在Linux系统中，scp是一个非常好用的命令，可以用于在本地和远程计算机之间复制文件和目录。
使用scp命令复制文件时，你可以使用两种方法来提供密码：
1.直接拷贝(手动输入密码)
下面是使用scp命令复制文件并手动输入密码的方法：
scp username@remote_host:/path/to/remote/file /path/to/local/directory在上面的命令中，username是远程服务器的用户名，remote_host是远程服务器的IP地址或域名，/path/to/remote/file是远程服务器上的文件路径，/path/to/local/directory是本地服务器上的目标目录。
当你运行这个命令时，系统会提示你输入密码。输入密码后，文件就会被复制到本地服务器上。
[root@localhost dg]# scp gameSrv.jar [email protected]:/usr/my_server/ The authenticity of host '192.168.2.67 (192.168.2.67)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:8KXTdTgAUO6ESWUkYXLMfEVZQH8uSn3jb4DnuH651bY. ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:7f:1f:0e:9e:c3:ed:8d:cd:1b:a0:e9:f7:89:1d:e1:4b. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.2.67' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. [email protected]'s password:
2.使用密钥拷贝(ssh密钥对)
使用ssh-keygen生成ssh密钥对，然后将公钥添加到远程服务器的~/.ssh/authorized_keys文件中，这样在复制文件时就不需要输入密码了。
下面是使用ssh-keygen生成ssh密钥对并将公钥添加到远程服务器的方法：
1.在本地服务器上生成ssh密钥对：
这台机器的ip是：192.168.2.66(机器1) （需要在你自己的机器1上执行）
直接下一步 下一步就好。
[root@localhost dg]# ssh-keygen Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: SHA256:nXsv3egTQHkKpzbBiQ99nkegxmO38WKNyozj48TsptQ [email protected] The key's randomart image is: +---[RSA 2048]----+ | + ..o | | o.*.= o | | o*Oo= | | +=+=*. | | S.o.=oo | | + + + .. | | . E = .. + | | . +o. ...+ .| | .++. oo. | +----[SHA256]-----+ [root@localhost dg]# [root@localhost dg]# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQC2gLD9dsTTaRImIC4mhWxYy2ESe3f/kj+xpBA5ixOJDgN3lUIFbHBZKY0f2ESHV1cZj/DXG2qkJD5dd4dPPJEPsycFmtLI1Y1OKvEIlMK3pSpTNkUZ5aGPxRJi1vwEzqcglZXPmzT5w6s42laSY4o49dSRYBDCxt7Aq6t3IQU+MvxmEpZ+IThsYngBY6vXnhkjNAZ5JGdax1fgpYpvTsFRbFPKEqTvqSu2lpKGCXRclPyF6TkXqAFj1PxgnGZ8gFJ/1z5dk38K0KtQzCdRo8Fx+i1OQ6IDuBMMDGg/TIaNL7Zsqw/KJFs6rrrWVy0QUKE5zpb/HeKxlBorbQOdHXFh [email protected] [root@localhost dg]#
2.将生成的公钥（默认为~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub）添加到远程服务器上：
需要换成自己的用户名和ip(机器2)，会提示输入192.168.2.67(机器2)的登录密码
[root@localhost dg]# ssh-copy-id [email protected] /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub" /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys [email protected]'s password: Number of key(s) added: 1 Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh '[email protected]'" and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added. [root@localhost dg]#
3.测试一下连接看是否需要输入密码
[root@localhost dg]# [root@localhost dg]# ssh [email protected] Last login: Tue Aug 13 16:59:28 2024 from 192.168.2.35 [root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]#
4.拷贝一个文件试试
[root@localhost dg]# [root@localhost dg]# scp gameSrv.jar [email protected]:/usr/my_server/ gameSrv.jar 100% 5959KB 95.2MB/s 00:00 [root@localhost dg]# [root@localhost dg]#