前言
在安装gem5时,花了很长时间,主要是遇到一些奇奇怪怪的错误。在此记录一下。
参考资料
[1] https://www.gem5.org/documentation/learning_gem5/part1/building/
[2] https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46841376/article/details/137884041
过程
- 安装必要的包
c
sudo apt install build-essential git m4 scons zlib1g zlib1g-dev libprotobuf-dev protobuf-compiler libprotoc-dev libgoogle-perftools-dev python-dev python
这里要注意下面几个包的版本:
(1)安装gcc
c
sudo apt install build-essential
这里gcc的版本最好是10+。可以用gcc --version查看其版本,不符合的调整一下。
(2)安装SCons
c
sudo apt install scons
这里的SCons的版本最好是3.0+
(3)安装python
c
sudo apt install python3-dev
python的版本最好是3.6+,可以使用python3 --version查看版本。
(4)安装protobuf
protobuf最好是protobuf 2.1+的版本,可以使用protoc --version查看版本号。
c
sudo apt install libprotobuf-dev protobuf-compiler libgoogle-perftools-dev
(5)安装Boost
c
sudo apt install libboost-all-dev
- 克隆gem5包
可以用gitee的包,下载速度快一些
c
git clone https://gitee.com/koverlu/gem5.git
- 编译安装gem5
接下来就可以编译了。首先进入gem5目录
c
cd gem5
然后开始编译
c
python3 `which scons` build/X86/gem5.opt -j32
上面这句代码的-j32是指定编译时使用的并行度,即同时进行的编译任务数。这里的 32 表示将使用32个并行任务来编译 gem5。
有些文章说,32这个数字由电脑CPU的数量决定的。我电脑是64个核,使用-j64后报错了。报错信息如下:
c
scons: *** [build/X86/python/_m5/param_MultiperspectivePerceptron.cc] Error 134
scons: building terminated because of errors.
这只是报错的小部分,有很多报错信息都显示Error 134。在stackoverflow上看到一条帖子,说是因为out of memory的缘故。
out of memory的解决办法目前有两种,一是增加交换区的大小【我觉得麻烦没试哈哈哈哈】二是减小编译的并行度,我把-j64改成-j32,就可以了
编译成功应该是这个样子:
c
[ CXX] src/mem/ruby/system/HTMSequencer.cc -> X86/mem/ruby/system/HTMSequencer.o
[ CXX] X86/python/_m5/param_RubyHTMSequencer.cc -> .o
[ CXX] X86/python/_m5/param_DMASequencer.cc -> .o
[ CXX] src/mem/ruby/system/RubyPort.cc -> X86/mem/ruby/system/RubyPort.o
[ CXX] src/mem/ruby/system/RubyPortProxy.cc -> X86/mem/ruby/system/RubyPortProxy.o
[ CXX] src/mem/ruby/system/RubySystem.cc -> X86/mem/ruby/system/RubySystem.o
[ CXX] src/mem/ruby/system/Sequencer.cc -> X86/mem/ruby/system/Sequencer.o
[ CXX] X86/python/m5/defines.py.cc -> .o
[ CXX] X86/python/m5/info.py.cc -> .o
[ CXX] src/base/date.cc -> X86/base/date.o
[ LINK] -> X86/gem5.opt
scons: done building targets.
*** Summary of Warnings ***
Warning: Couldn't find HDF5 C++ libraries. Disabling HDF5 support.
Warning: Header file <capstone/capstone.h> not found.
This host has no capstone library installed.
Warning: Can not enable KVM, host seems to lack KVM support
出现scons: done building targets.这句话就没问题啦~~
- 测试是否安装成功gem5
在gem5的目录下新建一个hello-world.py文件,文件内容如下:
c
from gem5.isas import ISA
from gem5.components.boards.simple_board import SimpleBoard
from gem5.components.cachehierarchies.classic.no_cache import NoCache
from gem5.components.memory.single_channel import SingleChannelDDR3_1600
from gem5.components.processors.simple_processor import SimpleProcessor
from gem5.components.processors.cpu_types import CPUTypes
from gem5.resources.resource import Resource
from gem5.simulate.simulator import Simulator
# Obtain the components.
cache_hierarchy = NoCache()
memory = SingleChannelDDR3_1600("1GiB")
processor = SimpleProcessor(cpu_type=CPUTypes.ATOMIC, isa=ISA.X86, num_cores=1)
#Add them to the board.
board = SimpleBoard(
clk_freq="3GHz",
processor=processor,
memory=memory,
cache_hierarchy=cache_hierarchy,
)
# Set the workload.
binary = Resource("x86-hello64-static")
board.set_se_binary_workload(binary)
# Setup the Simulator and run the simulation.
simulator = Simulator(board=board)
simulator.run()
保存退出文件后运行下面命令:
c
build/X86/gem5.opt hello-world.py
如果出现Hello World!字样则表明成功安装!