从无到有制作docker镜像、容器详细步骤

1、编写一个Dockerfile文件，内容如下

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# 基础镜像jdk,jdk里包含里操作系统
FROM openjdk:8u282-jdk

# 工作目录，也就是容器里目录
WORKDIR /home/prq/

# 添加ppp目录下的文件到容器/home/prq/里
ADD ./ppp /home/prq/

# 暴露端口8080
EXPOSE 8080

# 启动脚本
CMD ./startup.sh

2、ppp目录下准备以下文件，用于运行项目（ppp目录和Dockerfile文件在同一层目录下）

a、一个运行jar ，例如 test.jar ,后面修改代码升级时，用到的jar名称需修改成test.jar

b、启动脚本startup.sh

c、日志目录 logs

d、配置文件目录 conf

3、在Dockerfile所在的目录下执行以下命令

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1、 生成test:1.0.1镜像，最后的点不用省略
docker build -t test:1.0.1 .

2、 查看生成的镜像
docker images 

3、 通过test:1.0.1镜像启动容器
docker run -itd   --privileged=true --name test test:1.0.1

4、进容器（可以在进容器里添加一些基本命令，如telnet、ifconfig命令，不然制作的镜像是没有这些基本命令的）
docker exec -it test  /bin/bash

安装一些常用的工具
yum -y install vim
yum -y install net-tools


5、 将镜像test:1.0.1保存为test.tar.gz，默认保存在当前目录
docker save -o test.tar.gz test:1.0.1

6、将test.tar.gz 导入镜像
docker load -i test.tar.gz

7、 通过test:1.0.1镜像启动容器
docker run -itd   --privileged=true --name test test:1.0.1


8、如果知道容器id，也可以通过容器id转镜像（将294oajfhfnci容器保存为镜像abcdef）
docker commit 294oajfhfnci test:1.0.1

4、每次升级时，需要把修改的test.jar 通过docker cp命令传到容器里，比较麻烦，所有有了另一种方式，通过compose文件volumes对宿主机和容器做个映射关系。

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1、把javaDump.hprof从容器id为db0906d6e687，容器路径为/home/ppp/logs中把javaDump.hprof文件拿到宿主机/home/ppp/目录下
docker cp db0906d6e687:/home/ppp/logs/javaDump.hprof /home/ppp/

2、把宿主机/home/ppp/logs/javaDump.hprof复制到容器id为db0906d6e687的/tmp目录下
docker cp /home/ppp/logs/javaDump.hprof  db0906d6e687:/tmp

compose.yml内容

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# yaml 配置
version: '3'
services:
  nacos-server:
    image: nacos/nacos-server:v1.4.3
    container_name: nacos-server
    network_mode: "host"
    environment:
      - PREFER_HOST_MODE=ip
      - MODE=standalone
    volumes:
      - /home/docker/volumes/ppp/_data/nacos_data/logs/:/home/nacos/logs
      - /home/docker/volumes/ppp/_data/nacos_data/conf/application.properties:/home/nacos/conf/application.properties
      - /home/docker/volumes/ppp/_data/nacos_data/data/:/home/nacos/data
    ports:
      - 8848:8848
    restart: always
  portainer:
    image: "portainer/portainer-ce"
    container_name: "portainer"
    ports:
      - "8000:8000"
      - "7000:9000"
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock"
      - "/home/docker/volumes/portainer_data/_data:/data"
      - "/etc/localtime:/etc/localtime"
      - "/etc/timezone:/etc/timezone"
  portainer-agent:
    image: "portainer/agent"
    container_name: "portainer-agent"
    ports:
      - "9001:9001"
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock"
      - "/home/docker/volumes:/var/lib/docker/volumes"
      - "/etc/localtime:/etc/localtime"
      - "/etc/timezone:/etc/timezone"

  redis:
    image: "redis:6.2.1"
    container_name: "redis"
    ports:
      - "6379:6379"
    restart: always
    sysctls:
      - net.core.somaxconn=1024
    volumes:
      - "/home/docker/volumes/ppp/_data/redis_data/conf/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf"
      - "/home/docker/volumes/ppp/_data/redis_data/data:/data"
      - "/etc/localtime:/etc/localtime"
      - "/etc/timezone:/etc/timezone"
    command: redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf
 test:
    image: "test:1.0.1"
    container_name: "test"
    network_mode: "host"
    restart: always
    environment:
      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
      - NACOS_SERVER=10.12.12.12:8848
      - NACOS_NAMESPACE=yreyehhfdsd-ea28-47b9-a3fa-e818gege5
      - ADMIN_SERVER_URL=http://10.12.12.12:8060

    volumes:
      - "/home/docker/volumes/ppp/_data/test/startup.sh:/home/ppp/startup.sh"
      - "/home/docker/volumes/ppp/_data/test/conf:/home/ppp/conf"
      - "/home/docker/volumes/ppp/_data/logs_data:/home/ppp/logs"
      - "/home/docker/volumes/ppp/_data/test/node1/test.jar:/home/ppp/test.jar"
      - "/home/docker/volumes/ppp/_data/wait-for-it.sh:/home/ppp/wait-for-it.sh"
      - "/etc/localtime:/etc/localtime"
      - "/etc/timezone:/etc/timezone"
    logging:
      options:
        max-size: 500m
    privileged: true
    command: /home/ppp/wait-for-it.sh 10.12.12.12:8848 -t 0 --strict  -- /bin/sh -c 'sh startup.sh'

其中wait-for-it.sh（网上可下载这个文件）

#wait-for-it.sh ip:端口检测该ip与端口是否已经能连接，能了就执行后面的命令

#-t 0 超时参数检测该ip与端口是否已经能连接，超过指定时间后无论ip与端口是否已经能连接都执行后续命令

#-t 0 不设置超时参数 ip与端口不能连接就不执行后续命令

#不加 -t 0 或者 -t 超时时间都会在超时时间过了之后执行后续命令不管ip与端口是否已经能连接

#默认超时时间 15秒

./wait-for-it.sh 10.12.12.12:8848 -t 0 -- java -jar /user_ms_docker.jar

10.12.12.12:8848通的话，才执行echo,不通不执行，一直等待

执行脚本insatll.sh

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#!/bin/bash
#引入外部脚本
#source ./sysctl.sh
echo "preparing for system envrionment ..."

image_home="../images"
image_redis="redis-6.2.1.tar.gz"
image_portainer="portainer.tar.gz"
image_portainer_agent="portainer-agent.tar.gz"
image_nacos="nacos-v1.4.3.tar.gz"
image_test="test.tar.gz"

ppp="/home/docker/volumes/ppp/_data"

echo "=============update docker path ... ============"
cp ../conf/common/docker.service /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

echo "Loading docker images ..."
docker load -i ${image_home}/${image_redis}
docker load -i ${image_home}/${image_portainer}
docker load -i ${image_home}/${image_portainer_agent}
docker load -i ${image_home}/${image_test}
docker load -i ${image_home}/${image_nacos}


echo "Creating volumes ..."
docker volume create ppp
docker volume create portainer_data


echo "preparing for envrionment ..."

mkdir -vp ${ppp}/redis_data ${ppp}/portainer_data ${ppp}/nacos_data
mkdir -vp ${ppp}/redis_data/conf  ${ppp}/redis_data/data
mkdir -vp ${ppp}/nacos_data/conf ${ppp}/nacos_data/data ${ppp}/nacos_data/logs
mkdir -vp ${ppp}/zookeeper_data ${ppp}/keepalived_data
mkdir -vp ${ppp}/logs_data
mkdir -vp ${ppp}/lib
mkdir -vp ${test} ${test}/node1 ${test}/node1/logs ${test}/node1/data
cp  ../conf/ioms/startup.sh ${test}/
cp -r ../conf/ioms/custom-config ${test}/
cp ../conf/common/wait-for-it.sh ${ppp}

cp  -r ../lib ${ppp}/lib

cp ../conf/common/redis.conf ${ppp}/redis_data/conf/

cp ../conf/common/application.properties ${ppp}/nacos_data/conf/

echo "copy keepalived config file ..."
cp ../conf/keepalived/keepalived.conf ${ppp}/keepalived_data/

chmod 777 -R ${ppp}
chmod 644 ${ppp}/keepalived_data/keepalived.conf

echo "=============Starting containers...========== "

echo "=============creating all containers ...==================="
docker-compose -f ../compose.yml up -d nacos-server
docker-compose -f ../compose.yml up -d redis
docker-compose -f ../compose.yml up -d portainer
docker-compose -f ../compose.yml up -d portainer-agent
docker-compose -f ../compose.yml up -d test

卸载脚本uninstall.sh

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#! /bin/bash

# 停止容器
docker-compose -f ../compose.yml down

# 删除镜像
docker rmi -f $(docker images -qa)

# 删除数据
docker volume rm test portainer_data

查看完整的容器id和command

docker ps -a --no-trunc