因为还处于数据分析的学习阶段（野生Python学者），所以在kaggle这个网站找了两个数据集来给自己练练手。
准备工作
python
import pandas as pd
import os
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from random import choice获取数据
这里我下载了两个数据集第一个是关于咖啡的销售情况，第二个是关于Instagram这个网站1000名最受欢迎的博主的数据。
我就从咖啡的销售情况这个表入手，因为我看了第二个表实在是没有什么眉目去做T.T
python
# 读取目录内的文件
directory = r'C:\Users\Admin\Desktop\demo\练习'
files = os.listdir(directory)
print(files)['coffee_result.csv', 'Instagram-Data.csv']
python
# 存放文件
files_list = []
for file in files:
if file.endswith('.csv'):
directory_file = fr'{directory}\{file}'
files_list.append(directory_file)
print(files_list)['C:\\Users\\Admin\\Desktop\\demo\\练习\\coffee_result.csv', 'C:\\Users\\Admin\\Desktop\\demo\\练习\\Instagram-Data.csv']
python
# 读取需要的文件
df = pd.read_csv(files_list[0])查看一些必要信息
python
df.info()
df<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
RangeIndex: 1464 entries, 0 to 1463
Data columns (total 6 columns):
# Column Non-Null Count Dtype
--- ------ -------------- -----
0 date 1464 non-null object
1 datetime 1464 non-null object
2 cash_type 1464 non-null object
3 card 1375 non-null object
4 money 1464 non-null float64
5 coffee_name 1464 non-null object
dtypes: float64(1), object(5)
memory usage: 68.8+ KB
| | date | datetime | cash_type | card | money | coffee_name |
| 0 | 2024-03-01 | 2024-03-01 10:15:50.520 | card | ANON-0000-0000-0001 | 38.70 | Latte |
| 1 | 2024-03-01 | 2024-03-01 12:19:22.539 | card | ANON-0000-0000-0002 | 38.70 | Hot Chocolate |
| 2 | 2024-03-01 | 2024-03-01 12:20:18.089 | card | ANON-0000-0000-0002 | 38.70 | Hot Chocolate |
| 3 | 2024-03-01 | 2024-03-01 13:46:33.006 | card | ANON-0000-0000-0003 | 28.90 | Americano |
| 4 | 2024-03-01 | 2024-03-01 13:48:14.626 | card | ANON-0000-0000-0004 | 38.70 | Latte |
| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 1459 | 2024-09-05 | 2024-09-05 20:30:14.964 | card | ANON-0000-0000-0587 | 32.82 | Cappuccino |
| 1460 | 2024-09-05 | 2024-09-05 20:54:24.429 | card | ANON-0000-0000-0588 | 23.02 | Americano |
| 1461 | 2024-09-05 | 2024-09-05 20:55:31.429 | card | ANON-0000-0000-0588 | 32.82 | Cappuccino |
| 1462 | 2024-09-05 | 2024-09-05 21:26:28.836 | card | ANON-0000-0000-0040 | 27.92 | Americano with Milk |
| 1463 | 2024-09-05 | 2024-09-05 21:27:29.969 | card | ANON-0000-0000-0040 | 27.92 | Americano with Milk |
|---|
1464 rows × 6 columns
python
print(df['cash_type'].unique().tolist(),'\n',
len(df['card'].unique().tolist()),'\n',
df['coffee_name'].unique().tolist(),'\n',
len(df['coffee_name'].unique().tolist()))['card', 'cash']
589
['Latte', 'Hot Chocolate', 'Americano', 'Americano with Milk', 'Cocoa', 'Cortado', 'Espresso', 'Cappuccino']
8
通过info返回的信息可以看到card列存在一些空值，那我就把空值处理一下
python
df[df['card'].isnull()]| | date | datetime | cash_type | card | money | coffee_name |
| 12 | 2024-03-02 | 2024-03-02 10:30:35.668 | cash | NaN | 40.0 | Latte |
| 18 | 2024-03-03 | 2024-03-03 10:10:43.981 | cash | NaN | 40.0 | Latte |
| 41 | 2024-03-06 | 2024-03-06 12:30:27.089 | cash | NaN | 35.0 | Americano with Milk |
| 46 | 2024-03-07 | 2024-03-07 10:08:58.945 | cash | NaN | 40.0 | Latte |
| 49 | 2024-03-07 | 2024-03-07 11:25:43.977 | cash | NaN | 40.0 | Latte |
| ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 657 | 2024-05-31 | 2024-05-31 09:23:58.791 | cash | NaN | 39.0 | Latte |
| 677 | 2024-06-01 | 2024-06-01 20:54:59.267 | cash | NaN | 39.0 | Cocoa |
| 685 | 2024-06-02 | 2024-06-02 22:43:10.636 | cash | NaN | 34.0 | Americano with Milk |
| 691 | 2024-06-03 | 2024-06-03 21:42:51.734 | cash | NaN | 34.0 | Americano with Milk |
| 692 | 2024-06-03 | 2024-06-03 21:43:37.471 | cash | NaN | 34.0 | Americano with Milk |
|---|
89 rows × 6 columns
空值是由支付类型为现金支付的那一列对应的行产生的
python
df['card'] = df['card'].fillna("-1")
df['card'].isnull().any()np.False_
对数据进行处理
在info返回的信息看到date这一列的数值类型是对象，我就把它变成日期类型方便我自己后续操作
python
print(type(df.loc[1,'date']),type(df.loc[1,'datetime']))
df.loc[1,'date']<class 'str'> <class 'str'>
'2024-03-01'
python
# 调整日期格式提取每行数据的月份
df['date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['date'])
df['datetime'] = pd.to_datetime(df['datetime'])
df['month'] = df['date'].dt.month
print(len(df['month'].unique()))7
查看每月的销售情况
因为9月份的数据只有5天所以这个月就不纳入分析
python
# 查看每月的销量以及金额
df_six = df[df['month']!=9].copy()
month = df_six['month'].unique() # 把月份单独拎出
month_sales = df_six.groupby('month')['money'].count()
month_sum = df_six.groupby('month')['money'].sum()
figure,axes = plt.subplots(1,2,figsize=[16,8])
figure.suptitle("Month sales and sum",size=20)
ax1 = axes[0].bar(month,month_sales)
axes[0].set_xlabel('Month',size=16)
axes[0].set_ylabel('Count',size=16)
ax2 = axes[1].bar(month,month_sum)
axes[1].set_xlabel('Month',size=16)
axes[1].set_ylabel('Sum',size=16)
axes[0].bar_label(ax1,fmt="%d",label_type="center")
axes[1].bar_label(ax2,fmt="%d",label_type="center")
plt.subplots_adjust(wspace=0.5)
统计每款咖啡的营销情况
每款咖啡每月的营销额
python
nrows,ncols = 2,4
figure3,axes = plt.subplots(nrows,ncols,figsize=[16,8],sharex=True,sharey=True)
coffee_month_sales = df_six.groupby(['month','coffee_name'])['money'].sum().reset_index(name='sum')
coffee_names = coffee_month_sales['coffee_name'].unique().tolist()
for idx,coffee_name in enumerate(coffee_names):
x,y = divmod(idx,ncols)
coffee_data = coffee_month_sales[coffee_month_sales['coffee_name']==coffee_name]
bars = axes[x,y].bar(coffee_data['month'],coffee_data['sum'])
axes[x,y].bar_label(bars,fmt="%d",label_type="center")
subtitle = f"{coffee_name} {int(coffee_data['sum'].sum())}"
axes[x,y].set_title(subtitle)
axes[x,y].set_xlabel('month',size=16)
axes[x,y].set_ylabel('sum',size=16)
figure3.suptitle('coffee month sales',size=20)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.subplots_adjust(wspace=0.5)
查看不同咖啡的受众人数以及占比
python
stati = df_six.groupby('coffee_name')['money'].count().reset_index(name='buyers')
stati.sort_values(by='buyers',ascending=True,inplace=True,ignore_index=True)
figure2,axes = plt.subplots(1,2,figsize=(16,8))
figure2.suptitle("Coffee audience number and proportion",size=20)
ax1 = axes[0].barh(stati.iloc[:,0],stati.iloc[:,1])
axes[0].bar_label(ax1,fmt="%d",label_type="center")
axes[0].set_ylabel("Kind",size=16)
axes[0].set_xlabel("Sum",size=16)
axes[1].pie(stati.iloc[:,1],labels=stati.iloc[:,0],autopct='%0.1f')
plt.subplots_adjust(wspace=0.5)
统计客户的实际消费情况
python
cardholder = df_six[df_six['card']!='-1'].copy()
cardholder['tag'] = 1
cardholder.drop(columns=['date','datetime','cash_type'],inplace=True)
cardholder['month_sum'] = cardholder.groupby('card')['tag'].transform('sum')
python
active_buyer = cardholder.groupby('card')['month_sum'].max().reset_index(name='buys')
active_buyer.sort_values(by='buys',inplace=True,ignore_index=True,ascending=False)
cardholder['money_sum'] = cardholder.groupby('card')['money'].transform('sum')
money_sum = cardholder.drop_duplicates(subset='card',ignore_index=True).copy()
money_sum.drop(columns=['money','coffee_name','month','tag','month_sum'],inplace=True)
money_sum.sort_values(by='money_sum',inplace=True,ignore_index=True,ascending=False)
python
result = pd.merge(active_buyer,money_sum)
print('总消费金额平均数：',result['money_sum'].mean(),'\n',
result.head(10))总消费金额平均数： 75.29034111310592
card buys money_sum
0 ANON-0000-0000-0012 96 2772.44
1 ANON-0000-0000-0009 67 2343.98
2 ANON-0000-0000-0141 44 1101.08
3 ANON-0000-0000-0097 38 1189.34
4 ANON-0000-0000-0040 30 910.12
5 ANON-0000-0000-0003 27 744.04
6 ANON-0000-0000-0001 17 646.14
7 ANON-0000-0000-0134 13 470.76
8 ANON-0000-0000-0024 12 422.26
9 ANON-0000-0000-0059 12 337.00
通过打印的数据可以看到这算是最活跃的一批用户了
程度大致就做到这种情况了，谢谢观看，如果有什么好的方法也可以在评论区评论！
python