22563/kubelet       
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:58126         127.0.0.1:6443          ESTABLISHED 22563/kubelet       
tcp6       0      0 :::10250                :::*                    LISTEN      22563/kubelet       
[root@node4 ~]# ps aux |grep kubelet
root     22562  0.0  0.0 115308  1424 ?        S    19:38   0:00 /bin/bash /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.sh run
root     22563  1.0  1.9 1554664 80732 ?       Sl   19:38   0:14 /usr/local/bin/kubelet --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf --config=/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml --cgroup-driver=systemd --network-plugin=cni --pod-infra-container-image=kubesphere/pause:3.6 --node-ip=192.168.123.14 --hostname-override=node4

五，

模拟kubelet服务崩溃，强制结束kubelet服务，看看它能不能自己在拉起来：

[root@node4 ~]# kill -9 22563
[root@node4 ~]# ps aux |grep kubelet
root     46019  0.0  0.0 115308  1420 ?        S    20:04   0:00 /bin/bash /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.sh run
root     46020  8.3  1.7 1349348 72012 ?       Sl   20:04   0:00 /usr/local/bin/kubelet --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf --config=/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml --cgroup-driver=systemd --network-plugin=cni --pod-infra-container-image=kubesphere/pause:3.6 --node-ip=192.168.123.14 --hostname-override=node4
root     46266  0.0  0.0 112712   960 pts/1    S+   20:04   0:00 grep --color=auto kubelet
[root@node4 ~]# netstat -antup |grep kubelet
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:10248         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      46020/kubelet       
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:33615         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      46020/kubelet       
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:36402         127.0.0.1:6443          ESTABLISHED 46020/kubelet       
tcp6       0      0 :::10250                :::*                    LISTEN      46020/kubelet      

查看守护进程的日志，可以看到非常迅速的就把kubelet拉起来了：

2023-11-05 20:04:39,637 INFO exited: kubelet (exit status 137; not expected)
2023-11-05 20:04:39,638 INFO spawned: 'kubelet' with pid 46019
2023-11-05 20:04:43,028 INFO success: kubelet entered RUNNING state, process has stayed up for > than 3 seconds (startsecs)

六，

supervisor的简单管理

例如上面的操作已经将kubelet服务利用supervisor守护起来了，如何使用supervisor来管理这些守护的服务呢？

非常简单，supervisorctl 命令 带status参数查看守护的服务状态，stop restart 是停止和重启，这些就不一一演示了

[root@node4 ~]# supervisorctl status
kubelet                          RUNNING   pid 46019, uptime 2:02:18
[root@node4 ~]# supervisorctl stop kubelet
kubelet: stopped
[root@node4 ~]# ps aux |grep kubelet
root     30189  0.0  0.0 112712   960 pts/0    S+   22:11   0:00 grep --color=auto kubelet
[root@node4 ~]# supervisorctl start kubelet
kubelet: started
[root@node4 ~]# ps aux |grep kubelet
root     30241  0.0  0.0 115308  1424 ?        S    22:12   0:00 /bin/bash /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.sh run
root     30242  5.0  1.8 1415396 73600 ?       Sl   22:12   0:00 /usr/local/bin/kubelet --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf --config=/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml --cgroup-driver=systemd --network-plugin=cni --pod-infra-container-image=kubesphere/pause:3.6 --node-ip=192.168.123.14 --hostname-override=node4
root     30508  0.0  0.0 112712   964 pts/0    S+   22:12   0:00 grep --color=auto kubelet

[root@node4 ~]# supervisorctl restart kubelet
kubelet: stopped
kubelet: started

OK，关键服务的利用supervisor守护进程自动化管理完美完成！！！！！！！

小结：

kubelet服务由supervisor守护进程守护可以有效的防止雪崩等比较严重的故障，可有效的提升kubernetes集群的健壮性。

那么，可能有得小伙伴会有一个疑问：我使用supervisor守护了关键服务，那么别的关键服务比如es，etcd是不是也可以使用supervisor来守护呢？答案是肯定的，除非磁盘损坏等等不可抗力，否则该服务将会永远在线！！！