nodeJS搭建免费代理IP池爬取贴吧图片实战

之前用python写过爬虫，这次想试试nodeJS爬虫爬取贴吧图片，话不多说代码如下，爬取制定吧的前十页所有帖子里的图片

爬取贴吧图片脚本

你得提前创建一个images文件夹

javascript 复制代码

const axios = require("axios");
const cheerio = require("cheerio");
const sanitize = require("sanitize-filename");
const fs = require("fs");
const path = require("path");

// 定义要爬取的贴吧URL
const baseUrl = "https://tieba.baidu.com/f?kw=%CB%EF%D0%A6%B4%A8&fr=ala0&tpl=5&dyTabStr=MCwxLDMsMiw2LDQsNSw4LDcsOQ%3D%3D";

// 发送HTTP请求获取页面内容
async function getTitlesByPage(pageNum) {
  const url = baseUrl + pageNum * 50;
  try {
    const response = await axios.get(url);
    if (response.status === 200) {
      // 使用cheerio解析页面
      const $ = cheerio.load(response.data);

      $(".threadlist_title a.j_th_tit").each((index, element) => {
        // 定义要下载的帖子URL
        const url = "https://jump2.bdimg.com" + $(element).attr("href");

        // 发送HTTP请求获取页面内容
        axios
          .get(url)
          .then((response) => {
            if (response.status === 200) {
              // 使用cheerio解析页面
              const $ = cheerio.load(response.data);

              // 获取帖子中的所有图片链接
              const imgUrls = [];
              $("img.BDE_Image").each((index, element) => {
                imgUrls.push($(element).attr("src"));
              });

              // 下载所有图片
              imgUrls.forEach((imgUrl, index) => {
                axios({
                  method: "get",
                  url: imgUrl,
                  responseType: "stream",
                  headers: {
                    Referer: url,
                  },
                })
                  .then((response) => {
                    const filename = sanitize(path.basename(imgUrl));
                    const filePath = path.resolve(
                      __dirname,
                      `./images/${filename}.jpg`
                    );
                    response.data.pipe(fs.createWriteStream(filePath));
                    console.log(`第 ${index + 1} 张图片下载完成`);
                  })
                  .catch((error) => {
                    console.log(`第 ${index + 1} 张图片下载失败`, error);
                  });
              });
            } else {
              console.log("请求失败");
            }
          })
          .catch((error) => {
            console.log("请求出错", error);
          });
      });

    } else {
      console.log(`请求第 ${pageNum + 1} 页失败`);
    }
  } catch (error) {
    console.log(`请求第 ${pageNum + 1} 页出错`, error);
  }
}

async function getTitles() {
  for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    await getTitlesByPage(i);
  }
}

getTitles();

这里有个弊端，IP会被马上封掉，那么通过爬取免费代理IP网站的IP去创建本地代理IP池txt文件

找了一个勉强可用的免费代理IP网站免费代理IP_免费HTTP代理IP_SOCKS5代理服务器_优质IP代理_89免费代理IP

里面的有效IP很少，那么得自己去大量爬取筛选可用IP

这个是

爬取建立免费代理IP池的脚本

你得提前创建一个proxy.txt文件

javascript 复制代码

const fs = require('fs');
const axios = require('axios');
const cheerio = require('cheerio');

const headers = {
  'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/100.0.4896.127 Safari/537.36',
};


async function get89IP(filePath) {
  for (let i = 1; i <= 10; i++) { // 循环采集前10页的数据
    const url = `https://www.89ip.cn/index_${i}.html`;
    try {
      const response = await axios.get(url, { headers });
      const $ = cheerio.load(response.data);
      const trs = $('table tbody tr');
      trs.each((index, element) => {
        const ip = $(element).find('td:nth-child(1)').text().trim();
        const port = $(element).find('td:nth-child(2)').text().trim();
        const proxyIP = `${ip}:${port}`;
        fs.appendFileSync(filePath, proxyIP + '\n');
      });
      console.log(`第${i}页采集完成`);
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('出错了:', error);
    }
    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 1000));
  }
}

async function main() {
  const filePath = './proxy.txt';
  while (true) {
    try {
      await get89IP(filePath);
      console.log('采集完成');
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('出错了:', error);
    }
    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 60000));
  }
}

main();

采集完成后的筛选IP代码

一个一个筛选太慢，这里使用到了Promise.all

你得提前创建一个KyProxy.txt文件

javascript 复制代码

const fs = require('fs');
const axios = require('axios');

const proxyList = fs.readFileSync('proxy.txt', 'utf-8').split('\n').filter(Boolean);

async function testProxy(ip) {
  try {
    const response = await axios.get('https://tieba.baidu.com/', {
      proxy: {
        host: ip.split(':')[0],
        port: ip.split(':')[1]
      },
      timeout: 5000
    });
    if (response.status === 200 || response.status === 302) {
      return true;
    }
  } catch (error) {
    console.error(error);
  }
  return false;
}

async function main() {
  const promiseArr = [];
  for (const proxy of proxyList) {
    promiseArr.push(testProxy(proxy));
  }
  const resultArr = await Promise.all(promiseArr);
  const validProxies = resultArr.reduce((acc, curr, index) => {
    if (curr) {
      acc.push(proxyList[index]);
      console.log(`代理IP ${proxyList[index]} 可用`);
    } else {
      console.log(`代理IP ${proxyList[index]} 不可用`);
    }
    return acc;
  }, []);

  fs.writeFileSync('kyProxy.txt', validProxies.join('\n'));
  console.log('可用代理IP已写入 kyProxy.txt');
}

main().catch((error) => console.error(error));

到这一步kyProxy.txt里面的IP基本是稳定可用的了，最后一步就是使用kyProxy.txt里的代理I去爬取图片

通过代理IP爬取贴吧图片

javascript 复制代码

const axios = require("axios");
const cheerio = require("cheerio");
const sanitize = require("sanitize-filename");
const fs = require("fs");
const path = require("path");

// 定义要爬取的贴吧URL
const baseUrl =
  "https://tieba.baidu.com/f?kw=%CB%EF%D0%A6%B4%A8&fr=ala0&tpl=5&dyTabStr=MCwxLDMsMiw2LDQsNSw4LDcsOQ%3D%3D";

// 获取代理IP池
async function getProxyList() {
  const fileContent = await fs.promises.readFile(
    path.resolve(__dirname, "./kyProxy.txt"),
    "utf8"
  );
  return fileContent.trim().split("\n");
}

// 发送HTTP请求获取页面内容
async function getTitlesByPage(pageNum, proxyList) {
  const url = baseUrl + pageNum * 50;
  try {
    let success = false;
    for (let i = 0; i < proxyList.length; i++) {
      const proxy = `${proxyList[i]}`;
      console.log(`使用代理IP：${proxy}`);
      try {
        const response = await axios.get(url, {
          proxy: {
            host: proxyList[i].split(":")[0],
            port: proxyList[i].split(":")[1],
          },
        });
        if (response.status === 200) {
          // 使用cheerio解析页面
          const $ = cheerio.load(response.data);

          $(".threadlist_title a.j_th_tit").each(async (index, element) => {
            // 定义要下载的帖子URL
            const url = "https://jump2.bdimg.com" + $(element).attr("href");

            // 发送HTTP请求获取页面内容
            const imgUrls = await getImgUrls(url, proxy);

            // 下载所有图片
            for (let j = 0; j < imgUrls.length; j++) {
              await downloadImg(imgUrls[j], j, url, proxy);
            }
          });
          success = true;
          break;
        } else {
          console.log(`代理IP ${proxy} 请求失败`);
        }
      } catch (error) {
        console.log(`代理IP ${proxy} 请求出错`, error);
      }
    }
    if (!success) {
      console.log(`请求第 ${pageNum + 1} 页失败，跳过`);
    }
  } catch (error) {
    console.log(`请求第 ${pageNum + 1} 页出错`, error);
  }
}

// 获取帖子中的所有图片链接
async function getImgUrls(url, proxy) {
  try {
    const response = await axios.get(url, {
      proxy: {
        host: proxy.split(":")[0],
        port: proxy.split(":")[1],
      },
      headers: {
        Referer: url,
      },
    });
    if (response.status === 200) {
      const $ = cheerio.load(response.data);
      const imgUrls = [];
      $("img.BDE_Image").each((index, element) => {
        imgUrls.push($(element).attr("src"));
      });
      return imgUrls;
    } else {
      console.log(`请求 ${url} 失败`);
      return [];
    }
  } catch (error) {
    console.log(`请求 ${url} 出错`, error);
    return [];
  }
}

// 下载单张图片
async function downloadImg(imgUrl, index, url, proxy) {
  try {
    const response = await axios({
      method: "get",
      url: imgUrl,
      responseType: "stream",
      proxy: {
        host: proxy.split(":")[0],
        port: proxy.split(":")[1],
      },
      headers: {
        Referer: url,
      },
    });
    if (response.status === 200) {
      const filename = sanitize(path.basename(imgUrl));
      const filePath = path.resolve(__dirname, `./images/${filename}.jpg`);
      response.data.pipe(fs.createWriteStream(filePath));
      console.log(`第 ${index + 1} 张图片下载完成`);
    } else {
      console.log(`第 ${index + 1} 张图片下载失败`);
    }
  } catch (error) {
    console.log(`第 ${index + 1} 张图片下载出错`, error);
  }
}

async function getTitles() {
  const proxyList = await getProxyList();
  for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    await getTitlesByPage(i, proxyList);
  }
}

getTitles();

爬取效果

效果还可以