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1. 文章主要内容
本篇博客主要涉及坐标注意力机制CA结构融合到YOLOv5模型中。（通读本篇博客需要7分钟左右的时间）。
2. 详细代码改进流程
2.1 CA源代码
博主这里使用YOLOv5的C3结构与坐标注意力机制CA结合的新结构C3CA，并提供的main函数的测试代码。其源代码如下：
python
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from models.common import Conv, Bottleneck
class h_sigmoid(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, inplace=True):
super(h_sigmoid, self).__init__()
self.relu = nn.ReLU6(inplace=inplace)
def forward(self, x):
return self.relu(x + 3) / 6
class h_swish(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, inplace=True):
super(h_swish, self).__init__()
self.sigmoid = h_sigmoid(inplace=inplace)
def forward(self, x):
return x * self.sigmoid(x)
class CoordAtt(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, inp, reduction=32):
super(CoordAtt, self).__init__()
self.pool_h = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d((None, 1))
self.pool_w = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d((1, None))
mip = max(8, inp // reduction)
self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(inp, mip, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0)
self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(mip)
self.act = h_swish()
self.conv_h = nn.Conv2d(mip, inp, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0)
self.conv_w = nn.Conv2d(mip, inp, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0)
def forward(self, x):
identity = x
n, c, h, w = x.size()
x_h = self.pool_h(x)
x_w = self.pool_w(x).permute(0, 1, 3, 2)
y = torch.cat([x_h, x_w], dim=2)
y = self.conv1(y)
y = self.bn1(y)
y = self.act(y)
x_h, x_w = torch.split(y, [h, w], dim=2)
x_w = x_w.permute(0, 1, 3, 2)
a_h = self.conv_h(x_h).sigmoid()
a_w = self.conv_w(x_w).sigmoid()
out = identity * a_w * a_h
return out
class C3CA(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, c1, c2, n=1, shortcut=True, g=1,
e=0.5): # ch_in, ch_out, number, shortcut, groups, expansion #iscyy
super(C3CA, self).__init__()
c_ = int(c2 * e) # hidden channels
self.CA = CoordAtt(2 * c_)
self.cv1 = Conv(c1, c_, 1, 1)
self.cv2 = Conv(c1, c_, 1, 1)
self.cv3 = Conv(2 * c_, c2, 1) # act=FReLU(c2)
# self.m = nn.Sequential(*[CB2d(c_) for _ in range(n)])
self.m = nn.Sequential(*[Bottleneck(c_, c_, shortcut, g, e=1.0) for _ in range(n)])
def forward(self, x):
out = torch.cat((self.m(self.cv1(x)), self.cv2(x)), dim=1)
out = self.CA(out) # C3 concat之后加入CA
out = self.cv3(out)
return out
if __name__ == '__main__':
input = torch.randn(512, 512, 7, 7)
pna = C3CA(512, 512)
output = pna(input)
print(output.shape)2.2 建立一个yolov5-C3CA.yaml文件
注意到，这里博主直接使用C3CA代替Backbone部分的四个C3结构,另外注意nc改为自己数据集的类别数。
python
# YOLOv5 🚀 by Ultralytics, GPL-3.0 license
# Parameters
nc: 4 # number of classes
depth_multiple: 0.33 # model depth multiple
width_multiple: 0.50 # layer channel multiple
anchors:
- [10,13, 16,30, 33,23] # P3/8 小目标
- [30,61, 62,45, 59,119] # P4/16 中目标
- [116,90, 156,198, 373,326] # P5/32 大目标
# YOLOv5 v6.0 backbone
backbone:
# [from, number, module, args]
[[-1, 1, Conv, [64, 6, 2, 2]], # 0-P1/2 output_channel, kernel_size, stride, padding
[-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 2]], # 1-P2/4
[-1, 3, C3CA, [128]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]], # 3-P3/8
[-1, 6, C3CA, [256]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]], # 5-P4/16
[-1, 9, C3CA, [512]],
[-1, 1, Conv, [1024, 3, 2]], # 7-P5/32
[-1, 3, C3CA, [1024]],
[-1, 1, SPPF, [1024, 5]], # 9
]
# YOLOv5 v6.0 head
head:
[[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']],
[[-1, 6], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat backbone P4
[-1, 3, C3, [512, False]], # 13
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 1, 1]],
[-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']],
[[-1, 4], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat backbone P3
[-1, 3, C3, [256, False]], # 17 (P3/8-small)
[-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]],
[[-1, 14], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat head P4
[-1, 3, C3, [512, False]], # 20 (P4/16-medium)
[-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]],
[[-1, 10], 1, Concat, [1]], # cat head P5
[-1, 3, C3, [1024, False]], # 23 (P5/32-large)
[[17, 20, 23], 1, Detect, [nc, anchors]], # Detect(P3, P4, P5)
]2.3 将C3CA引入到yolo.py文件中
在下图的位置处，引入相关的类即可。
2.4 修改train.py启动文件
修改配置文件为yolov5-C3CA.yaml即可，如下图所示：
3. 总结
本篇博客主要介绍了CA注意力机制融合到YOLOv5模型，多维度关注数据特征，使得模型高效涨点。另外，在修改过程中，要是有任何问题，评论区交流；如果博客对您有帮助，请帮忙点个赞，收藏一下；后续会持续更新本人实验当中觉得有用的点子，如果很感兴趣的话，可以关注一下，谢谢大家啦！