一、前言
这篇文章讲解： 采用华为云最新推出的Flexus云服务器X实例搭建RTSP服务器，完成视频直播需求。
随着实时视频流传输需求的增长，RTSP（实时流协议）服务器成为了许多视频监控、直播和多媒体应用的核心组件。在当今高度互联的世界中，能够快速部署且稳定运行的RTSP服务器对于确保高质量的视频流体验至关重要。本文将指导如何在华为云Flexus X实例上部署一款轻量级的RTSP服务器------（采用simple-rtsp-server）。
通过本教程，将详细介绍如何在华为云Flexus X实例上安装和配置simple-rtsp-server。simple-rtsp-server以其简单易用的特点而闻名，非常适合那些希望快速搭建起基本RTSP服务的开发者。将涵盖从环境准备到软件安装，再到基本配置的所有步骤，帮助顺利搭建一个可靠的RTSP服务器，为视频流应用提供坚实的基础。
华为云Flexus云服务器X实例是由国家科技进步奖获得者、华为公司Fellow及华为云首席架构师顾炯炯牵头研发的一款创新性云服务器。该实例基于华为的擎天QingTian架构、瑶光云脑和盘古大模型等核心技术，是业界首款应用驱动的柔性算力云服务器，适用于高科技、零售、金融、游戏等多个行业的通用工作负载场景，如网络应用、数据库、虚拟桌面、分析索引、微服务及持续集成/持续部署（CI/CD）等。
传统的云服务器通常只提供固定的CPU和内存规格，无法精准匹配用户的实际资源需求，导致资源利用效率低下。相比之下，华为云Flexus X实例提供了更为灵活的算力配置，支持超过100种不同的CPU与内存配比，最高可达到3:1的比例，从而更好地适应各种业务应用的需求。
Flexus X实例不仅在性能方面表现出色，还内置了智能应用调优算法，结合华为技术专家多年积累的经验，在基础模式下，其GeekBench单核及多核跑分可达业界同规格独享型实例的1.6倍。在性能模式下，Flexus X实例的性能超过了同类C系/G系/R系及S系旗舰型云主机的标准。
此外，Flexus X实例还配备了X-Turbo加速技术和大模型底层智能调度技术，为关键业务应用提供加速功能。例如，在Flexus X实例上部署的MySQL、Redis和Nginx等应用，其性能最高可达业界同规格独享型实例的6倍（MySQL性能），长期运行时也能保持2倍的性能优势。
Flexus X实例在定价策略上定位于经济型级别，但其性能表现却超越了旗舰级云主机。通过动态业务画像规格优化等技术，用户在将业务从本地服务器或其他云服务提供商迁移到Flexus X实例时，可以节省高达30%的算力成本，从而实现业务的全面提速和效能提升，享受到云基础设施的显著改进体验。
二、服务器选购
2.1 登录官网
链接：https://www.huaweicloud.com/
在官网首页的轮播图里可以看到，有Flexus云服务器的宣传。这是华为云匠心打造的下一代跃级产品，面向中低负载场景，性能倍增、体验跃级的服务器。
2.2 选购服务器
在产品页面，也可以看到Flexus云服务的选项，点击进去选购服务器。
链接：https://www.huaweicloud.com/product/flexus.html
在选购页面可以看到服务器推广器件，1年36块钱。 每个月的流量是100G，对于一些访问量不高的服务器或者测试用是非常合适的。
当前我要选择的服务器是：Flexus云服务器X实例 ，点击Flexus系列产品，选择X实例。Flexus云服务器X实例符合：柔性算力，六倍性能，旗舰体验，覆盖高科技、零售、金融、游戏等行业大多数通用工作负载场景。
2.3 选择服务器区域
针对时延敏感型业务请选择靠近您业务的区域，以降低网络时延，提高访问速度；针对和存量云产品有内网互通需求的业务，请选择和存量产品相同的区域。
2.4 选择服务器规格
2.5 选择系统镜像
我这选择ubuntu系统，用来搭建服务器。这个根据自己的情况选择，自己适合那一种就选择哪一种。
2.6 选择存储盘
我选择150G大小。
2.7 配置密码
设置好服务器的名字（如果你有多个服务器，为了自己好区别）和系统的登录密码。
2.8 配置云备份
云备份这个不买。有需要自己可以购买。
2.9 确认配置
2.10 立即购买
购买成功。
创建成功之后，邮箱会收到提示的。
2.10 后台控制台
链接：https://console.huaweicloud.com/ecm
在控制台可以看到服务器的详情。
三、服务器登录
3.1 查看服务器的详情
点击服务器的名称，可以进去到详情页面。
3.2 远程登录
填入设置好的密码。
登录成功。
3.9 采用FinalShell登录
自带的在浏览器里运行，每次需要打开浏览器，文件也不方便上传下载。
所以，这里开发阶段，我采用的 FinalShell登录到服务器。
新建SSH连接，输入连接信息。
登录成功。
接下来就可以进行开发了。
四、搭建RTSP流媒体服务器
4.1 simple-rtsp-server库
simple-rtsp-server依赖ffmpeg，版本要求>=4.x。
GitHub仓库地址：https://github.com/BreakingY/simple-rtsp-server
4.2 安装基础依赖
在命令行运行。
cpp
sudo apt-get -y install autoconf automake build-essential libass-dev libfreetype6-dev libsdl2-dev libtheora-dev libtool libva-dev libvdpau-dev libvorbis-dev libxcb1-dev libxcb-shm0-dev libxcb-xfixes0-dev pkg-config texinfo zlib1g-dev安装过程中:
安装完成。
4.3 安装依赖库
在系统命令行分别运行以下命令，安装依赖库。
cpp
汇编库：
sudo apt-get install yasm
sudo apt-get install nasm
视频库：
sudo apt-get install libx264-dev
sudo apt-get install libx265-dev
音频库：
sudo apt-get install libfdk-aac-dev
sudo apt-get install libmp3lame-dev
sudo apt-get install libopus-dev4.4 安装ffmpeg
下载ffmpeg的库源码。
cpp
wget https://ffmpeg.org//releases/ffmpeg-4.0.5.tar.bz2
tar xjvf ffmpeg-4.0.5.tar.bz2
cd ffmpeg-4.0.5
编译ffmpeg库源码。
cpp
./configure --prefix=/usr/local --enable-libx264 --disable-x86asm --enable-nonfree --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/lib
make
make install4.5 simple-rtsp-server下载编译
cpp
git clone https://github.com/BreakingY/simple-rtsp-server.git
cd simple-rtsp-server
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
make -j4
4.6 运行服务器
cpp
cp -r ../mp4path .
./rtsp_server loop 0运行效果：
4.7 开放规则
要记得把服务器的 端口开放出来， 不然无法访问。
4.8 播放测试（RTSP协议播放云端视频文件）
自带了4个测试文件。 可以直接播放。
这是自带的4个测试文件的路径：
cpp
root@flexusx-1a58:~/work/simple-rtsp-server# ls mp4path/
test_1280x720_h264_aac.mp4 test_h264_aac.mp4 test_h264_pcma.mkv test_h265_aac.mp4下面是播放格式：
cpp
rtsp://116.205.107.156:8554/test_1280x720_h264_aac.mp4其中：
cpp
rtsp://<自己的公网IP>:8554/<mp4path目录下的视频文件名称>下面是potplayer播放器播放的效果:
播放过程中，在服务器上会打印出每个过程的详情。
4.9 rtsp_server.c代码
cpp
#include "common.h"
#include "session.h"
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define BUF_MAX_SIZE (1024 * 1024)
char *mp4Dir = "mp4path/\0"; // MP4文件存放位置
int auth = 1;
#define USER "admin"
#define PASSWORD "123456"
/*doClientThd线程参数*/
struct thd_arg_st
{
int client_sock_fd;
char client_ip[30];
int client_port;
};
int create_rtp_sockets(int *fd1, int *fd2, int *port1, int *port2)
{
struct sockaddr_in addr;
int port = 0;
*fd1 = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if (*fd1 < 0)
{
perror("socket");
return -1;
}
*fd2 = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if (*fd2 < 0)
{
perror("socket");
close(*fd1);
return -1;
}
memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
for (port = 1024; port <= 65535; port += 2)
{
addr.sin_port = htons(port);
if (bind(*fd1, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr)) == 0)
{
addr.sin_port = htons(port + 1);
if (bind(*fd2, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr)) == 0)
{
*port1 = port;
*port2 = port + 1;
return 0;
}
close(*fd1);
}
}
close(*fd1);
close(*fd2);
return -1;
}
static void generate_session_id(char *session_id, size_t size) {
if (size < 9) {
return;
}
time_t timestamp = time(NULL);
srand((unsigned int)timestamp);
int random_part = rand() % 1000000;
snprintf(session_id, size, "%02ld%06d", timestamp % 100, random_part);
return;
}
/*处理客户端rtsp请求*/
void *doClientThd(void *arg)
{
signal(SIGINT, sig_handler);
signal(SIGQUIT, sig_handler);
signal(SIGKILL, sig_handler);
struct thd_arg_st *arg_thd = (struct thd_arg_st *)arg;
int client_sock_fd = arg_thd->client_sock_fd;
char *client_ip = arg_thd->client_ip;
int client_port = arg_thd->client_port;
char method[40];
char url[100];
char url_tmp[100];
char filename[100];
char url_setup[100];
char track[1024];
char url_play[1024];
char local_ip[40];
char version[40];
int cseq;
char *buf_ptr;
char *buf_tmp;
char *recv_buf = malloc(BUF_MAX_SIZE);
char *send_buf = malloc(BUF_MAX_SIZE);
char line[400];
// rtp_over_tcp
int sig_0 = -1;
int sig_1 = -1;
int sig_2 = -1;
int sig_3 = -1;
int ture_of_rtp_tcp = 0;
// rtp_over_udp
int client_rtp_port = -1;
int client_rtcp_port = -1;
int client_rtp_port_1 = -1;
int client_rtcp_port_1 = -1;
int server_rtp_port = -1;
int server_rtcp_port = -1;
int server_rtp_port_1 = -1;
int server_rtcp_port_1 = -1;
int server_udp_socket_rtp_fd = -1;
int server_udp_socket_rtcp_fd = -1;
int server_udp_socket_rtp_1_fd = -1;
int server_udp_socket_rtcp_1_fd = -1;
char ch = '/';
int findflag = 0;
char path[100];
memcpy(path, mp4Dir, strlen(mp4Dir));
path[strlen(mp4Dir)] = '\0';
char path_tmp[100];
memcpy(path_tmp, mp4Dir, strlen(mp4Dir));
path_tmp[strlen(mp4Dir)] = '\0';
int fd;
char *realm = "simple-rtsp-server";
char nonce[33] = {0};
generate_nonce(nonce, sizeof(nonce));
char session_id[512];
generate_session_id(session_id, sizeof(session_id));
while (1)
{
int recv_len;
recv_len = recv(client_sock_fd, recv_buf, BUF_MAX_SIZE, 0);
if (recv_len <= 0)
goto out;
recv_buf[recv_len] = '\0';
printf("---------------C->S--------------\n");
printf("%s", recv_buf);
buf_ptr = getLineFromBuf(recv_buf, line);
buf_tmp = buf_ptr;
if (sscanf(line, "%s %s %s\r\n", method, url, version) != 3)
{
printf("parse err\n");
goto out;
}
/*解析序列号*/
while (1)
{
buf_ptr = getLineFromBuf(buf_ptr, line);
if (!strncmp(line, "CSeq:", strlen("CSeq:")))
{
if (sscanf(line, "CSeq: %d\r\n", &cseq) != 1)
{
printf("parse err\n");
goto out;
}
break;
}
}
if(auth == 1){
// authorization
if(!strcmp(method, "SETUP") || !strcmp(method, "DESCRIBE") || !strcmp(method, "PLAY")){
AuthorizationInfo *auth_info = find_authorization(recv_buf);
if(auth_info == NULL){
handleCmd_Unauthorized(send_buf, cseq, realm, nonce);
printf("---------------S->C--------------\n");
printf("%s", send_buf);
send(client_sock_fd, send_buf, strlen(send_buf), 0);
continue;
}
else{
// printf("nonce:%s\n", auth_info->nonce);
// printf("realm:%s\n", auth_info->realm);
// printf("response:%s\n", auth_info->response);
// printf("uri:%s\n", auth_info->uri);
// printf("username:%s\n", auth_info->username);
// 鉴权校验
int ret = authorization_verify(USER, PASSWORD, realm, nonce, auth_info->uri, method, auth_info->response);
free_authorization_info(auth_info);
if(ret < 0){ // 鉴权失败
goto out;
}
}
}
}
/* 如果是SETUP,需要解析是RTP_OVER_TCP还是RTP_OVER_UDP模式 */
if (!strcmp(method, "SETUP"))
{
memset(url_setup, 0, sizeof(url_setup));
memset(track, 0, sizeof(track));
strcpy(url_setup, url);
char *p = strrchr(url_setup, ch);
memcpy(track, p + 1, strlen(p)); // video-track0 audio -track1
while (1)
{
buf_tmp = getLineFromBuf(buf_tmp, line);
if (!buf_tmp)
{
break;
}
if (!strncmp(line, "Transport: RTP/AVP/TCP", strlen("Transport: RTP/AVP/TCP")))
{
if (memcmp(track, "track0", 6) == 0)
{
sscanf(line, "Transport: RTP/AVP/TCP;unicast;interleaved=%d-%d\r\n", &sig_0, &sig_1);
}
else
{
sscanf(line, "Transport: RTP/AVP/TCP;unicast;interleaved=%d-%d\r\n", &sig_2, &sig_3);
}
ture_of_rtp_tcp = 1;
break;
}
if (!strncmp(line, "Transport: RTP/AVP/UDP", strlen("Transport: RTP/AVP/UDP")))
{
if (memcmp(track, "track0", 6) == 0)
{
sscanf(line, "Transport: RTP/AVP/UDP;unicast;client_port=%d-%d\r\n", &client_rtp_port, &client_rtcp_port);
}
else
{
sscanf(line, "Transport: RTP/AVP/UDP;unicast;client_port=%d-%d\r\n", &client_rtp_port_1, &client_rtcp_port_1);
}
break;
}
if (!strncmp(line, "Transport: RTP/AVP", strlen("Transport: RTP/AVP")))
{
if (memcmp(track, "track0", 6) == 0)
{
sscanf(line, "Transport: RTP/AVP;unicast;client_port=%d-%d\r\n", &client_rtp_port, &client_rtcp_port);
}
else
{
sscanf(line, "Transport: RTP/AVP;unicast;client_port=%d-%d\r\n", &client_rtp_port_1, &client_rtcp_port_1);
}
break;
}
}
}
if (!strcmp(method, "OPTIONS"))
{
char *p = strrchr(url, ch);
memcpy(filename, p + 1, strlen(p));
char *tmp = strcat(path_tmp, filename);
findflag = 1;
fd = open(tmp, O_RDONLY);
if (fd < 0) // 请求的资源不存在返回404并关闭客户端文件描述符
{
perror("failed");
handleCmd_404(send_buf, cseq);
send(client_sock_fd, send_buf, strlen(send_buf), 0);
goto out;
}
else
{
close(fd);
if (handleCmd_OPTIONS(send_buf, cseq))
{
printf("failed to handle options\n");
goto out;
}
}
}
else if (!strcmp(method, "DESCRIBE"))
{
if (findflag == 0)
{
char *p = strrchr(url, ch);
memcpy(filename, p + 1, strlen(p));
char *tmp = strcat(path_tmp, filename);
fd = open(tmp, O_RDONLY);
if (fd < 0) // 请求的资源不存在返回404并关闭客户端文件描述符
{
perror("failed");
handleCmd_404(send_buf, cseq);
send(client_sock_fd, send_buf, strlen(send_buf), 0);
goto out;
}
close(fd);
findflag = 1;
}
char sdp[1024];
char localIp[100];
sscanf(url, "rtsp://%[^:]:", localIp);
int ret = generateSDP(path_tmp, localIp, sdp, sizeof(sdp));
if (ret < 0)
{ // mp4文件有问题，或者视频不是H264/H265,音频不是AAC/PCMA
handleCmd_500(send_buf, cseq);
send(client_sock_fd, send_buf, strlen(send_buf), 0);
goto out;
}
if (handleCmd_DESCRIBE(send_buf, cseq, url, sdp))
{
printf("failed to handle describe\n");
goto out;
}
}
else if (!strcmp(method, "SETUP") && ture_of_rtp_tcp == 0) // RTP_OVER_UDP
{
sscanf(url, "rtsp://%[^:]:", local_ip);
if (memcmp(track, "track0", 6) == 0)
{
create_rtp_sockets(&server_udp_socket_rtp_fd, &server_udp_socket_rtcp_fd, &server_rtp_port, &server_rtp_port);
handleCmd_SETUP_UDP(send_buf, cseq, client_rtp_port, server_rtp_port, session_id);
}
else
{
create_rtp_sockets(&server_udp_socket_rtp_1_fd, &server_udp_socket_rtcp_1_fd, &server_rtp_port_1, &server_rtp_port_1);
handleCmd_SETUP_UDP(send_buf, cseq, client_rtp_port_1, server_rtp_port_1, session_id);
}
}
else if (!strcmp(method, "SETUP") && ture_of_rtp_tcp == 1) // RTP_OVER_TCP
{
sscanf(url, "rtsp://%[^:]:", local_ip);
if (memcmp(track, "track0", 6) == 0)
{
handleCmd_SETUP_TCP(send_buf, cseq, local_ip, client_ip, sig_0, session_id);
}
else
{
handleCmd_SETUP_TCP(send_buf, cseq, local_ip, client_ip, sig_2, session_id);
}
}
else if (!strcmp(method, "PLAY"))
{
memset(url_play, 0, sizeof(url_play));
memset(track, 0, sizeof(track));
strcpy(url_play, url);
if (handleCmd_PLAY(send_buf, cseq, url_play, session_id))
{
printf("failed to handle play\n");
goto out;
}
}
else
{
goto out;
}
printf("---------------S->C--------------\n");
printf("%s", send_buf);
send(client_sock_fd, send_buf, strlen(send_buf), 0);
if (!strcmp(method, "PLAY"))
{
struct timeval time_pre, time_now;
gettimeofday(&time_pre, NULL);
char *tmp = strcat(path, filename);
int ret = addClient(tmp, client_sock_fd, sig_0, sig_2, ture_of_rtp_tcp, client_ip, client_rtp_port, client_rtp_port_1,
server_udp_socket_rtp_fd, server_udp_socket_rtcp_fd, server_udp_socket_rtp_1_fd, server_udp_socket_rtcp_1_fd);
if (ret < 0)
goto out;
int sum = getClientNum();
gettimeofday(&time_now, NULL);
int time_handle = 1000 * (time_now.tv_sec - time_pre.tv_sec) + (time_now.tv_usec - time_pre.tv_usec) / 1000;
printf("timeuse:%dms sum_client:%d\n\n", time_handle, sum);
goto over;
}
}
out:
close(client_sock_fd);
free(recv_buf);
free(send_buf);
free(arg);
return NULL;
over:
free(recv_buf);
free(send_buf);
free(arg);
return NULL;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
if(argc < 3){
printf("./rtsp_server auth(0-not authentication; 1-authentication) loop(0-not loop 1-loop)\n");
return -1;
}
auth = atoi(argv[1]);
reloop_flag = atoi(argv[2]);
int server_sock_fd;
int ret;
signal(SIGINT, sig_handler);
signal(SIGQUIT, sig_handler);
signal(SIGKILL, sig_handler);
signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
signal(SIGFPE, SIG_IGN);
server_sock_fd = createTcpSocket();
if (server_sock_fd < 0)
{
printf("failed to create tcp socket\n");
return -1;
}
ret = bindSocketAddr(server_sock_fd, SERVER_IP, SERVER_PORT);
if (ret < 0)
{
printf("failed to bind addr\n");
return -1;
}
ret = listen(server_sock_fd, 100);
if (ret < 0)
{
printf("failed to listen\n");
return -1;
}
moduleInit();
printf("rtsp://%s:%d/filename\n", SERVER_IP, SERVER_PORT);
while (1)
{
int client_sock_fd;
char client_ip[40];
int client_port;
pthread_t tid;
client_sock_fd = acceptClient(server_sock_fd, client_ip, &client_port);
if (client_sock_fd < 0)
{
printf("failed to accept client\n");
return -1;
}
printf("###########accept client --> client_sock_fd:%d client ip:%s,client port:%d###########\n", client_sock_fd, client_ip, client_port);
struct thd_arg_st *arg;
arg = malloc(sizeof(struct thd_arg_st));
memcpy(arg->client_ip, client_ip, strlen(client_ip));
arg->client_port = client_port;
arg->client_sock_fd = client_sock_fd;
ret = pthread_create(&tid, NULL, doClientThd, (void *)arg);
if (ret < 0)
{
perror("doClientThd pthread_create()");
}
pthread_detach(tid);
}
moduleDel();
close(server_sock_fd);
return 0;
}4.10 common.c 代码
cpp
#include "common.h"
#include "md5.h"
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
#include <libavutil/log.h>
#include <libavutil/time.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int createTcpSocket()
{
int sockfd;
int on = 1;
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sockfd < 0)
return -1;
setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (const char *)&on, sizeof(on));
return sockfd;
}
int createUdpSocket()
{
int sockfd;
int on = 1;
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if (sockfd < 0)
return -1;
setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (const char *)&on, sizeof(on));
return sockfd;
}
int bindSocketAddr(int sockfd, const char *ip, int port)
{
struct sockaddr_in addr;
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr.sin_port = htons(port);
addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);
if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) < 0)
return -1;
return 0;
}
int acceptClient(int sockfd, char *ip, int *port)
{
int clientfd;
socklen_t len = 0;
struct sockaddr_in addr;
memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
len = sizeof(addr);
clientfd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, &len);
if (clientfd < 0)
{
printf("accept err:%s\n", strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
strcpy(ip, inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr));
*port = ntohs(addr.sin_port);
return clientfd;
}
void rtpHeaderInit(struct RtpPacket *rtpPacket, uint8_t csrcLen, uint8_t extension,
uint8_t padding, uint8_t version, uint8_t payloadType, uint8_t marker,
uint16_t seq, uint32_t timestamp, uint32_t ssrc)
{
rtpPacket->rtpHeader.csrcLen = csrcLen;
rtpPacket->rtpHeader.extension = extension;
rtpPacket->rtpHeader.padding = padding;
rtpPacket->rtpHeader.version = version;
rtpPacket->rtpHeader.payloadType = payloadType;
rtpPacket->rtpHeader.marker = marker;
rtpPacket->rtpHeader.seq = seq;
rtpPacket->rtpHeader.timestamp = timestamp;
rtpPacket->rtpHeader.ssrc = ssrc;
return;
}
char *getLineFromBuf(char *buf, char *line)
{
while (*buf != '\n')
{
*line = *buf;
line++;
buf++;
}
*line = '\n';
++line;
*line = '\0';
++buf;
return buf;
}
static char *extract_value(const char *source, const char *key) {
const char *start = strstr(source, key);
if (!start) {
return NULL;
}
start += strlen(key) + 2; // 跳过 key="
const char *end = strchr(start, '"');
if (!end) {
return NULL;
}
size_t len = end - start;
char *value = (char *)malloc(len + 1);
if (!value) {
return NULL;
}
strncpy(value, start, len);
value[len] = '\0';
return value;
}
AuthorizationInfo *find_authorization(const char *request) {
const char *auth_start = strstr(request, "Authorization: ");
if (!auth_start) {
return NULL; // Authorization字段未找到
}
auth_start += strlen("Authorization: ");
const char *auth_end = strchr(auth_start, '\r');
if (!auth_end) {
auth_end = strchr(auth_start, '\n');
}
if (!auth_end) {
return NULL; // 无法找到行尾
}
char *auth_value = (char *)malloc(auth_end - auth_start + 1);
if (!auth_value) {
return NULL; // 内存分配失败
}
strncpy(auth_value, auth_start, auth_end - auth_start);
auth_value[auth_end - auth_start] = '\0';
AuthorizationInfo *auth_info = (AuthorizationInfo *)malloc(sizeof(AuthorizationInfo));
if (!auth_info) {
free(auth_value);
return NULL; // 内存分配失败
}
auth_info->username = extract_value(auth_value, "username");
auth_info->realm = extract_value(auth_value, "realm");
auth_info->nonce = extract_value(auth_value, "nonce");
auth_info->uri = extract_value(auth_value, "uri");
auth_info->response = extract_value(auth_value, "response");
free(auth_value);
return auth_info;
}
void free_authorization_info(AuthorizationInfo *auth_info) {
if (auth_info) {
free(auth_info->username);
free(auth_info->realm);
free(auth_info->nonce);
free(auth_info->uri);
free(auth_info->response);
free(auth_info);
}
return;
}
// 生成随机字符串
static void generate_random_string(char *buf, int length) {
static const char charset[] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789";
for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++) {
buf[i] = charset[rand() % (sizeof(charset) - 1)];
}
return;
}
// 生成nonce
void generate_nonce(char *nonce, int length) {
if (length < 1) {
nonce[0] = '\0';
return;
}
memset(nonce, 0, length);
srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
char random_string[128] = {0};
generate_random_string(random_string, sizeof(random_string));
char timestamp[32];
snprintf(timestamp, sizeof(timestamp), "%ld", (long)time(NULL));
char combined[256] = {0};
snprintf(combined, sizeof(combined), "%s%s", random_string, timestamp);
MD5_CTX md5;
unsigned char decrypt[16];
MD5Init(&md5);
MD5Update(&md5, combined, strlen(combined));
MD5Final(&md5, decrypt);
for(int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
snprintf(&(nonce[i * 2]), 3, "%02x", decrypt[i]);
}
return;
}
int authorization_verify(char *username, char *password, char *realm, char *nonce, char *uri, char * method, char *response){
// md5(username:realm:password)
unsigned char res1[16];
char res1_hex[33] = {0};
char buffer1[256] = {0};
sprintf(buffer1,"%s:%s:%s", username, realm, password);
MD5_CTX md5_1;
MD5Init(&md5_1);
MD5Update(&md5_1, buffer1, strlen(buffer1));
MD5Final(&md5_1, res1);
for(int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
snprintf(&(res1_hex[i * 2]), 3, "%02x", res1[i]);
}
// md5(public_method:url)
unsigned char res2[16];
char res2_hex[33] = {0};
char buffer2[256] = {0};
sprintf(buffer2,"%s:%s", method, uri);
MD5_CTX md5_2;
MD5Init(&md5_2);
MD5Update(&md5_2, buffer2, strlen(buffer2));
MD5Final(&md5_2, res2);
for(int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
snprintf(&(res2_hex[i * 2]), 3, "%02x", res2[i]);
}
// md5( md5(username:realm:password):nonce:md5(public_method:url) )
unsigned char res[16];
char res_hex[33] = {0};
char buffer[512] = {0};
sprintf(buffer,"%s:%s:%s", res1_hex, nonce, res2_hex);
MD5_CTX md5;
MD5Init(&md5);
MD5Update(&md5, buffer, strlen(buffer));
MD5Final(&md5, res);
for(int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
snprintf(&(res_hex[i * 2]), 3, "%02x", res[i]);
}
// printf("res:%s response:%s\n", res_hex, response);
if(strcmp(res_hex, response) == 0){
return 0;
}
return -1;
}
int handleCmd_Unauthorized(char *result, int cseq, char *realm, char *nonce){
sprintf(result, "RTSP/1.0 401 Unauthorized\r\n"
"CSeq: %d\r\n"
"WWW-Authenticate: Digest realm=\"%s\", nonce=\"%s\"\r\n"
"\r\n",
cseq,
realm,
nonce);
return 0;
}
int handleCmd_OPTIONS(char *result, int cseq)
{
sprintf(result, "RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
"CSeq: %d\r\n"
"Public: OPTIONS, DESCRIBE, SETUP, PLAY\r\n"
"\r\n",
cseq);
return 0;
}
int handleCmd_DESCRIBE(char *result, int cseq, char *url, char *sdp)
{
sprintf(result, "RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\nCSeq: %d\r\n"
"Content-Base: %s\r\n"
"Content-type: application/sdp\r\n"
"Content-length: %d\r\n\r\n"
"%s",
cseq,
url,
strlen(sdp),
sdp);
return 0;
}
int handleCmd_SETUP_TCP(char *result, int cseq, char *localIp, char *clientIp, int sig_0, char *session)
{
sprintf(result, "RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
"CSeq: %d\r\n"
"Transport: RTP/AVP/TCP;unicast;destination=%s;source=%s;interleaved=%d-%d\r\n"
"Session: %s\r\n"
"\r\n",
cseq,
clientIp,
localIp,
sig_0,
sig_0 + 1,
session);
return 0;
}
int handleCmd_SETUP_UDP(char *result, int cseq, int clientRtpPort, int serverRtpPort, char *session)
{
sprintf(result, "RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
"CSeq: %d\r\n"
"Transport: RTP/AVP;unicast;client_port=%d-%d;server_port=%d-%d\r\n"
"Session: %s\r\n"
"\r\n",
cseq,
clientRtpPort,
clientRtpPort + 1,
serverRtpPort,
serverRtpPort + 1,
session);
return 0;
}
int handleCmd_PLAY(char *result, int cseq, char *url_setup, char *session)
{
sprintf(result, "RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
"CSeq: %d\r\n"
"Range: npt=0.000-\r\n"
"Session: %s; timeout=60\r\n\r\n",
cseq,
session);
return 0;
}
int handleCmd_404(char *result, int cseq)
{
sprintf(result, "RTSP/1.0 404 NOT FOUND\r\n"
"CSeq: %d\r\n"
"\r\n",
cseq);
return 0;
}
int handleCmd_500(char *result, int cseq)
{
sprintf(result, "RTSP/1.0 500 SERVER ERROR\r\n"
"CSeq: %d\r\n"
"\r\n",
cseq);
return 0;
}
int check_media_info(const char *filename, MediaInfo *info)
{
AVFormatContext *format_ctx = NULL;
int ret;
if ((ret = avformat_open_input(&format_ctx, filename, NULL, NULL)) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Could not open source file %s\n", filename);
return ret;
}
if ((ret = avformat_find_stream_info(format_ctx, NULL)) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Could not find stream information\n");
avformat_close_input(&format_ctx);
return ret;
}
info->has_audio = 0;
info->has_video = 0;
info->is_video_h26x = 0;
info->is_audio_aac_pcma = 0;
info->audio_sample_rate = 0;
info->audio_channels = 0;
// info->vps = NULL;
// info->sps = NULL;
// info->pps = NULL;
// info->vps_size = 0;
// info->sps_size = 0;
// info->pps_size = 0;
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < format_ctx->nb_streams; i++)
{
AVStream *stream = format_ctx->streams[i];
AVCodecParameters *codecpar = stream->codecpar;
if (codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO)
{
info->has_video = 1;
if (codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264 || codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H265 || codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC)
{
info->is_video_h26x = 1;
if (codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264)
info->video_type = H264;
else
info->video_type = H265;
}
}
else if (codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO)
{
info->has_audio = 1;
if (codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC || codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_ALAW)
{
info->is_audio_aac_pcma = 1;
info->audio_sample_rate = codecpar->sample_rate;
info->audio_channels = codecpar->channels;
info->profile = codecpar->profile;
if(codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC)
info->audio_type = AAC;
else
info->audio_type = PCMA;
}
}
}
avformat_close_input(&format_ctx);
return 0;
}
void free_media_info(MediaInfo *info)
{
// if (info->vps)
// {
// free(info->vps);
// }
// if (info->sps)
// {
// free(info->sps);
// }
// if (info->pps)
// {
// free(info->pps);
// }
return;
}
/*
#define FF_PROFILE_AAC_MAIN 0
#define FF_PROFILE_AAC_LOW 1
#define FF_PROFILE_AAC_SSR 2
#define FF_PROFILE_AAC_LTP 3
#define FF_PROFILE_AAC_HE 4
#define FF_PROFILE_AAC_HE_V2 28
#define FF_PROFILE_AAC_LD 22
#define FF_PROFILE_AAC_ELD 38
#define FF_PROFILE_MPEG2_AAC_LOW 128
#define FF_PROFILE_MPEG2_AAC_HE 131
*/
static int get_audio_obj_type(int aactype){
//AAC HE V2 = AAC LC + SBR + PS
//AAV HE = AAC LC + SBR
//所以无论是 AAC_HEv2 还是 AAC_HE 都是 AAC_LC
switch(aactype){
case 0:
case 2:
case 3:
return aactype + 1;
case 1:
case 4:
case 28:
return 2;
default:
return 2;
}
return 2;
}
static int get_sample_rate_index(int freq, int aactype){
int i = 0;
int freq_arr[13] = {
96000, 88200, 64000, 48000, 44100, 32000,
24000, 22050, 16000, 12000, 11025, 8000, 7350
};
//如果是 AAC HEv2 或 AAC HE, 则频率减半
if(aactype == 28 || aactype == 4){
freq /= 2;
}
for(i = 0; i < 13; i++){
if(freq == freq_arr[i]){
return i;
}
}
return 4;//默认是44100
}
static int get_channel_config(int channels, int aactype){
//如果是 AAC HEv2 通道数减半
if(aactype == 28){
return (channels / 2);
}
return channels;
}
int generateSDP(char *file, char *localIp, char *buffer, int buffer_len)
{
memset(buffer, 0, buffer_len);
MediaInfo info;
if (check_media_info(file, &info) != 0)
{
printf("server error\n");
free_media_info(&info);
return -1;
}
if (info.has_video && !info.is_video_h26x)
{
printf("only support h264 h265\n");
free_media_info(&info);
return -1;
}
if (info.has_audio && !info.is_audio_aac_pcma)
{
printf("only support aac pcma\n");
free_media_info(&info);
return -1;
}
sprintf(buffer, "v=0\r\n"
"o=- 9%ld 1 IN IP4 %s\r\n"
"c=IN IP4 %s\r\n"
"t=0 0\r\n"
"a=control:*\r\n",
time(NULL), localIp, localIp);
if (info.has_video)
{
sprintf(buffer + strlen(buffer), "m=video 0 RTP/AVP %d\r\n"
"a=rtpmap:%d %s/90000\r\n"
//"a=fmtp:%d profile-level-id=42A01E; packetization-mode=1; sprop-parameter-sets=Z0IACpZTBYmI,aMljiA==\r\n"
"a=fmtp:%d packetization-mode=1\r\n"
"a=control:track0\r\n",
RTP_PAYLOAD_TYPE_H26X, RTP_PAYLOAD_TYPE_H26X, info.video_type == H264 ? "H264" : "H265", RTP_PAYLOAD_TYPE_H26X);
}
if (info.has_audio)
{
if (info.audio_type == AAC)
{
char config[10] = {0};
int index = get_sample_rate_index(info.audio_sample_rate, info.profile);
sprintf(config, "%02x%02x", (uint8_t)((get_audio_obj_type(info.profile)) << 3)|(index >> 1), (uint8_t)((index << 7)|(info.audio_channels << 3)));
sprintf(buffer + strlen(buffer), "m=audio 0 RTP/AVP %d\r\n"
"a=rtpmap:%d MPEG4-GENERIC/%u/%u\r\n"
"a=fmtp:%d streamtype=5;profile-level-id=1;mode=AAC-hbr;config=%04u;sizelength=13;indexlength=3;indexdeltalength=3\r\n"
"a=control:track1\r\n",
RTP_PAYLOAD_TYPE_AAC, RTP_PAYLOAD_TYPE_AAC, info.audio_sample_rate, info.audio_channels, RTP_PAYLOAD_TYPE_AAC, atoi(config));
}
else
{
sprintf(buffer + strlen(buffer), "m=audio 0 RTP/AVP %d\r\n"
"a=rtpmap:%d PCMA/%u/%u\r\n"
"a=control:track1\r\n",
RTP_PAYLOAD_TYPE_PCMA, RTP_PAYLOAD_TYPE_PCMA, info.audio_sample_rate, info.audio_channels);
}
}
free_media_info(&info);
return 0;
}
// aactype = ffmpeg --> AVCodecParameters *codecpar->profile
void adts_header(char *adts_header_buffer, int data_len, int aactype, int frequency, int channels){
int audio_object_type = get_audio_obj_type(aactype);
int sampling_frequency_index = get_sample_rate_index(frequency, aactype);
int channel_config = get_channel_config(channels, aactype);
int adts_len = data_len + 7;
adts_header_buffer[0] = 0xff; //syncword:0xfff 高8bits
adts_header_buffer[1] = 0xf0; //syncword:0xfff 低4bits
adts_header_buffer[1] |= (0 << 3); //MPEG Version:0 for MPEG-4,1 for MPEG-2 1bit
adts_header_buffer[1] |= (0 << 1); //Layer:0 2bits
adts_header_buffer[1] |= 1; //protection absent:1 1bit
adts_header_buffer[2] = (audio_object_type - 1)<<6; //profile:audio_object_type - 1 2bits
adts_header_buffer[2] |= (sampling_frequency_index & 0x0f)<<2; //sampling frequency index:sampling_frequency_index 4bits
adts_header_buffer[2] |= (0 << 1); //private bit:0 1bit
adts_header_buffer[2] |= (channel_config & 0x04)>>2; //channel configuration:channel_config 高1bit
adts_header_buffer[3] = (channel_config & 0x03)<<6; //channel configuration:channel_config 低2bits
adts_header_buffer[3] |= (0 << 5); //original：0 1bit
adts_header_buffer[3] |= (0 << 4); //home：0 1bit
adts_header_buffer[3] |= (0 << 3); //copyright id bit：0 1bit
adts_header_buffer[3] |= (0 << 2); //copyright id start：0 1bit
adts_header_buffer[3] |= ((adts_len & 0x1800) >> 11); //frame length：value 高2bits
adts_header_buffer[4] = (uint8_t)((adts_len & 0x7f8) >> 3); //frame length:value 中间8bits
adts_header_buffer[5] = (uint8_t)((adts_len & 0x7) << 5); //frame length:value 低3bits
adts_header_buffer[5] |= 0x1f; //buffer fullness:0x7ff 高5bits
adts_header_buffer[6] = 0xfc;
return;
}五、总结
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