GateWay Filter详细配置说明
gateway Filter官网:Spring Cloud Gateway
作用：
- 请求鉴权
- 异常处理
- 记录接口调用时长统计
过滤器类别
- 全局默认过滤器：官网：Spring Cloud Gateway，出厂默认已有的，直接用，作用于所有的路由,不推荐。
- 单一内置过滤器：官网：Spring Cloud Gateway，也可以称为网关过滤器，这种过滤器主要是作用于单一路由或者某个路由分组
- 自定义过滤器
过滤器配置详解
常见内置过滤器
增删改请求头响应头
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: pay_routh1 #pay_routh1 #路由的ID(类似mysql主键ID)，没有固定规则但要求唯一，建议配合服务名
#uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
uri: lb://cloud-payment-service #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
predicates:
- Path=/pay/gateway/get/** # 断言，路径相匹配的进行路由
filters:
- AddRequestHeader=X-Request-username,value # 请求头kv，若一头含有多参则重写一行设置
- RemoveRequestHeader=sec-fetch-site # 删除请求头sec-fetch-site
- SetRequestHeader=sec-fetch-mode, Blue-updatebyzzyy # 将请求头sec-fetch-mode对应的值修改为Blue-updatebyzzyy
- AddRequestParameter=customerId,9527001 # 新增请求参数Parameter：k ，v
- RemoveRequestParameter=customerName # 删除url请求参数customerName，你传递过来也是null
- AddResponseHeader=X-Response-hello, BlueResponse # 新增响应参数X-Response-atguigu并设值为BlueResponse
- SetResponseHeader=Date,2099-11-11 # 设置回应头Date值为2099-11-11
- RemoveResponseHeader=Content-Type # 将默认自带Content-Type回应属性删除对微服务路径和前缀进行配置:前缀修改
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: pay_routh1 #pay_routh1 #路由的ID(类似mysql主键ID)，没有固定规则但要求唯一，建议配合服务名
#uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
uri: lb://cloud-payment-service #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
predicates:
#- Path=/pay/gateway/filter/** # 被分拆为: PrefixPath + Path
- Path=/gateway/filter/** # 断言，为配合PrefixPath测试过滤，暂时注释掉/pay
filters:
- PrefixPath=/pay # http://localhost:9527/pay/gateway/filter路径修改
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: pay_routh1 #pay_routh1 #路由的ID(类似mysql主键ID)，没有固定规则但要求唯一，建议配合服务名
#uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
uri: lb://cloud-payment-service #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
predicates:
#- Path=/pay/gateway/filter/** # 被分拆为: PrefixPath + Path
- Path=/XYZ/abc/{segment} # 断言，为配合SetPath测试，{segment}的内容最后被SetPath取代
filters:
- SetPath=/pay/gateway/{segment} # {segment}表示占位符，你写abc也行但要上下一致重定向
spring:
cloud:
gateway:
routes:
- id: pay_routh1 #pay_routh1 #路由的ID(类似mysql主键ID)，没有固定规则但要求唯一，建议配合服务名
#uri: http://localhost:8001 #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
uri: lb://cloud-payment-service #匹配后提供服务的路由地址
predicates:
- Path=/gateway/filter/** # 断言，为配合PrefixPath测试过滤，暂时注释掉/pay
filters:
- RedirectTo=302, http://www.baidu.com/ # 访问自定义过滤器：自定义全局过滤器获取接口耗时(不用配置，默认全局生效)
java
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
/**
* @author sun
* @date 2024/4/1
*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class CustomGlobalFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
public static final String START_VISIT_TIME = "startVisitTime";
@Override
public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
exchange.getAttributes().put(START_VISIT_TIME, System.currentTimeMillis());
return chain.filter(exchange).then(Mono.fromRunnable(() -> {
Long startVisitTime = exchange.getAttribute(START_VISIT_TIME);
if (startVisitTime != null) {
long endVisitTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
log.info("=================================================");
log.info("访问接口主机: {}", exchange.getRequest().getURI().getHost());
log.info("访问接口端口: {}", exchange.getRequest().getURI().getPort());
log.info("访问接口URL: {}", exchange.getRequest().getURI().getPath());
log.info("访问接口参数: {}", exchange.getRequest().getURI().getRawQuery());
log.info("访问接口耗时: {}ms", (endVisitTime - startVisitTime));
log.info("=================================================");
}
}));
}
// 数字越小优先级越高
@Override
public int getOrder() {
return -1;
}
}自定义过滤器：自定义单一过滤器(需要在配置文件设置)
java
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilter;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.factory.AbstractGatewayFilterFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author sun
* @date 2024/4/1
*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class CustomSingleGatewayFilterFactory extends AbstractGatewayFilterFactory<CustomSingleGatewayFilterFactory.Config> {
public CustomSingleGatewayFilterFactory() {
super(CustomSingleGatewayFilterFactory.Config.class);
}
@Override
public GatewayFilter apply(CustomSingleGatewayFilterFactory.Config config) {
return (exchange, chain) -> {
log.info("进入单一的过滤器 status: {}", config.getStatus());
ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
if (request.getQueryParams().containsKey(config.getStatus())) {
return chain.filter(exchange);
}
exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
return exchange.getResponse().setComplete();
};
}
@Override
public List<String> shortcutFieldOrder() {
return List.of("status");
}
@Getter
@Setter
public static class Config {
private String status; // 设置一个标志位, 匹配上才能访问
}
}配置：