4. docker镜像、Dockerfile

docker镜像、Dockerfile

一、docker镜像
- 1、镜像介绍
- 2、镜像核心技术
二、Dockerfile定制镜像
- 1、Dockerfile使用流程
- - [1.1 编写Dockerfile](#1.1 编写Dockerfile)
  - 1.2、构建镜像
  - [1.3 创建容器测试镜像定制操作](#1.3 创建容器测试镜像定制操作)
- 2、Dockerfile常用指令
三、部署springcloud微服务架构的商品秒杀项目
- 1、部署项目需要的基础服务
- - [1.1 部署redis缓存](#1.1 部署redis缓存)
  - [1.2 部署MySQL数据库](#1.2 部署MySQL数据库)
  - [1.3 部署rabbitmq消息队列](#1.3 部署rabbitmq消息队列)
- 2、部署微服务框架
- - [2.1 部署erueka 注册中心](#2.1 部署erueka 注册中心)
  - [2.2 部署config-server 配置中心](#2.2 部署config-server 配置中心)
  - [2.3 部署zuul-server 网关](#2.3 部署zuul-server 网关)
- 3、部署业务
- - [3.1 部署会员服务](#3.1 部署会员服务)
  - [3.2 部署商品展示业务](#3.2 部署商品展示业务)
  - [3.3 部署秒杀业务](#3.3 部署秒杀业务)
  - [3.4 部署web前端](#3.4 部署web前端)
  - [3.4 部署websocket，实现http长连接](#3.4 部署websocket，实现http长连接)

一、docker镜像

1、镜像介绍

分层的文件系统

优势：节省空间、速度快、重用
只读

创建容器时，会在镜像上面添加一个可写层

2、镜像核心技术

COW copy on write 写时复制
Union fs 联合文件系统
overlay2
device mapper

bash 复制代码

[root@martin-host ~]# docker info  
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:    26.1.4
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc.)
    Version:  v0.14.1
    Path:     /usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins/docker-buildx
  compose: Docker Compose (Docker Inc.)
    Version:  v2.27.1
    Path:     /usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins/docker-compose

Server:
 Containers: 1
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 1
 Images: 4
 Server Version: 26.1.4
 Storage Driver: overlay2

二、Dockerfile定制镜像

1、Dockerfile使用流程

1.1 编写Dockerfile

bash 复制代码

[root@martin-host testDockerfile]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo  Dockerfile
[root@martin-host testDockerfile]# cat Dockerfile 
FROM centos:7

COPY  CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

RUN yum install -y net-tools

1.2、构建镜像

bash 复制代码

[root@martin-host testDockerfile]# docker build -t centos:v1 ./

1.3 创建容器测试镜像定制操作

bash 复制代码

[root@martin-host testDockerfile]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
centos       v1        3e88e2fdb6df   56 seconds ago   461MB
redis        latest    7614ae9453d1   2 years ago      113MB
centos       7         eeb6ee3f44bd   2 years ago      204MB
nginx        1.18      c2c45d506085   3 years ago      133MB

[root@martin-host testDockerfile]# docker run -tid --name=test1 centos:v1 
949b757d2b35b4d115a88f69cc8f1d704b6e6fcd34a64d4ecbfc28422e7530aa

[root@martin-host testDockerfile]# docker exec -ti test1 bash
[root@949b757d2b35 /]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1472
        inet 10.88.7.2  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.88.7.255
        ether 02:42:0a:58:07:02  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 8  bytes 656 (656.0 B)

2、Dockerfile常用指令

FROM
指定基础镜像；
镜像不存在，构建镜像时自动下载镜像
建议尽量选择小容量的镜像 / debian/ ubuntu

bash 复制代码

FROM 镜像名称

RUN
指定定制命令

bash 复制代码

RUN 命令 && 命令 && 命令

CMD
定义容器创建时，自动执行的命令
注意事项:
1、前台启动服务的指令
2、创建容器时，不要自己指定命令，会覆盖CMD
3、一个Dockerfile中只能有一条CMD指令

bash 复制代码

CMD httpd -D FOREGROUND
CMD ["httpd", "-D", "FOREGROUND"]	// 推荐

ENTRYPOINT
定义容器创建时，自动执行的命令
不会被覆盖

bash 复制代码

ENTRYPOINT ["httpd", "-D", "FOREGROUND"]

COPY
复制文件
注意：只能复制本地文件

bash 复制代码

COPY 源文件 目的文件

ADD
复制文件
注意：
1、支持本地文件、URL、压缩包会自动解压

bash 复制代码

ADD 源文件 目的文件

bash 复制代码

ADD file01 /tmp/file01
ADD http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.27.0.tar.gz /tmp
ADD jdk-8u91-linux-x64.tar.gz /tmp

EXPOSE
说明容器服务端口
注意：
1、-P随机发布端口时，Dockerfile中必须有EXPOSE指令

bash 复制代码

EXPOSE 端口 端口

VOLUME
定义持久化存储的目录
创建容器时不使用-v明确指定目录，会自动生成匿名卷

bash 复制代码

VOLUME 目录

ENV
定义环境变量

bash 复制代码

ENV 变量名称 值

bash 复制代码

WORKDIR 目录

USER
指定容器运行的用户

bash 复制代码

USER 用户名

三、部署springcloud微服务架构的商品秒杀项目

1、部署项目需要的基础服务

1.1 部署redis缓存

bash 复制代码

[root@martin-host web]# docker run -tid --name=redis --hostname=redis --restart=always --net=host redis:3.2.10 
33ff624e19c309793fdfa23dbd5c0a88490637cd5e0090bfee7dc98c63721732

[root@martin-host web]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
33ff624e19c3   redis:3.2.10   "docker-entrypoint.s..."   5 seconds ago   Up 4 seconds             redis

[root@martin-host web]# netstat -tunlp | grep 6379
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6379            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2570/redis-server * 
tcp6       0      0 :::6379                 :::*                    LISTEN      2570/redis-server *

1.2 部署MySQL数据库

bash 复制代码

[root@martin-host web]# docker run -tid --name=web_db --hostname=web_db --restart=always --net=host -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=admin mysql:5.7
4ba7f19a4e15ef11facd18e329796dc391c0d0ce1a144fe7f67380fad65ab043
[root@martin-host web]# 
[root@martin-host web]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS     NAMES
4ba7f19a4e15   mysql:5.7      "docker-entrypoint.s..."   4 seconds ago        Up 3 seconds                  web_db
33ff624e19c3   redis:3.2.10   "docker-entrypoint.s..."   About a minute ago   Up About a minute             redis

[root@martin-host web]# docker cp shop_goods.sql web_db:/
Successfully copied 3.58kB to web_db:/
[root@martin-host web]# docker cp shop_member.sql web_db:/
Successfully copied 3.58kB to web_db:/
[root@martin-host web]# docker cp shop_seckill.sql web_db:/
Successfully copied 7.68kB to web_db:/
[root@martin-host web]# 
[root@martin-host web]# docker exec -ti web_db bash
root@web_db:/# 
root@web_db:/# mysql -uroot -padmin < /shop_goods.sql 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
root@web_db:/# mysql -uroot -padmin < /shop_member.sql 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
root@web_db:/# mysql -uroot -padmin < /shop_seckill.sql 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
root@web_db:/# 
root@web_db:/# mysql -uroot -padmin
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.35 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| shop_goods         |
| shop_member        |
| shop_seckill       |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'admin';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
root@web_db:/# exit
exit

1.3 部署rabbitmq消息队列

bash 复制代码

[root@martin-host web]# docker run -tid --name=rabbitmq --hostname=rabbitmq --net=host rabbitmq:3-management 
d9e860cf2773cbf4c6462483fb5dabea600b00295f44f55d088f5797de0c8efa
[root@martin-host web]# 
[root@martin-host web]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                   COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
d9e860cf2773   rabbitmq:3-management   "docker-entrypoint.s..."   3 seconds ago   Up 2 seconds             rabbitmq
4ba7f19a4e15   mysql:5.7               "docker-entrypoint.s..."   4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes             web_db
33ff624e19c3   redis:3.2.10            "docker-entrypoint.s..."   6 minutes ago   Up 6 minutes             redis

[root@martin-host ~]# docker exec -ti rabbitmq bash

root@rabbitmq:/# rabbitmqctl add_user liushao admin
Adding user "liushao" ...
Done. Don't forget to grant the user permissions to some virtual hosts! See 'rabbitmqctl help set_permissions' to learn more.

root@rabbitmq:/# rabbitmqctl set_permissions liushao ".*" ".*" ".*"
Setting permissions for user "liushao" in vhost "/" ...
root@rabbitmq:/#

2、部署微服务框架

2.1 部署erueka 注册中心

负责注册所有服务的通信地址

bash 复制代码

[root@martin-host web]# cat eurekaDockerfile 
FROM adoptopenjdk/openjdk8:latest

COPY eureka-server-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar /eureka-server.jar

CMD ["java", "-jar", "/eureka-server.jar"]
[root@martin-host web]# 
[root@martin-host web]# docker build -t eureka-server:1.0 -f eurekaDockerfile ./ 

root@martin-host web]# docker run -tid --name=eureka-server --hostname=eureka-server --restart=always --net=host eureka-server:1.0 
c682585f005c0be0ffae1dba1232410f92045c0763de5393d1efaedd79a0bdb3

[root@martin-host web]# docker logs eureka-server 
2024-07-19 02:40:53.881  INFO 1 --- [           main] .s.c.n.e.s.EurekaAutoServiceRegistration : Updating port to 8761

2.2 部署config-server 配置中心

负责集中管理所有业务组件的配置文件、从远程的git服务器拉取配置文件

bash 复制代码

[root@martin-host web]# cat configDockerfile
FROM adoptopenjdk/openjdk8:latest

COPY config-server-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar /config-server.jar

CMD ["java", "-jar", "/config-server.jar"]
[root@martin-host web]# 
[root@martin-host web]# docker build -t config-server:1.0 -f configDockerfile ./

[root@martin-host web]# docker run -tid --name=config-server --hostname=config-server --net=host --restart=always config-server:1.0 

[root@martin-host web]# docker logs config-server 
2024-07-19 02:49:37.965  INFO 1 --- [           main] .s.c.n.e.s.EurekaAutoServiceRegistration : Updating port to 9100

2.3 部署zuul-server 网关

负责集中接收处理请求、反向代理、负载均衡

bash 复制代码

[root@martin-host web]# cat zuulDockerfile
FROM adoptopenjdk/openjdk8:latest

COPY zuul-server-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar /zuul-server.jar

CMD ["java", "-jar", "/zuul-server.jar"]
[root@martin-host web]# 
[root@martin-host web]# docker build -t zuul-server:1.0 -f zuulDockerfile ./

[root@martin-host web]# docker run -tid --name=zuul-server --hostname=zuul-server --net=host --restart=always zuul-server:1.0 

[root@martin-host web]# docker logs zuul-server 
2024-07-19 02:56:57.602  INFO 1 --- [           main] .s.c.n.e.s.EurekaAutoServiceRegistration : Updating port to 9000

3、部署业务

3.1 部署会员服务

bash 复制代码

[root@martin-host web]# cat memberDockerfile
FROM adoptopenjdk/openjdk8:latest

COPY member-server-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar /member-server.jar 

CMD ["java", "-jar", "/member-server.jar"]

[root@martin-host web]# docker build -t member-server:1.0 -f memberDockerfile ./

[root@martin-host web]# docker run -tid --name=member-server --hostname=localhost --net=host --restart=always member-server:1.0 

2024-07-19 03:26:42.696  INFO 1 --- [           main] .s.c.n.e.s.EurekaAutoServiceRegistration : Updating port to 8083

3.2 部署商品展示业务

bash 复制代码

[root@martin-host web]# cat goodDockerfile
FROM adoptopenjdk/openjdk8:latest

COPY good-server-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar /good-server.jar

CMD ["java", "-jar", "/good-server.jar"]
[root@martin-host web]# 
[root@martin-host web]# docker build -t good-server:1.0 -f goodDockerfile ./

[root@martin-host web]# docker run -tid --name=good-server --hostname=localhost --net=host --restart=always good-server:1.0 

2024-07-19 03:29:49.555  INFO 1 --- [           main] .s.c.n.e.s.EurekaAutoServiceRegistration : Updating port to 8084

3.3 部署秒杀业务

bash 复制代码

[root@martin-host web]# cat seckillDockerfile
FROM adoptopenjdk/openjdk8:latest

COPY seckill-server-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar /seckill-server.jar

CMD ["java", "-jar", "/seckill-server.jar"]
[root@martin-host web]# 
[root@martin-host web]# docker build -t seckill-server:1.0 -f seckillDockerfile ./

[root@martin-host web]# docker run -tid --name=seckill-server --hostname=localhost --net=host --restart=always seckill-server:1.0 

2024-07-19 03:32:56.665  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.a.r.c.CachingConnectionFactory       : Created new connection: rabbitConnectionFactory#1c6804cd:0/SimpleConnection@4fdfa676 [delegate=amqp://guest@192.168.183.10:5672/, localPort= 34446]
2024-07-19 03:32:56.851  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8085 (http) with context path ''
2024-07-19 03:32:56.853  INFO 1 --- [           main] .s.c.n.e.s.EurekaAutoServiceRegistration : Updating port to 8085

3.4 部署web前端

bash 复制代码

[root@martin-host web]# cat frontendDockerfile
FROM adoptopenjdk/openjdk8:latest

COPY frontend-server-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar /frontend-server.jar

CMD ["java", "-jar", "/frontend-server.jar"]
[root@martin-host web]# 
[root@martin-host web]# docker build -t frontend-server:1.0 -f frontendDockerfile ./

[root@martin-host web]# docker run -tid --name=frontend-server --hostname=localhost --net=host --restart=always frontend-server:1.0 

2024-07-19 03:36:03.029  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''

3.4 部署websocket，实现http长连接

bash 复制代码

[root@martin-host web]# cat websocketDockerfile
FROM adoptopenjdk/openjdk8:latest

COPY websocket-server-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar /websocket-server.jar

CMD ["java", "-jar", "/websocket-server.jar"]
[root@martin-host web]# 
[root@martin-host web]# docker build -t websocket-server:1.0 -f websocketDockerfile ./
[+] Building 0.5s (7/7) FINISHED                                                                                       docker:default
 => [internal] load build definition from websocketDockerfile                                                                    0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 193B                                                                                             0.0s
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/adoptopenjdk/openjdk8:latest                                                          0.0s
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                                0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                                                                  0.0s
 => [internal] load build context                                                                                                0.2s
 => => transferring context: 21.84MB                                                                                             0.2s
 => CACHED [1/2] FROM docker.io/adoptopenjdk/openjdk8:latest                                                                     0.0s
 => [2/2] COPY websocket-server-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar /websocket-server.jar                                                         0.2s
 => exporting to image                                                                                                           0.1s
 => => exporting layers                                                                                                          0.1s
 => => writing image sha256:7d681a377f627c30765b92088008d4ac265f182be9ee93efa118400e5667482c                                     0.0s
 => => naming to docker.io/library/websocket-server:1.0                                                                          0.0s
[root@martin-host web]# 
[root@martin-host web]# docker run -tid --name=websocket-server --hostname=localhost --net=host --restart=always websocket-server:1.0  
9fb88729fe38c44841a2691562deb47b428013150fcdc5974d8c06f43630e679

2024-07-19 03:39:14.976  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8088 (http) with context path ''

4. docker镜像、Dockerfile

docker镜像、Dockerfile

一、docker镜像

1、镜像介绍

2、镜像核心技术

二、Dockerfile定制镜像

1、Dockerfile使用流程

1.1 编写Dockerfile

1.2、构建镜像

1.3 创建容器测试镜像定制操作

2、Dockerfile常用指令

三、部署springcloud微服务架构的商品秒杀项目

1、部署项目需要的基础服务

1.1 部署redis缓存

1.2 部署MySQL数据库

1.3 部署rabbitmq消息队列

2、部署微服务框架

2.1 部署erueka 注册中心

2.2 部署config-server 配置中心

2.3 部署zuul-server 网关

3、部署业务

3.1 部署会员服务

3.2 部署商品展示业务

3.3 部署秒杀业务

3.4 部署web前端

3.4 部署websocket， 实现http长连接

3.4 部署websocket，实现http长连接