整型
cpp
//1.短整型 (2字节)
short num1 = 10;
//2.整型 (4字节)
int num2 = 10;
//3.长整型 (4字节)
long num3 = 10;
//4.长长整型 (8字节)
long long num4 = 10;
cout<<"num1="<<num1<<endl;
cout<<"num2="<<num2<<endl;
cout<<"num3="<<num3<<endl;
cout<<"num4="<<num4<<endl;
//利用sizeof关键字可以统计数据类型所占内存大小
cout<<"short类型占空间内存为:"<<sizeof(num1)<<endl;
cout<<"int类型占空间内存为:"<<sizeof(num2)<<endl;
cout<<"long类型占空间内存为:"<<sizeof(num3)<<endl;
cout<<"long long类型占空间内存为:"<<sizeof(num4)<<endl;
浮点型
cpp
//1.单精度float
//2.双精度 double
//float占4字节,double占8字节
//默认情况下,输出一个小数,会显示出六位有效数字
float f1 = 3.1415926f;
double d1 = 3.1415926;
cout<< "f1=" << f1<<endl;
cout<< "d1=" << d1<<endl;
cout<<"float类型占空间内存为:"<<sizeof(f1)<<endl;
cout<<"double类型占空间内存为:"<<sizeof(d1)<<endl;
科学计数法
cpp
//科学计数法
float f2 = 3e2; //3*10^2
float f3 = 3e-2;//3*10^-2
cout<<"f2="<<f2<<endl;
cout<<"f3="<<f3<<endl;
字符型
cpp
//字符型
//a的ASCII值为97,b为98
char ch = 'a';
char ch2= 'b';
cout<<ch<<endl;
cout<<"char字符型变量所占内存:"<<sizeof(char)<<endl;
cout<< (int)ch <<endl;
cout<< (int)ch2 <<endl;
转义字符
cpp
//转义字符
//换行符 \n
//反斜杠 \\
//水平制表符\t
cout<< "aaaaa\thelloworld"<<endl;
cout<< "aaa\thelloworld"<<endl;
cout<< "aaaaaaa\thelloworld"<<endl;
字符串
cpp
//字符串
//1.C风格字符串
//注意事项:char 字符串名[];等号后面要用双引号包含起来字符串
char str[] = "hello world";
cout<< str << endl;
//2.C++风格字符串
string str2 = "hello world";
cout<<str2<<endl;
布尔类型
cpp
//布尔类型,占一字节
bool flag = true;
cout<<flag<<endl;
flag = false;
cout<<flag<<endl;
cout<<"size of bool = "<<sizeof(bool)<<endl;