综合项目内容：
升级网站运行平台、部署Redis内存存储服务集群、数据迁移、部署PXCMySQL实现强同步、部署LB和HA集群
一、项目拓扑结构
PROJECT2-DAY1回顾：
服务架构缺点分析：
① 数据存储结构存在单点故障（需增调度器）
② 网络服务每次都是从源站提取数据
③ 将tomcat网站服务升级网站运行平台LNMP；
项目需求：
① 升级网站运行平台（LNMP）
② 部署内存存储服务器（redis集群）
③ 部署PXC集群；
④ 解决数据库服务负载问题；
⑤ 解决调度器单点故障问题；
PROJECT2-DAY2：
实验延续PROJECT2-DAY1，服务器启动并检查服务正常，确保关闭所有主机的防火墙和SELinux；
案例1：升级网站运行平台
具体配置如下：
① 清除当前配置（tomcat、tomcat的共享存储）
② 部署LNMP（源码安装Nginx、php-fpm、php及php-mysql）
③ 测试配置（编写php脚本）
补充：因数据不存储在Nginx服务器数据库（可选安装mariadb-server及mariadb、mariadb-devel）
步骤1：清除当前WEB服务器配置
web33操作
① 停止Tomcat网站服务
bash
[root@web33 ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh //停止tomcat服务
[root@web33 ~]# vim /etc/rc.local //注释服务开机自启
# usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh② 卸载NFS共享存储
bash
[root@web33 ~]# df -h | grep /sitedir //查看挂载点
192.168.4.30:/sitedir 3.0G 32M 3.0G 2% /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT
[root@web33 ~]# umount /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/ //卸载tomcat网站的挂载点
[root@web33 ~]# vim /etc/fstab //注释共享挂载
# 192.168.4.30:/sitedir /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT nfs defaults 0 0步骤2：部署LNMP平台架构
web33操作
① 安装Nginx和所需环境及依赖包
bash
[root@web33 ~]# yum -y install gcc pcre-devel zlib-devel源码安装Nginx（参考：lnmp_soft/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz ）
bash
[root@web33 lnmp_soft]# tar -xf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@web33 lnmp_soft]# cd nginx-1.12.2/
[root@web33 nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure //配置Makefile
[root@web33 nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install //编译安装
[root@web33 nginx-1.12.2]# ls /usr/local/nginx/
conf html logs sbin安装PHP及连接MySQL依赖包
bash
[root@web33 nginx-1.12.2]# yum -y install php php-mysql php-fpm② 挂载NFS共享存储
bash
[root@web33 ~]# showmount -e 192.168.4.30 //查看NFS服务器的共享
Export list for 192.168.4.30:
/sitedir *
[root@web33 ~]# vim /etc/fstab //Nginx挂载NFS共享存储
192.168.4.30:/sitedir /usr/local/nginx/html nfs defaults 0 0
[root@web33 ~]# mount -a
[root@web33 ~]# mount | grep "/usr/local/nginx/html"
192.168.4.30:/sitedir on /usr/local/nginx/html type nfs4 (rw,relatime,vers=4.1,rsize=262144,wsize=262144,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,port=0,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=192.168.4.33,local_lock=none,addr=192.168.4.30)③ 启动Nginx服务
bash
[root@web33 ~]# vim +65 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf //修改配置文件，开启动态解析功能；
...
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
...
[root@web33 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx //启动服务
[root@web33 ~]# echo "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" >> /etc/rc.local //开机自启
[root@web33 ~]# ss -nlptu | grep :80
tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* users:(("nginx",pid=14279,fd=6),("nginx",pid=14278,fd=6))④ 启动PHP-FPM服务
bash
[root@web33 ~]# systemctl start php-fpm.service
[root@web33 ~]# systemctl enable php-fpm.service
[root@web33 ~]# ss -nlptu | grep :9000
tcp LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 *:* users:(("php-fpm",pid=14312,fd=0),("php-fpm",pid=14311,fd=0),("php-fpm",pid=14310,fd=0),("php-fpm",pid=14309,fd=0),("php-fpm",pid=14308,fd=0),("php-fpm",pid=14306,fd=6))步骤3：测试配置
nfs30操作
① 编写连接Mysql11数据库服务器PHP脚本
bash
[root@nfs30 ~]# vim /sitedir/linkdb2.php
<?php
$conn=mysql_connect("192.168.4.11","army","123qqq...A");
mysql_select_db("gamedb");
$sql = 'insert into user (name) values ("Jackie")'; //存入数据"Jackie"
mysql_query($sql);
mysql_close();
echo "save data ok";
?>WEB服务器上查看挂载的网页目录是否增加php文件
bash
[root@web33 ~]# ls /usr/local/nginx/html/
linkdb2.php linkdb.jsp test.html② 使用浏览器访问脚本
③ 在mysql11主数据库服务器查看数据
bash
[root@mysql11 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A
mysql> select * from gamedb.user;
+--------+
| name |
+--------+
| jack |
| AnJ |
| lucy |
| Jackie |
+--------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)案例2：部署Redis内存存储服务
具体操作如下：
① 部署6台redis服务器
② 创建redis集群（1个管理主机 --> 3个主从节点的redis服务器）
③ 配置Nginx网站服务器支持php和redis；
④ 测试配置
PROJECT2-DAY2拓扑：
服务器IP及角色规划：
|--------|-------------------|----------|
| 主机名 | IP地址:端口 | 角色 |
| redisA | 192.168.4.51:6379 | Redis服务器 |
| redisB | 192.168.4.52:6379 | Redis服务器 |
| redisC | 192.168.4.53:6379 | Redis服务器 |
| redisD | 192.168.4.54:6379 | Redis服务器 |
| redisE | 192.168.4.55:6379 | Redis服务器 |
| redisF | 192.168.4.56:6379 | Redis服务器 |
| mgm | 192.168.4.57 | 管理集群主机 |
步骤1：部署Redis服务器
redisA、redisB、redisC、redisD、redisE、redisF操作
① 搭建redis服务器（命令行方式，以redisA为例）
bash
[root@redisA ~]# rpm -q gcc || yum -y install gcc //检查编译环境
[root@redisA ~]# tar -zxf redis-4.0.8.tar.gz //解压软件包
[root@redisA ~]# cd redis-4.0.8/
[root@redisA redis-4.0.8]# make install //安装（默认已有Makefile）
[root@redisA redis-4.0.8]# ./utils/install_server.sh //初始化配置
bash
[root@redisA redis-4.0.8]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 stop //停止服务
Stopping ...
Redis stopped
[root@redisA redis-4.0.8]# vim /etc/redis/6379.conf //修改配置文件，启用集群配置
70 # bind 127.0.0.1
89 protected-mode no //关闭保护机制
815 cluster-enabled yes
823 cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf
829 cluster-node-timeout 5000
[root@redisA redis-4.0.8]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 start //启动服务
Starting Redis server...
[root@redisA redis-4.0.8]# ss -nlptu | grep redis-server //查看服务端口
tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:6379 *:* users:(("redis-server",pid=14455,fd=7))
tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:16379 *:* users:(("redis-server",pid=14455,fd=10))
tcp LISTEN 0 128 :::6379 :::* users:(("redis-server",pid=14455,fd=6))
tcp LISTEN 0 128 :::16379 :::* users:(("redis-server",pid=14455,fd=9))扩展：自定义脚本，部署redis服务器并开启集群功能（注意：需提前准备redis软件包）
bash
[root@redisA ~]# cat setup_redis.sh
#!/bin/bash
# 描述：该脚本用来部署Redis服务器，并启用集群配置
# 检查编译环境
rpm -q gcc || yum -y install gcc
# 解压软件包(注释：提前准备软件包)
[ -e "redis-4.0.8"] && echo "目录存在" || tar -zxvf redis-4.0.8.tar.gz
# 编译安装
cd redis-4.0.8/
make install
# 初始化配置（注意：服务启动需要些许时间）
cd utils/
echo | source install_server.sh
sleep 5 //休眠5秒
# 停止redis服务
/etc/init.d/redis_6379 stop
# 启用集群配置
sed -i '89s/yes/no/' /etc/redis/6379.conf # 关闭保护 protected-mode no
sed -i '70s/^/# /' /etc/redis/6379.conf # 注释 bind 127.0.0.1
sed -i '815s/# //' /etc/redis/6379.conf # cluster-enabled yes
sed -i '823s/# //' /etc/redis/6379.conf # cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf
sed -i '829s/# //' /etc/redis/6379.conf # cluster-node-timeout 15000
sed -i '829s/15000/5000/' /etc/redis/6379.conf # cluster-node-timeout 5000
# 清除数据目录
rm -rf /var/lib/redis/6379/*
# 启动redis服务
service redis_6379 start② 使用脚本为其它节点主机部署Redis服务及开启集群功能（脚本方式，以redisB为例）
bash
[root@redisB ~]# chmod +x setup_redis.sh
[root@redisB ~]# ./setup_redis.sh
[root@redisB ~]# ss -nlptu | grep redis-server
tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:6379 *:* users:(("redis-server",pid=4841,fd=7))
tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:16379 *:* users:(("redis-server",pid=4841,fd=10))
tcp LISTEN 0 128 :::6379 :::* users:(("redis-server",pid=4841,fd=6))
tcp LISTEN 0 128 :::16379 :::* users:(("redis-server",pid=4841,fd=9))提示：使用脚本完成其它Redis服务器的部署及集群功能启用，执行完成后，检查redis-server的服务端口是都正常；
步骤2：创建redis集群
mgm操作
① 配置管理主机，安装软件包
bash
[root@mgm ~]# yum -y install ruby rubygems //安装依赖（提供gem）
[root@mgm ~]# gem install redis-3.2.1.gem //安装依赖软件gem程序
Successfully installed redis-3.2.1
Parsing documentation for redis-3.2.1
Installing ri documentation for redis-3.2.1
1 gem installed- 补充：RubyGems 是 Ruby 的一个包管理器，它提供一个分发 Ruby 程序和库的标准格式，还提供一个管理程序包安装的工具gem；
- 补充：redis-3.2.1.gem，搭建redis集群所需要的依赖软件（redis和ruby接口相关）
② 拷贝源码包中的redis-trib.rb集群管理脚本
bash
[root@mgm ~]# mkdir /root/bin
[root@mgm ~]# tar -zxf redis-4.0.8.tar.gz
[root@mgm ~]# cp redis-4.0.8/src/redis-trib.rb /root/bin/ //拷贝集群管理脚本
[root@mgm ~]# chmod +x /root/bin/redis-trib.rb //确保脚本有执行权限
[root@mgm ~]# redis-trib.rb help //查看帮助③ 创建集群
bash
[root@mgm ~]# redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 \
> 192.168.4.51:6379 192.168.4.52:6379 192.168.4.53:6379 \
> 192.168.4.54:6379 192.168.4.55:6379 192.168.4.56:6379
>>> Creating cluster
>>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes...
Using 3 masters:
192.168.4.51:6379
192.168.4.52:6379
192.168.4.53:6379
Adding replica 192.168.4.55:6379 to 192.168.4.51:6379
Adding replica 192.168.4.56:6379 to 192.168.4.52:6379
Adding replica 192.168.4.54:6379 to 192.168.4.53:6379
M: e8e65683bf1e972091fce5f14ec1553e8b0cb56d 192.168.4.51:6379
slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
M: d86b0c0a530a2532b3e170972d34c5f42ad328fa 192.168.4.52:6379
slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
M: 333a311d39cbee56e46a3cf2b7bfb5b43f53e0e2 192.168.4.53:6379
slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
S: c0ef41c30a8303150240750a227449d97be7415e 192.168.4.54:6379
replicates 333a311d39cbee56e46a3cf2b7bfb5b43f53e0e2
S: 4b44c1dfdaead8d54f4fd8e914accc059dd6bfc0 192.168.4.55:6379
replicates e8e65683bf1e972091fce5f14ec1553e8b0cb56d
S: 8f506e5cf8316226d981f203cc47b3eef0fca23d 192.168.4.56:6379
replicates d86b0c0a530a2532b3e170972d34c5f42ad328fa
Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes //同意以上配置
>>> Nodes configuration updated
>>> Assign a different config epoch to each node
>>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster
Waiting for the cluster to join....
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.4.51:6379)
M: e8e65683bf1e972091fce5f14ec1553e8b0cb56d 192.168.4.51:6379
slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
M: 333a311d39cbee56e46a3cf2b7bfb5b43f53e0e2 192.168.4.53:6379
slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: 4b44c1dfdaead8d54f4fd8e914accc059dd6bfc0 192.168.4.55:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates e8e65683bf1e972091fce5f14ec1553e8b0cb56d
S: c0ef41c30a8303150240750a227449d97be7415e 192.168.4.54:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 333a311d39cbee56e46a3cf2b7bfb5b43f53e0e2
M: d86b0c0a530a2532b3e170972d34c5f42ad328fa 192.168.4.52:6379
slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: 8f506e5cf8316226d981f203cc47b3eef0fca23d 192.168.4.56:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates d86b0c0a530a2532b3e170972d34c5f42ad328fa
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.④ 查看集群信息
bash
[root@mgm ~]# redis-trib.rb info 192.168.4.51:6379
192.168.4.51:6379 (e8e65683...) -> 0 keys | 5461 slots | 1 slaves. //分配哈希槽5461
192.168.4.53:6379 (333a311d...) -> 0 keys | 5461 slots | 1 slaves. //分配哈希槽5461
192.168.4.52:6379 (d86b0c0a...) -> 0 keys | 5462 slots | 1 slaves. //分配哈希槽5462
[OK] 0 keys in 3 masters.
0.00 keys per slot on average.
[root@mgm ~]# redis-trib.rb check 192.168.4.51:6379
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.4.51:6379)
M: e8e65683bf1e972091fce5f14ec1553e8b0cb56d 192.168.4.51:6379
slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
M: 333a311d39cbee56e46a3cf2b7bfb5b43f53e0e2 192.168.4.53:6379
slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: 4b44c1dfdaead8d54f4fd8e914accc059dd6bfc0 192.168.4.55:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates e8e65683bf1e972091fce5f14ec1553e8b0cb56d
S: c0ef41c30a8303150240750a227449d97be7415e 192.168.4.54:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 333a311d39cbee56e46a3cf2b7bfb5b43f53e0e2
M: d86b0c0a530a2532b3e170972d34c5f42ad328fa 192.168.4.52:6379
slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: 8f506e5cf8316226d981f203cc47b3eef0fca23d 192.168.4.56:6379
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates d86b0c0a530a2532b3e170972d34c5f42ad328fa
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.⑤ 测试配置（在客户端连接集群中的任意一台服务器存取数据）
bash
[root@redisA ~]# scp /usr/local/bin/redis-cli 192.168.4.5:/usr/local/bin/
[root@localhost ~]# redis-cli -c -h 192.168.4.51 -p 6379
192.168.4.51:6379> ping
PONG
192.168.4.51:6379> SET x 100
-> Redirected to slot [16287] located at 192.168.4.53:6379 //提示存储在53节点
OK
192.168.4.53:6379> KEYS *
1) "x"
192.168.4.53:6379> SET y 200
OK
192.168.4.53:6379> KEYS *
1) "x"
2) "y"
192.168.4.53:6379> SET z 300
-> Redirected to slot [8157] located at 192.168.4.52:6379 //提示存储在52节点
OK
192.168.4.52:6379> KEYS * //在52节点查看数据，只有变量z
1) "z"
192.168.4.52:6379> GET x
-> Redirected to slot [16287] located at 192.168.4.53:6379 //连接53节点获取数据
"100"
192.168.4.53:6379> GET y
"200"
192.168.4.53:6379> GET z
-> Redirected to slot [8157] located at 192.168.4.52:6379 //提示存储在52节点
"300"
192.168.4.52:6379> SET i 400
-> Redirected to slot [15759] located at 192.168.4.53:6379 //提示存储在53节点
OK
192.168.4.53:6379> SET j 500
-> Redirected to slot [3564] located at 192.168.4.51:6379 //提示存储在51节点
OK步骤3：配置Nginx网站服务器支持php和Redis
web33操作
① 安装php扩展依赖包
bash
[root@web33 ~]# yum -y install php-devel② 安装php-redis（参考：/linux-soft/4/redis-cluster-4.3.0.tgz ，注意软件包版本）
bash
[root@web33 ~]# tar -zxf redis-cluster-4.3.0.tgz
[root@web33 ~]# cd redis-4.3.0/ //切换到软件包目录
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# ls
bash
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# phpize //创建configure命令及配置信息文件/usr/bin/php-config
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version: 20100412
Zend Module Api No: 20100525
Zend Extension Api No: 220100525
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# ls
bash
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# make && make install //编译安装
...
Installing shared extensions: /usr/lib64/php/modules/ //提示模块安装目录
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# ls /usr/lib64/php/modules/ //查看目录列表
③ 修改php配置文件并重启服务
bash
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# vim /etc/php.ini
728 extension_dir = "/usr/lib64/php/modules/" //模块目录
730 extension = "redis.so" //模块名
...
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# systemctl restart php-fpm //重启php-fpm服务
[root@web33 redis-4.3.0]# php -m | grep -i redis //查看模块
redis测试配置：
① 在FTP存储服务器的共享目录下，创建连接集群PHP脚本
bash
[root@nfs30 ~]# vim /sitedir/set_data.php //存储数据脚本
<?php
$redis_list = ['192.168.4.51:6379','192.168.4.52:6379','192.168.4.53:6379','192.168.4.54:6379','192.168.4.55:6379','192.168.4.56:6379']; //定义redis服务器列表
$client = new RedisCluster(NUll,$redis_list); //定义连接redis服务器变量
$client->set("i","tarenaA "); //存储数据 变量名 i
$client->set("j","tarenaB "); //存储数据 变量名 j
$client->set("k","tarenaC "); //存储数据 变量名 k
?>
bash
[root@nfs30 ~]# vim /sitedir/get_data.php //获取数据脚本
<?php
$redis_list = ['192.168.4.51:6379','192.168.4.52:6379','192.168.4.53:6379','192.168.4.54:6379','192.168.4.55:6379','192.168.4.56:6379']; //定义redis服务器列表
$client = new RedisCluster(NUll,$redis_list); //定义连接redis服务器变量
echo $client->get("i"); //获取变量i 的数据
echo $client->get("j"); //获取变量j 的数据
echo $client->get("k"); //获取变量k 的数据
?>
bash
[root@nfs30 ~]# vim /sitedir/test3.php //存/取数据脚本
<?php
$redis_list = ['192.168.4.51:6379','192.168.4.52:6379','192.168.4.53:6379','192.168.4.54:6379','192.168.4.55:6379','192.168.4.56:6379'];
$client = new RedisCluster(NUll,$redis_list);
$client->set("name","AnJern"); //存数据
echo $client->get("name"); //取数据
?>② 访问网站执行脚本（在任意主机访问网站服务器都可以）
bash
[root@localhost ~]# curl http://192.168.4.33/set_data.php
[root@localhost ~]# curl http://192.168.4.33/get_data.php
tarenaA tarenaB tarenaC
[root@localhost ~]# curl http://192.168.4.33/test3.php③ 命令行连接任意一台redis服务器查看数据（在任意主机连接redis服务器都可以）
bash
[root@localhost ~]# redis-cli -c -h 192.168.4.51 -p 6379
192.168.4.51:6379> KEYS *
1) "\xe2\x80\x9cname\xe2\x80\x9c"
2) "j"
192.168.4.51:6379> exit
[root@localhost ~]# redis-cli -c -h 192.168.4.52 -p 6379
192.168.4.52:6379> KEYS *
1) "z"
2) "k"
192.168.4.52:6379> exit
[root@localhost ~]# redis-cli -c -h 192.168.4.53 -p 6379
192.168.4.53:6379> KEYS *
1) "x"
2) "y"
3) "i"
192.168.4.53:6379> exit案例3：数据迁移
要求如下：
① 配置一台作为mysql11主数据库服务器的从服务器（同步mysql11数据）
② 配置第1台PXC服务器
③ 配置第2台PXC服务器
④ 配置第3台PXC服务器
⑤ 测试配置
PROJECT2-DAY2拓扑：
服务器IP及角色规划：
|-----------|--------------|-----------|
| 主机名 | IP地址 | 角色 |
| pxcnode66 | 192.168.4.66 | 第1台数据库服务器 |
| pxcnode77 | 192.168.4.77 | 第2台数据库服务器 |
| pxcnode88 | 192.168.4.88 | 第3台数据库服务器 |
步骤1：配置从服务器
pxcnode66操作
- 为了实现数据迁移，把pxcnode66配置为mysql11的从服务器，且确保数据一致；
① 安装数据库服务软件并启动mysqld服务
bash
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# tar -xf mysql-5.7.17.tar
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# ls *.rpm //查看软件列表
bash
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-*
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
bash
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# ss -nlptu | grep :3306
tcp LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::* users:(("mysqld",pid=1683,fd=22))初始化数据库密码
bash
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2021-06-23T14:52:15.889904Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: KmtikV!jX7JL
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'KmtikV!jX7JL' password '123qqq...A'
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A //新密码登录
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)② 修改配置文件（指定server_id）
bash
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server_id=66
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld //重启服务补充：指定server_id并准备同步主服务器信息前，需要确保主机之间数据一致；
③ 确保数据一致（使用mysql11主机的完全备份恢复数据确保数据一致）
bash
[root@mysql11 ~]# rpm -ivh libev-4.15-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm //安装依赖软件
[root@mysql11 ~]# yum -y install percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.7-1.el7.x86_64.rpm //安装在线热备软件
[root@mysql11 ~]# innobackupex --user root --password 123qqq...A --slave-info /allbak --no-timestamp //备份所有数据，并记录备份数据对应的binlog日志名
[root@mysql11 ~]# ls /allbak/
补充：--slave-info 记录备份数据对应的binlog日志名
把备份文件发送给pxcnode66主机
bash
[root@mysql11 ~]# scp -r /allbak/ root@192.168.4.66:/root/在pxcnode66主机上恢复mysql11的数据库数据
bash
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# rpm -ivh libev-4.15-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# yum -y install percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.7-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/*
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# innobackupex --apply-log /root/allbak/ //准备恢复数据
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# innobackupex --copy-back /root/allbak/ //恢复数据
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql //由于拷贝的备份数据权限为root，需修改所有者为mysql
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# systemctl start mysqld //启动服务④ 指定主服务器
bash
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# cat /root/allbak/xtrabackup_info | grep master //根据备份信息，查binlog日志
binlog_pos = filename 'master11.000006', position '154'
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A //同步主服务器数据
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='192.168.4.11',
-> master_user='repluser',
-> master_password='123qqq...A',
-> master_log_file='master11.000006',
-> master_log_pos=154;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave; //启动slave 程序
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G //查看slave状态
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.4.11 //主服务器ip地址
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master11.000006
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_File: pxcnode66-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 319
Relay_Master_Log_File: master11.000006
Slave_IO_Running: Yes //IO线程正常
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes //SQL线程正常
...查看数据是否同步
bash
mysql> select * from gamedb.user;
+--------+
| name |
+--------+
| jack |
| AnJ |
| lucy |
| Jackie |
+--------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql/
步骤2：配置第1台PXC服务器
pxcnode66操作
① 停止mysqld服务、卸载mysqld服务软件
bash
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld //停止服务
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql //查看安装的MySQL服务软件
mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-6.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-test-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-community-server mysql-community-embedded-compat mysql-community-common mysql-community-client mysql-community-devel mysql-community-test mysql-community-libs-compat mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo mysql-community-libs mysql-community-embedded mysql-community-embedded-devel //卸载所有的MySQL服务软件
警告：/etc/my.cnf 已另存为 /etc/my.cnf.rpmsave② 安装PXC软件、修改配置文件、启动mysql服务
bash
[root@pxcnode66 ~]# cd pxc
[root@pxcnode66 pxc]# ls
bash
[root@pxcnode66 pxc]# rpm -ivh qpress-1.1-14.11.x86_64.rpm //安装依赖
[root@pxcnode66 pxc]# tar -xf Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-5.7.25-31.35-r463-el7-x86_64-bundle.tar //解压PXC软件包
[root@pxcnode66 pxc]# ls
提示：安装PXC中途出现报错，需将percona-xtrabackup-24 >= 2.4.12要求Percona在线备份工具的版本大于2.4.12；
bash
[root@pxcnode66 pxc]# yum -y install percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.13-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@pxcnode66 pxc]# yum -y install Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-*.rpm //安装软件修改数据库服务配置文件
bash
[root@pxcnode66 pxc]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
...
[mysqld]
server-id=66 //指定server_id
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
log-bin
log_slave_updates
expire_logs_days=7
...修改集群服务配置文件
bash
[root@pxcnode66 pxc]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.4.66,192.168.4.77,192.168.4.88 //集群成员列表
wsrep_node_address=192.168.4.66 //指定本机ip地址
wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster //指定集群名称（另外2台的集群名称要于此相同）
wsrep_node_name=pxcnode66 //指定本机主机名
wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:123qqq...A" //数据全量同步授权用户及密码启动集群服务（mysql@bootstrap）
bash
[root@pxcnode66 pxc]# systemctl start mysql@bootstrap
[root@pxcnode66 pxc]# systemctl enable mysql@bootstrap查看端口信息
bash
[root@pxcnode66 pxc]# ss -nlptu | grep :3306 //查看MySQL服务端口
tcp LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::* users:(("mysqld",pid=13570,fd=32))
[root@pxcnode66 pxc]# ss -nlptu | grep :4567 //查看集群通信端口
tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:4567 *:* users:(("mysqld",pid=13570,fd=11))③ 数据库管理员登录、sstuser用户授权、查看集群状态信息
虽卸载MySQL，但还保留完全备份的/var/lib/mysql/数据，所以无需再初始化密码
bash
[root@pxcnode66 pxc]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A
mysql> grant all on *.* to sstuser@'localhost' identified by '123qqq...A'; //用户授权
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
mysql> show status like '%wsrep%'; //查看集群状态信息
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| wsrep_incoming_addresses | 192.168.4.66:3306 |
| wsrep_cluster_weight | 1 |
| wsrep_cluster_state_uuid | b034b1be-d447-11eb-9a0c-12896a6ff1b1 |
| wsrep_cluster_status | Primary |
| wsrep_connected | ON |
| wsrep_ready | ON |
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
71 rows in set (0.00 sec)查看状态信息依然是192.168.4.11的从服务器
bash
[root@pxcnode66 pxc]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A -e "show slave status\G" | grep -i "yes"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes步骤3：配置第2台PXC服务器
192.168.4.77操作
① 安装所需依赖和软件包
bash
[root@maxscale77 ~]# cd pxc/
[root@maxscale77 pxc]# rpm -ivh qpress-1.1-14.11.x86_64.rpm //安装依赖
[root@maxscale77 pxc]# tar -xf Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-5.7.25-31.35-r463-el7-x86_64-bundle.tar //解压PXC软件包
[root@maxscale77 pxc]# yum -y install libev-4.15-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm //安装依赖
[root@maxscale77 pxc]# yum -y install percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.13-1.el7.x86_64.rpm //升级在线备份工具
[root@maxscale77 pxc]# yum -y install Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-*.rpm //安装软件② 修改配置文件
修改数据库服务配置文件
bash
[root@maxscale77 pxc]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
...
[mysqld]
Server-id=77 //指定server_id
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
log-bin
log_slave_updates
expire_logs_days=7
...修改集群服务配置文件
bash
[root@maxscale77 pxc]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.4.66,192.168.4.77,192.168.4.88 //集群成员列表
wsrep_node_address=192.168.4.77 //指定本机ip地址
wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster //指定集群名称（另外2台的集群名称要于此相同）
wsrep_node_name=pxcnode77 //指定本机主机名
wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:123qqq...A" //数据全量同步授权用户及密码③ 启动mysql服务（mysql）
bash
[root@pxcnode77 pxc]# systemctl start mysql
[root@pxcnode77 pxc]# systemctl enable mysql
[root@pxcnode77 pxc]# ss -nlptu | grep :3306 //查看MySQL服务端口
tcp LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::* users:(("mysqld",pid=5268,fd=27))
[root@pxcnode77 pxc]# ss -nlptu | grep :4567 //查看集群端口
tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:4567 *:* users:(("mysqld",pid=5268,fd=11))步骤4：配置第3台PXC服务器
192.168.4.88操作
① 安装所需依赖和软件包
bash
[root@pxcnode88 ~]# cd pxc/
[root@pxcnode88 pxc]# rpm -ivh qpress-1.1-14.11.x86_64.rpm //安装依赖
[root@pxcnode88 pxc]# tar -xf Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-5.7.25-31.35-r463-el7-x86_64-bundle.tar //解压PXC软件包
[root@pxcnode88 pxc]# yum -y install libev-4.15-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm //安装依赖
[root@pxcnode88 pxc]# yum -y install percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.13-1.el7.x86_64.rpm //升级在线备份工具
[root@pxcnode88 pxc]# yum -y install Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-*.rpm //安装软件② 修改配置文件
修改数据库服务配置文件
bash
[root@pxcnode88 pxc]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
...
[mysqld]
server-id=88 //指定server_id
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
log-bin
log_slave_updates
expire_logs_days=7
...修改集群服务配置文件
bash
[root@pxcnode77 pxc]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://192.168.4.66,192.168.4.77,192.168.4.88 //集群成员列表
wsrep_node_address=192.168.4.77 //指定本机Ip地址
wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster //指定集群名称（另外2台的集群名称要于此相同）
wsrep_node_name=pxcnode77 //指定本机主机名
wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:123qqq...A" //数据全量同步授权用户及密码③ 启动mysql服务
bash
[root@pxcnode88 pxc]# systemctl start mysql
[root@pxcnode88 pxc]# systemctl enable mysql
[root@pxcnode88 pxc]# ss -nlptu | grep :3306
tcp LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::* users:(("mysqld",pid=3558,fd=28))
[root@pxcnode88 pxc]# ss -nlptu | grep :4567
tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:4567 *:* users:(("mysqld",pid=3558,fd=11))登录任意一台数据库服务器，查看集群状态信息
bash
mysql> show status like '%wsrep%';
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| wsrep_incoming_addresses | 192.168.4.66:3306,192.168.4.88:3306,192.168.4.77:3306 |
| wsrep_cluster_weight | 3 |
| wsrep_cluster_state_uuid | b034b1be-d447-11eb-9a0c-12896a6ff1b1 |
| wsrep_cluster_status | Primary |
| wsrep_connected | ON |
| wsrep_ready | ON |
+----------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
71 rows in set (0.00 sec)步骤5：测试配置
① 存储数据：在网站服务器连接3台PXC集群主机存储数据（web33操作）
bash
[root@web33 ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-client //或者安装Mariadb
[root@web33 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A -h192.168.4.66 gamedb
mysql> insert into gamedb.user values('testA');
mysql> exit
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A -h192.168.4.77 gamedb
mysql> insert into gamedb.user values('testB');
mysql> exit
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A -h192.168.4.88 gamedb
mysql> insert into gamedb.user values('testC');
mysql> exit常见报错：数据表没有primary key
ERROR 1105 (HY000): Percona-XtraDB-Cluster prohibits use of DML command on a table (gamedb.user) without an explicit primary key with pxc_strict_mode = ENFORCING or MASTER
解决办法：
bash
mysql> alter table gamedb.user modify name char(10) primary key;② 查询数据：在网站服务器连接PXC集群主机查询数据
bash
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A -h192.168.4.66 gamedb
mysql> select * from gamedb.user;
+--------+
| name |
+--------+
...
| testA |
| testB |
| testC |
+--------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A -h192.168.4.77 gamedb
mysql> select * from gamedb.user;
+--------+
| name |
+--------+
...
| testA |
| testB |
| testC |
+--------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A -h192.168.4.88 gamedb
mysql> select * from gamedb.user;
+--------+
| name |
+--------+
...
| testA |
| testB |
| testC |
+--------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit案例4：部署LB集群（负载均衡集群）
配置步骤如下：
① 安装haproxy软件
② 修改配置文件
③ 启动服务
④ 测试配置
准备1台主机做haproxy调度器，配置ip地址、主机名；运行haproxy服务，接受客户端访问数据库的连接请求，把请求平均分发给3台PXC集群主机；
PROJECT2-DAY2拓扑：
服务器IP及角色规划：
|-----------|--------------|-----|
| 主机名 | IP地址 | 角色 |
| haproxy99 | 192.168.4.99 | 调度器 |
步骤1：安装haproxy软件
haproxy99操作
bash
[root@haproxy99 ~]# yum -y install haproxy.x86_64步骤2：修改配置文件
bash
[root@haproxy99 ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
Global //全局配置（默认即可）
log 127.0.0.1 local2
chroot /var/lib/haproxy
pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid
maxconn 4000
user haproxy
group haproxy
daemon
stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats
defaults //默认配置（默认即可）
mode http
log global
option httplog
option dontlognull
option http-server-close
option forwardfor except 127.0.0.0/8
option redispatch
retries 3
timeout http-request 10s
timeout queue 1m
timeout connect 10s
timeout client 1m
timeout server 1m
timeout http-keep-alive 10s
timeout check 10s
maxconn 3000
listen status //定义监控页面
mode http //模式为http
bind *:80 //端口80
stats enable //启用配置
stats uri /admin //访问目录名
stats auth admin:admin //登录用户与密码
listen mysql_3306 *:3306 //定义haproxy服务名称与端口号
mode tcp //mysql服务 得使用 tcp 协议
option tcpka //使用长连接
balance roundrobin //调度算法（轮询）
server mysql_01 192.168.4.66:3306 check //第1台数据库服务器
server mysql_02 192.168.4.77:3306 check //第2台数据库服务器
server mysql_03 192.168.4.88:3306 check //第3台数据库服务器步骤3：启动服务
bash
[root@haproxy99 ~]# systemctl start haproxy.service
[root@haproxy99 ~]# systemctl enable haproxy.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/haproxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/haproxy.service.
[root@haproxy99 ~]# netstat -utnlp | grep :3306
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1856/haproxy
[root@haproxy99 ~]# netstat -utnlp | grep haproxy
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1856/haproxy
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1856/haproxy
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1856/haproxy
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:54518 0.0.0.0:* 1855/haproxy步骤4：测试配置
在网站服务器连接haproxy99主机访问数据
bash
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A -h192.168.4.99 -e 'select @@hostname'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| pxcnode66 | //第1次连接
+------------+
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A -h192.168.4.99 -e 'select @@hostname'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| pxcnode77 | //第2次连接
+------------+
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A -h192.168.4.99 -e 'select @@hostname'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| pxcnode88 | //第3次连接
+------------+案例5：部署HA集群（高可用集群）
具体配置如下：
① 准备备用haproxy调度器主机
② 安装软件
③ 修改配置文件
④ 启动服务
⑤ 测试配置
PROJECT2-DAY2拓扑：
步骤1：准备备用调度器主机（haproxy98操作）
① 安装haproxy软件
bash
[root@haproxy98 ~]# yum -y install haproxy.x86_64② 修改配置文件（或直接拷贝haproxy99主机的配置文件）
bash
[root@haproxy98 ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
...
listen status //定义监控页面
mode http //模式为http
bind *:80 //端口80
stats enable //启用配置
stats uri /admin //访问目录名
stats auth admin:admin //登录用户与密码
listen mysql_3306 *:3306 //定义haproxy服务名称与端口号
mode tcp //mysql服务 得使用 tcp 协议
option tcpka //使用长连接
balance roundrobin //调度算法
server mysql_01 192.168.4.66:3306 check //第1台数据库服务器
server mysql_02 192.168.4.77:3306 check //第2台数据库服务器
server mysql_03 192.168.4.88:3306 check //第3台数据库服务器
...③ 启动haproxy服务
bash
[root@haproxy98 ~]# systemctl start haproxy.service
[root@haproxy98 ~]# systemctl enable haproxy.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/haproxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/haproxy.service.
[root@haproxy98 ~]# netstat -utnlp | grep :3306
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1758/haproxy
[root@haproxy98 ~]# netstat -utnlp | grep haproxy
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1758/haproxy
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1758/haproxy
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1758/haproxy
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:53459 0.0.0.0:* 1757/haproxy步骤2：部署keepalived高可用服务
① 安装keepalived软件，并修改配置文件（haproxy99操作）
bash
[root@haproxy99 ~]# yum -y install keepalived.x86_64
[root@haproxy99 ~]# sed -i '36,$d' /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf //删除无关的配置行
[root@haproxy99 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {
...
vrrp_iptables
...
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER //主服务器标识
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100 //haproxy99主机做主服务器，优先级要比haproxy98主机高
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS //主备服务器连接方式
auth_pass 1111 //连接密码
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.4.100 //定义VIP地址
}
}② 安装keepalived软件，并修改配置文件（haproxy98操作）
bash
[root@haproxy98 ~]# yum -y install keepalived.x86_64
[root@haproxy98 ~]# sed -i '36,$d' /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf //删除无关的配置行
[root@haproxy98 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {
...
vrrp_iptables
...
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP //备用服务器标识
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 95 //优先级要比haproxy99主机低
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.4.100 //定义VIP地址
}
}步骤3：启动服务
① 在haproxy99主机启动keepalived服务
bash
[root@haproxy99 ~]# systemctl start keepalived.service //启动服务
[root@haproxy99 ~]# ip add show | grep 192.168.4.100 //可查看到vip地址
inet 192.168.4.100/32 scope global eth0② 在haproxy98主机启动keepalived服务
bash
[root@haproxy98 ~]# systemctl start keepalived.service //启动服务
[root@haproxy98 ~]# ip add show | grep 192.168.4.100 //查看不到vip地址步骤4：测试配置
① 使用网站服务器连接vip地址，访问数据库服务，测试轮询效果
bash
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A -h192.168.4.100 -e 'select @@hostname'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| pxcnode66 |
+------------+
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A -h192.168.4.100 -e 'select @@hostname'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| pxcnode77 |
+------------+
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A -h192.168.4.100 -e 'select @@hostname'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| pxcnode88 |
+------------+② 测试高可用
模拟测试停止haproxy99主机的keepalived服务，查看VIP地址
bash
[root@haproxy99 ~]# ip add show | grep 192.168.4.100
inet 192.168.4.100/32 scope global eth0
[root@haproxy99 ~]# systemctl stop keepalived.service //停止keepalived服务
[root@haproxy99 ~]# ip add show | grep 192.168.4.100 //查看不到vip地址在备用的haproxy98主机查看地址
bash
[root@haproxy98 ~]# ip add show | grep 192.168.4.100
inet 192.168.4.100/32 scope global eth0使用网站服务器再次连接vip地址，访问数据库服务
bash
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A -h192.168.4.100 -e 'select @@hostname'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| pxcnode66 |
+------------+
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A -h192.168.4.100 -e 'select @@hostname'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| pxcnode77 |
+------------+
[root@web33 ~]# mysql -uarmy -p123qqq...A -h192.168.4.100 -e 'select @@hostname'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| pxcnode88 |
+------------+小结：
本篇章节为**【第四阶段】PROJECT2-DAY2**的学习笔记，这篇笔记可以初步了解到 升级网站运行平台、部署Redis内存存储服务集群、数据迁移、部署PXCMySQL实现强同步、部署LB和HA集群。
Tip：毕竟两个人的智慧大于一个人的智慧，如果你不理解本章节的内容或需要相关笔记、视频，可私信小安，请不要害羞和回避，可以向他人请教，花点时间直到你真正的理解。