Ansible一键部署zabbix+grafana+agent

生夏夏夏2024-04-30 18:16

目录

IP地址规划

名字 地址 主要安装软件
ansible-server 192.168.40.137 zabbix-server、ansible、zabbix-mysql
zabbix-agent1 192.168.40.138 zabbix-agent
zabbix-agent2 192.168.40.139 zabbix-agent
zabbix-grafana 192.168.40.140 grafana

ansible安装

服务端建立免密连接

bash 复制代码 
# 生成密钥对
[root@ansible-server ~]# ssh-keygen 
# 分发公钥，建立免密通道
[root@ansible-server ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.40.138
[root@ansible-server ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.40.139
[root@ansible-server ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.40.140

分开部署

安装zabbix-mysql

在管理节点上（server端）安装epel源，ansible

bash 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server ~]# yum install epel-release -y
[root@ansible-server ~]# yum install ansible -y

查看版本

bash 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server ~]# ansible --version
ansible 2.9.27
  config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
  configured module search path = [u'/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', u'/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
  ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ansible
  executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
  python version = 2.7.5 (default, Oct 14 2020, 14:45:30) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)]

创建角色

shell 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server roles]# ansible-galaxy init zabbix-server
- Role zabbix-server was created successfully
[root@ansible-server roles]# ansible-galaxy init zabbix-mysql
- Role zabbix-mysql was created successfully
[root@ansible-server roles]# ansible-galaxy init zabbix-agent
- Role zabbix-agent was created successfully
[root@ansible-server roles]# ansible-galaxy init zabbix-grafana
- Role zabbix-grafana was created successfully

配置数据库

安装数据库软件包

shell 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server files]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

安装zabbix-mysql数据库

yaml 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server tasks]# cat main.yml 
---
# tasks file for zabbix-mysql
- name: install mysql 5.7 and config for zabbix
  hosts: localhost
  tasks:
    - name: copy mysql repo rpm 
      copy:
        src: mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
        dest: /root/
    - name: install repo
      command: rpm -ivh /root/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
      ignore_errors: yes
    - name: install yum-utils
      yum:
        name: yum-utils
        state: present
    - name: install mysql 5.7
      command: yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-community
    - name: check repo
      lineinfile:
        path: /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
        regexp: '^gpgcheck=1'
        line: 'gpgcheck=0'
    - name: install mysql
      yum:
        name: mysql,mysql-server
        state: present
    - name: start mysql 
      service:
        name: mysqld
        state: started
        enabled: yes
    - name: get mysql temp password
      shell: cat /var/log/mysqld.log| grep 'temporary password'|awk '{print $NF}'  
      # 使用register保存结果
      register: temp_password
      changed_when: false
    - name: set old password
      mysql_user:
        name: root
        host: localhost
        password: "{{ temp_password.stdout }}"
      ignore_errors: yes
    - name: set new password
      shell: mysql -uroot -p123456
    - name: create zabbix user
      shell: mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "alter user 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified by 'Zabbix@123';" 
    - name: create zabbix database
      shell: mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;"
      ignore_errors: yes
    - name: grant mysql user privileges
      shell: mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost;"

安装zabbix-server

安装zabbix-server存储库

shell 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server zabbix-server]# cd files/
[root@ansible-server files]# wget https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm

设置zabbix.repo

shell 复制代码 
[zabbix]
name=zabbix
baseurl=https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

坑 需要设置zabbix-frontend源，否则后面执行找不到前端软件包

shell 复制代码 
[zabbix-frontend]
name=Zabbix Official Repository frontend - $basearch
baseurl=http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/$basearch/frontend
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

安装zabbix-server

yaml 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server tasks]# ls
files  zabbix-server.yml
[root@ansible-server tasks]# cat main.yml 
---
# tasks file for zabbix-server
- name: install zabbix 5.0
  hosts: localhost
  tasks:
    - name: copy zabbix.repo                
      copy:
        src: zabbix.repo                 
        dest: /etc/yum.repos.d/
    - name: install zabbix service
      yum:
        name: zabbix-server-mysql,zabbix-agent,centos-release-scl,yum-utils
        state: present
    - name: update zabbix-frontend
      shell: yum-config-manager --enable zabbix-frontend       
    - name: install web service
      yum:
        name: zabbix-web-mysql-scl,zabbix-nginx-conf-scl
        state: present
    - name: install rpm
      yum:
        name: mysql
        state: present
    - name: inputdata
      shell: "zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql*/create.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -pZabbix@123 zabbix" 
      ignore_errors: yes
    - name: edit zabbix host
      lineinfile:
        dest: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
        regexp: '# DBHost=localhost'
        line: 'DBHost=localhost'
    - name: edit zabbix password
      lineinfile:
        dest: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
        regexp: '# DBPassword='
        line: 'DBPassword=Zabbix@123'
    - name: edit nginx zabbix
      lineinfile:         
        dest: /etc/opt/rh/rh-nginx116/nginx/conf.d/zabbix.conf
        regexp: '#        listen          80;'
        line: '        listen          80;'
    - name: edit php zabbix
      lineinfile:                  
        dest: /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php-fpm.d/zabbix.conf
        regexp: 'listen.acl_users'
        line: 'listen.acl_users=apache,nginx'
    - name: edit php timezone
      lineinfile:         
        dest: /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php-fpm.d/zabbix.conf
        regexp: '; php_value[date.timezone]'
        line: 'php_value[date.timezone]=Asia/Shanghai'
    - name: start service
      shell: systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent rh-php72-php-fpm rh-nginx116-nginx




安装zabbix-agent

在agent主机上配置域名解析

bash 复制代码 
[root@zabbix-agent1 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.40.139 zabbix-agent1
bash 复制代码 
[root@zabbix-agent2 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.40.139 zabbix-agent2
yaml 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server tasks]# cat main.yaml 
---
# tasks file for zabbix-agent
- name: install zabbix agent
  hosts: zabbix-agent
  tasks: 
    - name: cp zabbix.repo
      copy:
        src: zabbix.repo
        dest: /etc/yum.repos.d/
    - name: install agent
      yum:
        name: zabbix-agent
        state: present
    - name: edit zabbix_agented.conf
      lineinfile:         
        dest: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
        regexp: "{{ item.regexp }}"
        line: "{{ item.line }}"
      loop:
        - { regexp: "Server=127.0.0.1", line: "Server=192.168.40.137" }
        - { regexp: "ServerActive=127.0.0.1", line: "ServerActive=192.168.40.137" }
    - name: edit zabbix_agent.conf hostname
      lineinfile:
        dest: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
        regexp: "^Hostname=.*"
        line: "Hostname={{ ansible_hostname }}" # 使用系统变量获取主机
    - name: start agent service
      shell: systemctl restart zabbix-agent



安装zabbix-grafana

下载grafana

shell 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server files]# wget https://dl.grafana.com/enterprise/release/grafana-enterprise-9.5.1-1.x86_64.rpm

下载zabbix插件

bash 复制代码 
https://grafana.com/grafana/plugins/alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app/?tab=installation
yaml 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server tasks]# cat main.yml 
---
# tasks file for zabbix-grafana
- name: install zabbix grafana
  hosts: zabbix-grafana
  tasks: 
    - name: copy file
      copy:
        src: /etc/ansible/roles/zabbix-grafana/files/grafana/
        dest: /root 
    - name: install grafana
      yum:
        name: /root/grafana-enterprise-9.4.7-1.x86_64.rpm
        state: present
    - name: install zabbix plugin
      copy:
        src: /etc/ansible/roles/zabbix-grafana/files/alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app
        dest: /var/lib/grafana/plugins/
    - name: start grafana-server service
      shell: systemctl restart grafana-server

用户名和密码都是admin



出现插件不可用


修改/etc/grafana/grafana.ini

bash 复制代码 
allow_loading_unsigned_plugins = alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app

设置插件权限

bash 复制代码 
chmod 777 /var/lib/grafana/plugins/alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app/gpx_zabbix-plugin_linux_amd64

填写zabbix的用户名和密码后，数据源连接成功(用户名Admin 密码zabbix)


在Zabbix - Full Server Status | Grafana Labs找到id为5363的zabbix监控模板

导入数据源

一键部署

调用role，一键部署zabbix+agent+grafana（ansible的roles中task的playbook是不需要写tasks的）

zabbix-mysql

yaml 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server ansible]# cat /etc/ansible/roles/zabbix-mysql/tasks/main.yml 
---
# tasks file for zabbix-mysql
- name: copy mysql repo rpm 
  copy:
    src: mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
    dest: /root/
- name: install repo
  command: rpm -ivh /root/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
  ignore_errors: yes
- name: install yum-utils
  yum:
    name: yum-utils
    state: present
- name: install mysql 5.7
  command: yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-community
- name: check repo
  lineinfile:
    path: /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
    regexp: '^gpgcheck=1'
    line: 'gpgcheck=0'
- name: install mysql
  yum:
    name: mysql,mysql-server
    state: present
- name: start mysql 
  service:
    name: mysqld
    state: started
    enabled: yes
- name: get mysql temp password
  shell: cat /var/log/mysqld.log| grep 'temporary password'|awk '{print $NF}'  
  # 使用register保存结果
  register: temp_password
  changed_when: false
- name: set old password
  mysql_user:
    name: root
    host: localhost
    password: "{{ temp_password.stdout }}"
  ignore_errors: yes
- name: set new password
  shell: mysql -uroot -p123456
- name: create zabbix user
  shell: mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "alter user 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified by 'Zabbix@123';" 
- name: create zabbix database
  shell: mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;"
  ignore_errors: yes
- name: grant mysql user privileges
  shell: mysql -uroot -p123456 -e "grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost;"

zabbix-server

yaml 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server ansible]# cat /etc/ansible/roles/zabbix-server/tasks/main.yml 
---
# tasks file for zabbix-server
- name: copy zabbix.repo                
  copy:
    src: zabbix.repo                 
    dest: /etc/yum.repos.d/
- name: install zabbix service
  yum:
    name: zabbix-server-mysql,zabbix-agent,centos-release-scl,yum-utils
    state: present
- name: update zabbix-frontend
  shell: yum-config-manager --enable zabbix-frontend       
- name: install web service
  yum:
    name: zabbix-web-mysql-scl,zabbix-nginx-conf-scl
    state: present
- name: install rpm
  yum:
    name: mysql
    state: present
- name: inputdata
  shell: "zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql*/create.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -pZabbix@123 zabbix" 
  ignore_errors: yes
- name: edit zabbix host
  lineinfile:
    dest: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
    regexp: '# DBHost=localhost'
    line: 'DBHost=localhost'
- name: edit zabbix password
  lineinfile:
    dest: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
    regexp: '# DBPassword='
    line: 'DBPassword=Zabbix@123'
- name: edit nginx zabbix
  lineinfile:         
    dest: /etc/opt/rh/rh-nginx116/nginx/conf.d/zabbix.conf
    regexp: '#        listen          80;'
    line: '        listen          80;'
- name: edit php zabbix
  lineinfile:                  
    dest: /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php-fpm.d/zabbix.conf
    regexp: 'listen.acl_users'
    line: 'listen.acl_users=apache,nginx'
- name: edit php timezone
  lineinfile:         
    dest: /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php-fpm.d/zabbix.conf
    regexp: '; php_value[date.timezone]'
    line: 'php_value[date.timezone]=Asia/Shanghai'
- name: start service
  shell: systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent rh-php72-php-fpm rh-nginx116-nginx

zabbix-agent

yaml 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server ansible]# cat /etc/ansible/roles/zabbix-agent/tasks/main.yml 
---
# tasks file for zabbix-agent
- name: cp zabbix.repo
  copy:
    src: zabbix.repo
    dest: /etc/yum.repos.d/
- name: install agent
  yum:
    name: zabbix-agent
    state: present
- name: edit zabbix_agented.conf
  lineinfile:         
    dest: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
    regexp: "{{ item.regexp }}"
    line: "{{ item.line }}"
  loop:
    - { regexp: "Server=127.0.0.1", line: "Server=192.168.40.137" }
    - { regexp: "ServerActive=127.0.0.1", line: "ServerActive=192.168.40.137" }
- name: edit zabbix_agent.conf hostname
  lineinfile:
    dest: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
    regexp: "^Hostname=.*"
    line: "Hostname={{ ansible_hostname }}" # 使用系统变量获取主机
- name: start agent service
  shell: systemctl restart zabbix-agent

zabbix-grafana

yaml 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server ansible]# cat /etc/ansible/roles/zabbix-grafana/tasks/main.yml 
---
# tasks file for zabbix-grafana
- name: copy file
  copy:
    src: /etc/ansible/roles/zabbix-grafana/files/grafana/
    dest: /root 
- name: install grafana
  yum:
    name: /root/grafana-enterprise-9.4.7-1.x86_64.rpm
    state: present
- name: install zabbix plugin
  copy:
    src: /etc/ansible/roles/zabbix-grafana/files/alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app
    dest: /var/lib/grafana/plugins/
- name: start grafana-server service
  shell: systemctl restart grafana-server

主playbook，通过执行主playbook实现一键部署

yaml 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server ansible]# cat zabbix-auto.yml 
---
- hosts: localhost
  remote_user: root
  roles:
    - role: zabbix-mysql
    - role: zabbix-server
- hosts: zabbix-agent
  remote_user: root
  roles:
    - role: zabbix-agent
- hosts: zabbix-grafana
  remote_user: root
  roles:
    - role: zabbix-grafana

zabbix的自动发现功能,监控特定域名的http延迟,其中特定域名以一行一个格式存储在

自动发现

以安装nginx为例

shell 复制代码 
C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc
修改windows的hosts文件，配置域名解析
192.168.40.145 shengxia.discovery.com
修改linux的hosts文件，配置域名解析
[root@discovery yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.40.145 shengxia.discovery.com

自动发现机器安装zabbix-agent和zabbix-sender

shell 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server ~]# scp /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo root@192.168.40.145:/etc/yum.repos.d/
shell 复制代码 
[root@discovery yum.repos.d]# yum install -y zabbix-agent zabbix-sender

修改配置文件

shell 复制代码 
[root@discovery yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf 
Server=192.168.40.137
ServerActive=192.168.40.137
Hostname=discovery
[root@discovery yum.repos.d]# service zabbix-agent restart

需要创建一个自动发现规则，然后创建一个动作，当发现新的设备时，会根据我们的配置进行响应。

自动发现设备

创建动作

在 Zabbix 中，转到"配置" -> "动作" -> "创建动作"。
在"常规"选项卡中，填写动作名称，并选择"自动发现"作为触发条件。


在"操作"选项卡中，添加一个"发送消息"操作，这样当发现新设备时，就会发送消息。

可以在zabbix-server服务器上修改hosts文件，配置域名解析

bash 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server ~]# vim /etc/hosts
192.168.40.145 discovery

创建模板

先修改图形字体乱码

上传windows字体文件，在 C:\Windows\Fonts 找到字体文件，上传 到 /usr/share/zabbix/assets/fonts

shell 复制代码 
[root@ansible-server ~]# mv simkai.ttf /usr/share/zabbix/assets/fonts/
[root@ansible-server ~]# cd /usr/share/zabbix/assets/fonts/
[root@ansible-server fonts]# ls
graphfont.ttf  simkai.ttf
[root@ansible-server fonts]# mv graphfont.ttf graphfont.ttf.bak
[root@ansible-server fonts]# mv simkai.ttf graphfont.ttf

在zabbix-agent配置文件中自定义监控项

shell 复制代码 
UserParameter=domain.delay.shengxia,/http_delay/http_delay.sh|grep shengxia|awk '{print $2}'
UserParameter=domain.delay.example1,/http_delay/http_delay.sh|grep example1|awk '{print $2}'
UserParameter=domain.delay.example2,/http_delay/http_delay.sh|grep example2|awk '{print $2}'

脚本文件如下

shell 复制代码 
[root@discovery ~]# ll /http_delay/
总用量 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  49 4月  25 15:13 domain.txt
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 260 4月  25 15:14 http_delay.sh
[root@discovery ~]# cat domain.txt 
shengxia.discovery.com
example1.com
example2.com
[root@discovery ~]# cat http_delay.sh 
#!/bin/bash
# 读取域名列表
domains=$(cat /root/domain.txt)
# 遍历域名
for dm in $domains;do
        delay_time=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{time_total}" $dm)
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                echo "${dm} $delay_time"
        else
                echo "${dm} 0"
        fi
done

创建监控项

创建图形

修改自动发现动作，与自定义模板关联

查看图形

创建一个"触发器"，当延迟超过某个阈值时触发。

({discovery:domain.delay.example1.last()}>0.003) or ({discovery:domain.delay.example2.last()}=0.003) or ({discovery:domain.delay.shengxia.last()}>0.003)
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