矩阵旋转90度
给定一个 n × n 的二维矩阵 matrix 表示一个图像,请你将图像顺时针旋转 90 度。
cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
void rotate(vector<vector<int>>& matrix) {
int n = matrix.size();
// 第一步:转置矩阵
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
for (int j = i + 1; j < n; ++j) {
swap(matrix[i][j], matrix[j][i]);
}
}
// 第二步:反转每一行
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
std::reverse(matrix[i].begin(), matrix[i].end());
}
}
int main() {
vector<vector<int>> matrix = {
{1, 2, 3},
{4, 5, 6},
{7, 8, 9}
};
rotate(matrix);
// 输出结果
for (const auto& row : matrix) {
for (const auto& elem : row) {
cout << elem << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
return 0;
}
螺旋矩阵
将一个矩阵中的元素按照从右到左,从上到下,从右到左,从下到上依次输出
cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
vector<int> spiralOrder(const vector<vector<int>>& matrix) {
vector<int> result;
if (matrix.empty()) return result;
int top = 0, bottom = matrix.size() - 1;
int left = 0, right = matrix[0].size() - 1;
while (top <= bottom && left <= right) {
// 从左到右遍历上边界
for (int i = left; i <= right; i++) {
result.push_back(matrix[top][i]);
}
top++;
// 从上到下遍历右边界
for (int i = top; i <= bottom; i++) {
result.push_back(matrix[i][right]);
}
right--;
//防止上面top++越界
if (top <= bottom) {
// 从右到左遍历下边界
for (int i = right; i >= left; i--) {
result.push_back(matrix[bottom][i]);
}
bottom--;
}
//防止上面right--越界
if (left <= right) {
// 从下到上遍历左边界
for (int i = bottom; i >= top; i--) {
result.push_back(matrix[i][left]);
}
left++;
}
}
return result;
}
int main() {
vector<vector<int>> matrix = {
{1, 2, 3},
{4, 5, 6},
{7, 8, 9}
};
vector<int> result = spiralOrder(matrix);
// 输出结果
for (int num : result) {
cout << num << " ";
}
cout << endl;
return 0;
}