split 命令
$ split --help
Usage: split [OPTION]... [INPUT [PREFIX]]
Output fixed-size pieces of INPUT to PREFIXaa, PREFIXab, ...; default
size is 1000 lines, and default PREFIX is 'x'. With no INPUT, or when INPUT
is -, read standard input.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a, --suffix-length=N generate suffixes of length N (default 2)
--additional-suffix=SUFFIX append an additional SUFFIX to file names
-b, --bytes=SIZE put SIZE bytes per output file
-C, --line-bytes=SIZE put at most SIZE bytes of lines per output file
-d, --numeric-suffixes[=FROM] use numeric suffixes instead of alphabetic;
FROM changes the start value (default 0)
-e, --elide-empty-files do not generate empty output files with '-n'
--filter=COMMAND write to shell COMMAND; file name is $FILE
-l, --lines=NUMBER put NUMBER lines per output file
-n, --number=CHUNKS generate CHUNKS output files; see explanation below
-u, --unbuffered immediately copy input to output with '-n r/...'
--verbose print a diagnostic just before each
output file is opened
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
SIZE is an integer and optional unit (example: 10M is 10*1024*1024). Units
are K, M, G, T, P, E, Z, Y (powers of 1024) or KB, MB, ... (powers of 1000).
CHUNKS may be:
N split into N files based on size of input
K/N output Kth of N to stdout
l/N split into N files without splitting lines
l/K/N output Kth of N to stdout without splitting lines
r/N like 'l' but use round robin distribution
r/K/N likewise but only output Kth of N to stdout
GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
For complete documentation, run: info coreutils 'split invocation'
是不是感觉特别不懂,不着急我们继续分析。
-b:值为每一输出档案的大小,单位为 byte。
-C:每一输出档中,单行的最大 byte 数。
-d:使用数字作为后缀。
-l:值为每一输出档的列数大小。
PREFIX:代表前导符,可作为切割文件的前导文件。
1.使用split命令将100KB的date.file文件分割成大小为10KB的小文件:
split -b 10k date.file
ls
结果:
date.file xaa xab xac xad xae xaf xag xah xai xaj
2.文件被分割成多个带有字母的后缀文件,如果想用数字后缀可使用-d参数,同时可以使用-a length来指定后缀的长度:
split -b 10k date.file -d -a 3
ls
结果:
date.file x000 x001 x002 x003 x004 x005 x006 x007 x008 x009
3.为分割后的文件指定文件名的前缀:
split -b 10k date.file -d -a 3 split_file.
ls
结果:
date.file split_file.000 split_file.001 split_file.002 split_file.003 split_file.004 split_file.005 split_file.006 split_file.007 split_file.008 split_file.009
4.使用-l选项根据文件的行数来分割文件,例如把文件分割成每个包含1000行的小文件:
split -l 1000 date.file
那文件合并呢?
linux命令:
比如 cat 1.wav 2.wav 3.wav > all.wav 就是直接把1.wav 2.wav 3.wav 合并成all.wav
注意1.wav 2.wav 3.wav的顺序 ,all.wav是按照这个顺序合并的。